Prueba De Qq215: II Ley TermodinÁmica

The correct answer is "Toma 100 J de la fuente de alta temperatura y la transforma en 50 J de trabajo." This is because the efficiency of a heat engine is defined as the ratio of the work output to the heat input from the high-temperature source. In this case, the machine is able to convert 100 J of heat from the high-temperature source into 50 J of useful work, resulting in an efficiency of 50%.

The correct answer is "Máquina de calor" because it is a thermodynamic machine that converts heat into work. A refrigerator and a heat pump are both examples of machines that use a similar principle, but they transfer heat from a colder region to a hotter region, while a heat engine, such as an internal combustion engine, converts heat into mechanical work. Therefore, the correct answer is a general term that encompasses all machines that convert heat into work.

To improve the efficiency of a Carnot machine that can only operate within a temperature range of 298 K and 400 K, the temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs should be increased. By decreasing the lower temperature and increasing the higher temperature, the temperature gradient will be larger, resulting in a higher efficiency. This is because the efficiency of a Carnot engine is directly proportional to the temperature difference between the hot and cold reservoirs.

The correct answer states that for a refrigeration cycle, the heat from the cold reservoir is always greater than the heat from the hot reservoir. This statement is false. In a refrigeration cycle, the heat is transferred from a cold reservoir to a hot reservoir, so the heat from the hot reservoir is always greater than the heat from the cold reservoir.

The given statement suggests that it is possible to utilize the work produced by a Carnot machine to operate a Carnot refrigerator at the same temperatures. This violates the second law of thermodynamics, which states that it is not possible to transfer heat from a colder region to a hotter region without the input of external work. Therefore, this statement contradicts the second law and is not valid.

None of the above statements are true. The first statement is incorrect because reversible processes are not necessarily equal to spontaneous processes. The second statement is incorrect because heat transfer from a colder body to a hotter body violates the second law of thermodynamics. The third statement is incorrect because the Carnot cycle cannot convert all absorbed heat into work without any change in temperature. Therefore, the correct answer is "None of the above".

The given statement is "Ninguna de las anteriores" which means "None of the above". This means that none of the previous statements are true. The correct answer implies that the efficiency of an engine is not equal without lubricant, it cannot reach 100% efficiency by eliminating friction, and it would not be 100% efficient even if it were a Carnot cycle.

The correct answer is "Todas las anteriores" because all of the options mentioned in the question involve utilizing the temperature difference between two points to generate work, which is in accordance with the second law of thermodynamics. Whether it is the temperature difference between the Caribbean Sea and the Arctic Ocean, pumping material from the Earth's core to the surface, or using the temperature difference between Venus and Mars, all of these options can potentially generate energy in the form of work.

The correct answer is "Todas las anteriores" (All of the above). This is because the statement "La eficiencia de la máquina de Carnot es del 57%" is true for a Carnot cycle with a coefficient of performance of 1.35. Additionally, the statement "La temperatura más alta es 1.7 veces mayor que la temperatura baja" is also true for a Carnot cycle as it follows the temperature ratio of a Carnot cycle. Therefore, both statements are true, making the correct answer "Todas las anteriores" (All of the above).

The correct answer is "Si la refrigeradora esta en Nacaome, Valle,Si el refrigerador esta lleno". This means that the refrigerator consumes more power when it is in Nacaome, Valle and when it is full. The location and the amount of contents in the refrigerator can affect its power consumption.