Bioquimica: Cadena Respiratoria Y Fosforilacion Oxidativa
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Questions and Answers
- 1.
Sistema de transferencia de electrones mediada por proteinas cataliticas situadas de forma secuencial en la membrana mitocondrial interna
Explanation
The explanation for the correct answer, "Cadena respiratoria" (respiratory chain), is that it refers to the system of electron transfer mediated by catalytic proteins located sequentially in the inner mitochondrial membrane. This respiratory chain is responsible for the production of ATP, the energy currency of cells, through the process of oxidative phosphorylation. It involves a series of redox reactions where electrons are passed along a chain of protein complexes, resulting in the generation of a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce ATP.Rate this question:
- 2.
Lugar de donde son obtenidos los equivalentes reductores para la dadena respiratoria
Explanation
The correct answer is "Ciclo de Krebs o ß oxidacion de acidos grasos" which translates to "Krebs cycle or ß oxidation of fatty acids" in English. This answer suggests that the equivalents reductores (reducing equivalents) for the respiratory chain are obtained from either the Krebs cycle or the ß oxidation of fatty acids. These two metabolic processes are known to produce reducing equivalents such as NADH and FADH2, which are then used in the respiratory chain to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
- 3.
Componentes de la cadena respiratoria con mas electronegatividad
- A.
NADH
- B.
FADH
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Citocromos
- E.
Oxigeno
Correct Answer
A. NADHExplanation
NADH is the correct answer because it is the most electronegative component of the respiratory chain. Electronegativity refers to an atom's ability to attract electrons towards itself, and NADH has a high electronegativity due to its strong affinity for electrons. This allows NADH to donate its electrons to the other components of the respiratory chain, facilitating the transfer of electrons and the generation of energy through oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Componentes de la cadena respiratoria con mas positividad
- A.
NADH
- B.
FADH
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Citocromos
- E.
Oxigeno
Correct Answer
E. OxigenoExplanation
The given list includes various components of the respiratory chain, such as NADH, FADH, Coenzima Q, Citocromos, and Oxygen. Among these components, oxygen is the only one that is highly positive. Oxygen acts as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain, allowing for the production of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Without oxygen, the respiratory chain cannot function properly, leading to a decrease in ATP production and potential cellular damage. Therefore, oxygen plays a crucial role in the respiratory chain and is the component with the highest positivity.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Primera entrada para que los sustratos sedan electrones en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
A. NADHExplanation
NADH is the correct answer because it is the first entry point for electron donation in the respiratory chain. NADH is produced during glycolysis and the citric acid cycle, and it donates its electrons to the respiratory chain, specifically to complex I. This electron transfer allows for the generation of a proton gradient, which is used to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, NADH plays a crucial role in the energy production process of cellular respiration.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Segunda entrada para que los sustratos sedan electrones en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
B. FMN y FADExplanation
FMN (flavin mononucleotide) and FAD (flavin adenine dinucleotide) are coenzymes that play a crucial role in the electron transport chain, which is part of cellular respiration. They act as electron carriers, accepting electrons from NADH and transferring them to the next component in the chain, coenzyme Q. This transfer of electrons is essential for the generation of ATP, the energy currency of the cell. Therefore, FMN and FAD are necessary for the proper functioning of the electron transport chain and the production of energy in the form of ATP.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Tambien llamada ubiquinona
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
C. Coenzima QExplanation
The correct answer is Coenzima Q. Coenzima Q, also known as ubiquinone, is a molecule that plays a crucial role in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration. It acts as an electron carrier, transferring electrons from NADH and FADH2 to the cytochromes, which are proteins involved in the final steps of oxidative phosphorylation. Coenzima Q is essential for ATP production and is found in high concentrations in the mitochondria, where cellular respiration takes place.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Tiene estructura similar a las vitaminas K y E
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
C. Coenzima QExplanation
Coenzima Q tiene estructura similar a las vitaminas K y E.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Unico eslabon de la cadena respiratoria no unido a las proteinas
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
C. Coenzima QExplanation
Coenzima Q is the only component of the respiratory chain that is not directly attached to proteins. It functions as a mobile carrier, shuttling electrons between different protein complexes in the chain. Its ability to move freely allows it to transfer electrons efficiently and participate in the generation of ATP.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Se aloja en la zona hidrofobica de la membrana interna de la mitocondria y actua como portador de electrones
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
C. Coenzima QExplanation
Coenzima Q se aloja en la zona hidrofóbica de la membrana interna de la mitocondria y actúa como portador de electrones.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Al oxidarse, cede dos electrones al sistema de citocrimos y quedan protones libres en medio
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
C. Coenzima QExplanation
When oxidized, Coenzima Q releases two electrons to the cytochrome system, leaving free protons in the medium.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Componentes adicionales de la cadena respiratoria que contienen atomos de hierro y azufre dispestos de forma cubica con vertices unidos a la apoproteina por cuatro residuos de cisteina
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
D. FerrosulfoproteinasExplanation
The correct answer is "Ferrosulfoproteinas". Ferrosulfoproteins are additional components of the respiratory chain that contain iron and sulfur atoms arranged in a cubic form with vertices connected to the apoprotein by four cysteine residues. These proteins play a crucial role in electron transfer reactions during cellular respiration.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Hemoproteinas con anillos porfirinicos siendo el hierro su elemento esencial
- A.
NADH
- B.
FMN y FAD
- C.
Coenzima Q
- D.
Ferrosulfoproteinas
- E.
Citocromos
Correct Answer
E. CitocromosExplanation
The correct answer is "Citocromos". Citocromos are a type of hemoproteins that contain porphyrin rings with iron as their essential element. They play a crucial role in electron transport during cellular respiration and photosynthesis. They are involved in various biological processes, including energy production and metabolism.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Componentes de la cadena respiratoria que participan en reacciones redox como transportador de hidrogeno y un electron
Correct Answer
FADH y NADHExplanation
FADH y NADH son componentes de la cadena respiratoria que participan en reacciones redox como transportadores de hidrógeno y electrones. Estas moléculas se encargan de captar los electrones y los hidrógenos liberados durante la degradación de los sustratos energéticos en el citoplasma y llevarlos a la cadena respiratoria, donde se produce la transferencia de electrones a través de una serie de complejos proteicos. De esta manera, FADH y NADH contribuyen al proceso de generación de energía en forma de ATP mediante la producción de un gradiente electroquímico de protones.Rate this question:
- 15.
Otro nombre que recibe el complejo 1 de la cadena respiratoria
Correct Answer
NADH-uniquinona reductasaExplanation
The correct answer is NADH-uniquinona reductasa. This is another name for complex 1 of the respiratory chain. Complex 1 is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in the electron transport chain, specifically in the transfer of electrons from NADH to ubiquinone. It is responsible for the first step in the generation of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
- 16.
Otro nombre que recibe el complejo 3 de la cadena respiratoria
Correct Answer
Co Q- citrocromo c reductasaExplanation
The correct answer is Co Q- citrocromo c reductasa. This is another name for complex 3 of the respiratory chain. Complex 3, also known as cytochrome c reductase, is responsible for transferring electrons from coenzyme Q (Co Q) to cytochrome c in the electron transport chain. This transfer of electrons is essential for the production of ATP during cellular respiration.Rate this question:
- 17.
Otro nombre que recibe el complejo 4 de la cadena respiratoria
Correct Answer
Citocromo oxidasaExplanation
The correct answer is "Citocromo oxidasa." This is another name for the complex 4 of the respiratory chain. Complex 4, also known as cytochrome c oxidase, is a crucial enzyme involved in the electron transport chain, which plays a key role in cellular respiration. It is responsible for transferring electrons from cytochrome c to molecular oxygen, ultimately leading to the production of water and the generation of ATP.Rate this question:
- 18.
Complejo en el que entran la mayoria de los electrones en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
Complejo 1
- B.
Complejo 2
- C.
Complejo 3
- D.
Complejo 4
Correct Answer
A. Complejo 1Explanation
The correct answer is Complejo 1. This is because Complejo 1, also known as NADH dehydrogenase or NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase, is the first complex in the electron transport chain. It is responsible for accepting electrons from NADH and transferring them to ubiquinone. As the majority of electrons enter the electron transport chain through NADH, Complejo 1 plays a crucial role in the process of oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Complejo en el que los electrones son transferidos desde el NADH + H ala coenzima Q a traves del FMN en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
Complejo 1
- B.
Complejo 2
- C.
Complejo 3
- D.
Complejo 4
Correct Answer
A. Complejo 1Explanation
The correct answer is Complejo 1. This complex is responsible for transferring electrons from NADH + H to coenzyme Q in the respiratory chain. It contains flavin mononucleotide (FMN) which acts as an intermediate electron carrier. The electrons are transferred through a series of redox reactions in complex 1, ultimately leading to the production of ATP.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Complejo al partir del cual quedan libres los H+ en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
Complejo 1
- B.
Complejo 2
- C.
Complejo 3
- D.
Complejo 4
Correct Answer
C. Complejo 3Explanation
The correct answer is Complejo 3. Complejo 3 is the complex in the electron transport chain where the H+ ions are released and become free. This complex plays a crucial role in the process of oxidative phosphorylation, where ATP is generated. It accepts electrons from complex 1 and transfers them to complex 4, while also pumping H+ ions across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This creates a proton gradient, which is essential for ATP synthesis. Therefore, Complejo 3 is the complex from which the H+ ions are liberated in the respiratory chain.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Complejo que involucra citocromos y que su energia aportada para el bombeo de protones es suficiente para formar ATP en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
Complejo 1
- B.
Complejo 2
- C.
Complejo 3
- D.
Complejo 4
Correct Answer
C. Complejo 3Explanation
El Complejo 3 es el complejo que involucra citocromos y aporta suficiente energía para el bombeo de protones en la cadena respiratoria, lo cual permite la formación de ATP.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Complejo que cataliza la formacion de H2O a partir de los 2 electrones, 1/2 oxigeno y 2H+ en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
Complejo 1
- B.
Complejo 2
- C.
Complejo 3
- D.
Complejo 4
Correct Answer
D. Complejo 4Explanation
Complejo 4 es el complejo que cataliza la formación de H2O a partir de los 2 electrones, 1/2 oxígeno y 2H+ en la cadena respiratoria.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Complejo que contribuye en la formacion de una gradiente de protones para generar ATP en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
Complejo 1
- B.
Complejo 2
- C.
Complejo 3
- D.
Complejo 4
Correct Answer
D. Complejo 4Explanation
Complejo 4 contribuye en la formación de una gradiente de protones para generar ATP en la cadena respiratoria.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Complejo en el que hay una fosforilacion oxidativa (el oxigeno se reduce a agua y la energia liberada por los electrones permite la fosforilacion de ADP a ATP) en la cadena respiratoria
- A.
Complejo 1
- B.
Complejo 2
- C.
Complejo 3
- D.
Complejo 4
Correct Answer
D. Complejo 4Explanation
Complejo 4 is the correct answer because it is the complex in which oxidative phosphorylation occurs in the respiratory chain. In this complex, oxygen is reduced to water and the energy released by the electrons is used to phosphorylate ADP to ATP. The other complexes (Complejo 1, Complejo 2, and Complejo 3) are involved in electron transport but do not directly participate in oxidative phosphorylation.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Inhibidores del sitio 1 de la cadena respiratoria
Correct Answer
Barbituricos(amobarbital), pierricidina A y rotenona (insecticida y veneno para pez)Explanation
These compounds, including barbiturates, pierricidina A, and rotenone, are inhibitors of site 1 of the respiratory chain. They block the electron transfer from NADH to ubiquinone, disrupting the normal flow of electrons in the respiratory chain. This inhibition ultimately leads to a decrease in ATP production and energy metabolism in cells. Barbiturates are commonly used as sedatives, while pierricidina A and rotenone are natural toxins found in certain plants and insects.Rate this question:
- 26.
Inhibidores del sitio 2 de la cadena respiratoria
Correct Answer
Dimercaprol y antimicinaExplanation
Dimercaprol and antimycin are inhibitors of site 2 of the respiratory chain. These compounds specifically target and block the function of site 2, preventing the normal flow of electrons and disrupting the electron transport chain. This inhibition ultimately leads to a decrease in ATP production and impairs cellular respiration. Dimercaprol is a chelating agent used in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning, while antimycin is an antibiotic produced by Streptomyces species. Both compounds have been extensively studied for their inhibitory effects on the respiratory chain.Rate this question:
- 27.
Inhibidores del sitio 3 de la cadena respiratoria
Correct Answer
Acido sulfhidrico (H2S), monoxido de carbono y cianuroExplanation
The correct answer is Acido sulfhidrico (H2S), monoxido de carbono y cianuro. These substances are inhibitors of the site 3 of the respiratory chain. They interfere with the normal function of the respiratory chain, which is responsible for generating energy in the form of ATP. Acido sulfhidrico, monoxido de carbono, and cianuro bind to specific enzymes or proteins in the respiratory chain, preventing the transfer of electrons and disrupting the production of ATP. This can lead to cellular dysfunction and potentially serious health consequences.Rate this question:
- 28.
Evitan la oxidacion de sustratos que comunican directamente con la cadena respiratoria por la via de la deshidrogenasa ligada al NAD al bloquear la transferencia de Fes a la coenzima Q.
Correct Answer
Barbituricos(amobarbital), pierricidina A y rotenona (insecticida y veneno para pez)Explanation
Barbituricos(amobarbital), pierricidina A y rotenona actúan bloqueando la transferencia de electrones desde los sustratos a la coenzima Q en la cadena respiratoria. Esto evita la oxidación de los sustratos que se comunican directamente con la cadena respiratoria a través de la deshidrogenasa ligada al NAD. Estos compuestos son utilizados como insecticidas y veneno para peces debido a su capacidad para interferir con el metabolismo energético de los organismos.Rate this question:
- 29.
Inhibien entre el citocromo b y el citocromo c
Correct Answer
Dimercaprol y antimicinaExplanation
Dimercaprol and antimycin are substances that inhibit the interaction between cytochrome b and cytochrome c. Cytochrome b and cytochrome c are both components of the electron transport chain, which plays a crucial role in cellular respiration. By inhibiting their interaction, dimercaprol and antimycin disrupt the electron transport chain, leading to a decrease in ATP production. This disruption can have various effects on cellular function and metabolism.Rate this question:
- 30.
Inhiben la citocromo oxidasa
Correct Answer
Acido sulfhidrico (H2S), monoxido de carbono y cianuroExplanation
The correct answer is "Acido sulfhidrico (H2S), monoxido de carbono y cianuro." These substances inhibit the enzyme cytochrome oxidase. Cytochrome oxidase is an essential enzyme involved in the electron transport chain of cellular respiration. It is responsible for transferring electrons to oxygen, which is the final step in the production of ATP, the cell's main energy source. Inhibition of cytochrome oxidase by these substances can lead to a decrease in ATP production and potentially harmful effects on cellular metabolism.Rate this question:
- 31.
Hipotesis de fosforilacion oxidativa empleada en la actualidad
Correct Answer
Hipotesis quimiosmoticaExplanation
The correct answer is "Hipotesis quimiosmotica." The chemiosmotic hypothesis is a widely accepted explanation for the process of oxidative phosphorylation, which is the main mechanism by which cells generate ATP. According to this hypothesis, the electron transport chain pumps protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating an electrochemical gradient. This gradient drives the synthesis of ATP by the enzyme ATP synthase. Therefore, the chemiosmotic hypothesis explains how the flow of protons across the membrane is coupled to ATP synthesis.Rate this question:
- 32.
Es la formacion de ATP por transferencia de electrones
Correct Answer
Fosforilacion oxidativaExplanation
The correct answer is "Fosforilacion oxidativa" which translates to oxidative phosphorylation in English. This process involves the transfer of electrons to generate ATP (adenosine triphosphate). It occurs in the inner mitochondrial membrane and is the final step in cellular respiration. During oxidative phosphorylation, electrons from NADH and FADH2 are passed through a series of protein complexes, creating a proton gradient. This gradient is then used by ATP synthase to generate ATP. Therefore, oxidative phosphorylation is the formation of ATP through electron transfer.Rate this question:
- 33.
Porteina por la cual pasan lso protones (H+) a para formar ATP a partir de P inorganico
Correct Answer
ATP sintasaExplanation
ATP synthase is the protein through which protons (H+) pass to form ATP from inorganic P. This enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of ATP, the energy currency of the cell, by utilizing the energy generated from the flow of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane or the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts. ATP synthase consists of two main components: the F0 unit, embedded in the membrane and responsible for the proton flow, and the F1 unit, located in the matrix or stroma, where ATP synthesis occurs.Rate this question:
- 34.
Porcion de la ATP sintasa proyectada hacia la matriz mitocondrial
Correct Answer
F1 - 35.
Porcion de la ATP sintasa proyectada hacia el espacio intermembranal
Correct Answer
F0Explanation
The correct answer is F0. The given information states that it is a portion of the ATP synthase projected towards the intermembrane space. F0 is one of the two main components of ATP synthase, with the other being F1. F0 is responsible for the proton translocation across the inner mitochondrial membrane, which generates the electrochemical gradient necessary for ATP synthesis.Rate this question:
- 36.
Porcion de la ATP sintasa que forma el canal proteico
Correct Answer
F0Explanation
The given correct answer "F0" refers to the portion of the ATP synthase that forms the protein channel. The ATP synthase is an enzyme complex found in the inner mitochondrial membrane, responsible for the synthesis of ATP. It consists of two main parts: F0 and F1. F0 is embedded in the membrane and forms the proton channel, allowing the flow of protons across the membrane. This proton flow is essential for the synthesis of ATP by the F1 portion. Therefore, F0 plays a crucial role in the production of ATP by facilitating the movement of protons.Rate this question:
- 37.
Porcion de la ATP sintasa que contiene el mecanismo de fosforilacion
Correct Answer
F1Explanation
The correct answer is F1. The F1 portion of the ATP synthase is responsible for the phosphorylation mechanism. This portion of the enzyme is located in the mitochondrial matrix and is involved in the synthesis of ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. It contains the catalytic sites for ATP synthesis and is responsible for the conversion of ADP and inorganic phosphate into ATP.Rate this question:
- 38.
Numero de protones necesarios para formar un ATP
Correct Answer
2Explanation
The question is asking for the number of protons required to form an ATP molecule. ATP (adenosine triphosphate) is formed through a process called oxidative phosphorylation, which occurs in the mitochondria. During this process, protons are pumped across the inner mitochondrial membrane, creating a proton gradient. The flow of these protons back across the membrane drives the synthesis of ATP. In this case, the correct answer is 2, indicating that two protons are needed to form one ATP molecule.Rate this question:
- 39.
Numero de protones y electrones que forma cada NADH+H
Correct Answer
6 protones y 3 ATPExplanation
The correct answer is 6 protones y 3 ATP. NADH+H is a molecule involved in cellular respiration that carries high-energy electrons. During the electron transport chain, NADH+H donates these electrons, which results in the pumping of protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This creates an electrochemical gradient that is used to generate ATP through ATP synthase. Each NADH+H molecule donates 2 electrons, which leads to the pumping of 6 protons. These protons then combine with oxygen to form water, while the energy from the electron transport chain is used to produce 3 molecules of ATP.Rate this question:
- 40.
Numero de protones y electrones que forma cada FADH
Correct Answer
4 protones y 2ATPExplanation
The correct answer is 4 protones y 2 ATP. FADH is a molecule involved in cellular respiration that carries electrons and hydrogen ions. During the process, FADH donates these electrons and protons to the electron transport chain, which results in the pumping of 4 protons across the membrane. This proton gradient is then used by ATP synthase to produce 2 ATP molecules through oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, the formation of each FADH molecule involves the contribution of 4 protons and the production of 2 ATP molecules.Rate this question:
- 41.
Principal regulador de la velocidad de fosforilaicon oxidativa
Correct Answer
Concentracion de ADPExplanation
La concentración de ADP es el principal regulador de la velocidad de fosforilación oxidativa. El ADP es una molécula que se encuentra en las células y es necesaria para la producción de energía en forma de ATP. Cuando la concentración de ADP es alta, esto indica que hay una demanda de energía en la célula, lo que estimula la fosforilación oxidativa y la producción de ATP. Por otro lado, cuando la concentración de ADP es baja, esto indica que hay suficiente ATP disponible y se reduce la velocidad de la fosforilación oxidativa. Por lo tanto, la concentración de ADP actúa como un regulador clave en este proceso.Rate this question:
- 42.
Inhibe la fosforilacion oxidativa al bloquear la fraccion F1 de la ATP sintasa
Correct Answer
OligomicinaExplanation
Oligomycin inhibits oxidative phosphorylation by blocking the F1 fraction of ATP synthase. This enzyme is responsible for the synthesis of ATP in the mitochondria. By blocking ATP synthase, oligomycin prevents the conversion of ADP to ATP, thereby inhibiting the production of cellular energy. This can have various effects on cellular processes that rely on ATP, such as muscle contraction and active transport.Rate this question:
- 43.
Inhibe la fosforilacion oxidativa al bloquear la proteina que intercambia el ATP intramitocondrial por el ADP extramitocondrial
Correct Answer
AtractilosidoExplanation
The correct answer is Atractilosido. Atractilosido inhibe la fosforilación oxidativa al bloquear la proteína que intercambia el ATP intramitocondrial por el ADP extramitocondrial.Rate this question:
- 44.
Inhibidores desacoplantes de la fosforilacion (disipan la concentracion de protones)
Correct Answer
2,4 dinitrofenol, dinitrocresol, dicumarol, arseniato, pentaclorofenol e ionoforos (valinomicina, nigericina y gramicidina)Explanation
The given answer lists various compounds that are inhibitors and uncouplers of phosphorylation. These compounds work by dissipating the concentration of protons, which disrupts the proton gradient across the mitochondrial membrane and uncouples ATP synthesis from electron transport. This leads to a decrease in ATP production and an increase in energy expenditure. The compounds mentioned, such as 2,4 dinitrofenol, dinitrocresol, dicumarol, arseniato, pentaclorofenol, and ionophores like valinomycin, nigericin, and gramicidin, are known to have these inhibitory and uncoupling effects on phosphorylation.Rate this question:
- 45.
Numero de ATPS que crea la glucolisis
Correct Answer
2 (Se crean 4 pero se pierden 2)Explanation
During the process of glycolysis, a total of 4 ATP molecules are produced. However, 2 ATP molecules are used up in the initial steps of glycolysis. Therefore, the net gain of ATP from glycolysis is 2.Rate this question:
- 46.
Pasos de la glucolisis en los que se peirde ATP
Correct Answer
Transformacion de glucosa a glucosa 6p y transformacion de fuctosa 6p a fructosa 1,6 bifosfatoExplanation
During the steps of glucose transformation into glucose 6P and fructose 6P transformation into fructose 1,6-bisphosphate, ATP is lost. This is because ATP is used as a source of phosphate groups to phosphorylate glucose and fructose molecules, converting them into their respective phosphorylated forms. The phosphorylation reactions require the hydrolysis of ATP, resulting in the loss of ATP molecules.Rate this question:
- 47.
Pasos de la glucolisis en el que se crea ATP (fosforilacion a nivel de sustrato)
Correct Answer
Ttansformacion de 1,3 bifosfoglicerato a glicerato 3 fosfato y transformacion de fosfenol piruvato a piruvatoExplanation
The correct answer is the transformation of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to glycerate 3-phosphate and the transformation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate. In these steps of glycolysis, ATP is generated through substrate-level phosphorylation. In the transformation of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate to glycerate 3-phosphate, a high-energy phosphate group is transferred to ADP, forming ATP. Similarly, in the transformation of phosphoenolpyruvate to pyruvate, another high-energy phosphate group is transferred to ADP, generating ATP. These reactions directly produce ATP molecules, making them the steps where ATP is created in glycolysis.Rate this question:
- 48.
Paso de la glucolisis que crea NADH
Correct Answer
gliceraldehido 3 fosfato a 1,3 fosftoglicerato (catalizado por gliceraldehido 3p deshidrogenasa)Explanation
The correct answer is the conversion of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate to 1,3 bisphosphoglycerate, catalyzed by glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase. This step in glycolysis involves the oxidation of glyceraldehyde 3 phosphate and the reduction of NAD+ to NADH. It is an important energy-generating step in the glycolytic pathway.Rate this question:
- 49.
Numero de ATPs que crea la glucosa al entrar al ciclo de krebs
Correct Answer
2 ATP ( 1 molecula de glucosa crea 2 ciclos de Krebs)Explanation
When glucose enters the Krebs cycle, it goes through two cycles. Each cycle produces one ATP molecule. Therefore, when one molecule of glucose enters the Krebs cycle, it creates two cycles, resulting in a total of two ATP molecules being produced.Rate this question:
- 50.
Numero de ATPs que crea cada molecula de NADH provenientes de la glucolisis al entrar a cadena respiratoria
Correct Answer
Cada NADH (se forman dos en la glucolisis) creara 2 o 3 ATP (4 o 6 en total) dependiendo de la lanzadera utilizadaExplanation
Each NADH molecule formed in glycolysis can generate 2 or 3 ATP molecules, resulting in a total of 4 or 6 ATP molecules, depending on the shuttle used.Rate this question:
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