Icr - Prvi Kolokvijum

The explanation for the correct answer "Da" is that the key to success in different methods of interaction design is focusing on user thinking. This means that in order to create effective and user-friendly designs, designers should prioritize understanding the needs, preferences, and behaviors of the users. By putting the user at the center of the design process, designers can ensure that their products or services meet the user's expectations and provide a positive user experience.

For good design, it is necessary to have an understanding of both the user and the computer. This means having knowledge of the needs, preferences, and behaviors of the users, as well as understanding the capabilities and limitations of the computer system. By understanding both aspects, designers can create user-friendly and efficient designs that meet the needs of the users while leveraging the capabilities of the computer system.

The correct answer is "Popunjavanje formi". The question asks about the style of interaction depicted in the image, and the most appropriate answer is "Popunjavanje formi" which means "Form filling" in English. This suggests that the image likely shows a form or a user interface where users are expected to input information into various fields.

The correct answer is "QWERTY tastatura". The image shows a keyboard layout commonly known as QWERTY, which is the most widely used keyboard layout for Latin-script alphabets. The name QWERTY comes from the arrangement of the first six letters on the top left row of the keyboard.

In the context of a WIMP interaction, the user has the initiative in a dialogue or interaction between the machine and the user. This means that the user takes the lead and initiates the interaction, while the machine responds to the user's input or commands. The machine is designed to react and provide the necessary feedback or output based on the user's actions or requests.

The correct answer is Xerox Star. In 1981, Xerox Star was the first commercial windows system to be published, not Microsoft or Apple.

The correct answer is 50Hz because flickering occurs when the refresh rate of the image is too low. A refresh rate of 50Hz means that the image is being refreshed 50 times per second, which is generally considered to be the minimum acceptable refresh rate for smooth and flicker-free viewing. If the refresh rate is lower than 50Hz, the image may appear to flicker, causing discomfort and strain to the eyes.

The key to good design is putting the users first throughout all design phases. This means considering the needs, preferences, and behaviors of the users at every step of the design process. By prioritizing the users, designers can create solutions that are intuitive, user-friendly, and meet the users' expectations. This approach helps in creating designs that are effective, efficient, and enjoyable for the users.

The given answer is "Da" which means "Yes" in English. This suggests that the order of items (control, group...) is indeed a part of the design of a view.

The correct answer is "Aktivna" because the term "Kontrola 'Button' (dugme)" refers to a button control, which is typically interactive and allows users to perform actions. Therefore, the button control is considered active.

The correct answer is "Tačno" (True). The question is asking whether WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You Get) is expected for direct manipulation. WYSIWYG refers to a user interface that allows users to directly manipulate objects on the screen and see the immediate results. Therefore, it is expected for direct manipulation.

In addition to the three RGB components, one can represent a color using hue, intensity, and saturation. Saturation refers to the purity or vividness of a color. Therefore, the correct answer is saturation (zasićenje).

The correct answer is "Point and click" because the image represents a user interface with clickable elements, indicating that the interaction style is based on selecting objects or options by pointing at them with a cursor and clicking with a mouse or touchpad.

The correct answer is mp3 because mp3 is a file format that uses lossy compression. Lossy compression is a method of reducing the file size of audio data by discarding some of the information that is considered less important to human perception. This results in a smaller file size but also a loss in audio quality. Gif, zip, and rar are file formats that use lossless compression, which means that the compressed file can be uncompressed to its original form without any loss of data.

The question asks about the speed of reaction, stating that it varies depending on the type of stimulus. The correct answer is "Sluha" (Hearing). This suggests that the fastest reaction is triggered by a stimulus related to the sense of hearing. The explanation implies that when it comes to reacting quickly, auditory stimuli have an advantage over visual or tactile stimuli.

The correct answer is "Hijerarhijska." Hierarchical organization refers to the arrangement of views, pages, or states of a device in a hierarchical structure, where each element is organized in a parent-child relationship. This means that there is a clear hierarchy or ranking among the elements, with some being at a higher level and others at a lower level. This type of organization allows for easy navigation and understanding of the relationship between different elements within the application.

Indirect manipulation refers to the user controlling real objects through an interface. This means that the user is not directly interacting with the physical objects, but rather using a medium (interface) to manipulate them.

The missing element at position (2) on the image is "Prototip".

Due to visual imperfections, the center of the page appears shifted upwards.

The correct answer is "Domen". In the context of defining the concept of interaction, the term "domen" refers to the field of expertise and knowledge in real-world activities. This term encompasses the specific area or subject matter in which the interaction takes place, and it is crucial in understanding and analyzing the dynamics and intricacies of the interaction process.

The theory of memory suggests that the amount of information remembered is directly proportional to the time spent on learning. This means that the more time a person spends learning, the more information they are likely to remember.

Deduktivno rezonovanje se odnosi na proces izvođenja logičkih zaključaka na osnovu već postojećih predpostavki. Ovaj proces koristi pravila logike kako bi se došlo do tačnih zaključaka na osnovu dostupnih informacija. Generalizacija slučajeva ili primera se odnosi na induktivno rezonovanje, koje se razlikuje od deduktivnog rezonovanja.

Communication with other designers is a part of analyzing problems (scenarios). This suggests that when designers communicate with each other, they are likely discussing and analyzing the problems or scenarios they are working on. This communication helps them gain a deeper understanding of the issues at hand and collaborate on finding effective solutions.

The correct answer is "Jezik za jednostavno grafičko programiranje." LOGO is a programming language that is known for its simplicity and ease of use in creating graphics. It was specifically designed to be used by beginners, particularly children, to learn programming concepts through visual and interactive means. LOGO allows users to control a turtle-shaped cursor on the screen and create drawings and animations by giving it commands. Its focus on graphics and simplicity makes it a popular choice for introductory programming education.

The image represents a Dvorak keyboard layout. The Dvorak layout is an alternative to the more commonly used QWERTY layout. It is designed to increase typing efficiency by placing the most commonly used keys on the home row, reducing finger movement and strain. The arrangement of keys on the image matches the layout of a Dvorak keyboard, confirming that the correct answer is Dvorak tastatura.

The organization or connectivity of views, pages, or states of an application can be hierarchical or based on dialogue. In a hierarchical organization, there is a clear structure where views or pages are arranged in a hierarchy, with one leading to another. On the other hand, a dialogue-based organization allows for non-linear navigation and interaction between views or pages, where the user can freely move back and forth between different states or dialogues. Therefore, the correct answer is "Zasnovana na dijalogu" (based on dialogue).

The correct answer is "Prikaza strukture". The image is used to demonstrate or highlight the structure of something.

The correct answer is "Izvršavanje akcija" (Execution of actions). This stage refers to the actual implementation or carrying out of the actions or tasks that have been specified in the previous stages of the Norman's model. It involves performing the intended actions to achieve a desired goal or outcome.

The alphabet keyboard is used for easier learning for inexperienced users.

When the sound comes from two different places, we can distinguish it by feeling the time difference between the sounds and also the difference in amplitude.

The correct answer is "Filtriranje nebitnih zvukova." The cocktail party effect refers to the ability of the brain to focus on a specific sound or conversation while filtering out other irrelevant sounds in a noisy environment, like a cocktail party. This phenomenon allows individuals to selectively attend to important information while ignoring distractions.

The correct answer is "Zasnovana na dijalogu" which means "Based on dialogue" in English. This suggests that the structure is oriented towards communication and interaction between individuals or groups. It implies that the structure emphasizes the importance of dialogue and collaboration in achieving the task at hand.

The correct answer is "5 karakteristika". This means that direct manipulation has five characteristics. Unfortunately, without further information, it is not possible to provide an explanation of what these characteristics are.

The correct answer is "Dejstvom elektriciteta na mastilo". This suggests that the act of writing on digital paper is achieved by the use of electricity on ink. This implies that the digital paper has some sort of technology that allows it to react to electrical signals and create the appearance of writing on the surface.

One theory of forgetting suggests that forgetting is a result of interference from other information. This means that when new information is learned, it can interfere with the retrieval of previously learned information, leading to forgetting. This interference can occur both retroactively (new information interfering with old information) and proactively (old information interfering with new information). Therefore, the correct answer is "Mešanje sa drugim informacijama" which translates to "Interference with other information".

Abdukcija je naziv za zaključivanje o uzrocima na osnovu ishoda. Ova vrsta zaključivanja se koristi kada se iz ishoda pokušava odrediti mogući uzrok ili objašnjenje. To je proces kojim se dolazi do zaključka na osnovu dostupnih informacija i induktivnog razmišljanja. Rezonovanje se odnosi na proces logičkog zaključivanja i donošenja zaključaka na osnovu postavljenih premisa, dok razmišljanje je opći pojam koji se odnosi na mentalni proces razmatranja ideja i koncepta. "Ni jedno od ponuđenih" i "Ne znam" nisu odgovori koji opisuju ovu vrstu zaključivanja.

The correct answer is "Fall-down". When the mouse hovers over a menu bar, a fall-down menu is activated. This type of menu drops down from the menu bar, displaying a list of options for the user to choose from.

According to the given answer, a "slip" error in Norman's model occurs due to incorrect action and can be corrected through redesign. This suggests that when a person performs an incorrect action while trying to achieve a goal, it can be rectified by making changes to the design or system in order to prevent similar errors in the future.

Induktivno rezonovanje se odnosi na proces izvođenja općih zaključaka ili pravila na temelju specifičnih primjera ili slučajeva. Umjesto da se temelji na logičkim izjavama ili pretpostavkama, induktivno rezoniranje koristi empirijske podatke kako bi se došlo do općih zaključaka. U ovom slučaju, odgovor "Generalizacijom slučajeva (primera)" sugerira da se induktivno rezoniranje koristi za izvođenje općih zaključaka putem generalizacije specifičnih primjera ili slučajeva.

The question is asking how many stages of the Norman model are included in each of the two phases. The correct answer is "Tri" (Three). This means that there are three stages of the Norman model in each phase.

The correct answer is "Procedure i postupke" because it means "procedures and processes" in Serbian. This suggests that the order of items can be followed by following a set of established procedures and processes. The other options, "Ne znam" (I don't know), "Ni jedno od ponuđenih" (None of the above), and "Prirodni tok objekta" (Natural flow of the object), do not accurately describe the concept of following a specific order or sequence.

The correct answer is "Objektivan" because the intensity of sound refers to the amount of energy carried by sound waves per unit area. It can be measured objectively using instruments such as a decibel meter. The intensity of sound is not dependent on personal opinion or perception, making it an objective characteristic.

The correct answer is "Thumweel". The image shows a thumbwheel, which is a type of input device that can be rotated with the thumb to navigate through menus or scroll through content. It is different from a touchpad, trackball, or a coding keyboard, which are also shown in the image as other options.

The correct answer is "Se zasniva na upotrebi više komunikacionih kanala" (It is based on the use of multiple communication channels). This means that a multimodal interactive system utilizes different modes of communication, such as speech, touch, and gestures, to interact with users. It allows for more versatile and natural interaction, as users can choose the communication channel that suits them best. By incorporating multiple communication channels, the system can provide a more immersive and interactive experience.

The given correct answer suggests that the change in the perceived angle of an object does not affect the perception of its size. This is known as the "Law of Invariance of Size."

The Normanov model consists of 7 phases, and the second and third phases are "Formiranje svrhe/namene" (Forming purpose/intent) and "Specificiranje akcija" (Specifying actions). These two phases involve understanding the state of the system and defining the purpose or intent of the actions, as well as specifying the actions that need to be taken.

Douglas Engelbart se ne vezuje za nastajanje video prikaza (VDU).

The correct answer is "Prostora problema." This suggests that besides Gestalt's theory, there is another theory called "Prostora problema" (Problem space theory).

The Normanov model is used for modeling interactions between users and interfaces. It provides a framework for understanding how users interact with interfaces and how these interactions can be designed to be more effective and user-friendly. The model takes into account factors such as the user's goals, the interface's functionality, and the context in which the interaction takes place. By using the Normanov model, designers can gain insights into how users perceive and interact with interfaces, allowing them to create better user experiences.

The correct answer is "Glasnost i frekvencija". The explanation for this is that "glasnost" refers to the loudness or volume of sound, while "frekvencija" refers to the pitch or frequency of sound. These two characteristics are fundamental in describing and distinguishing different sounds. Depth (dubina) is not mentioned as one of the basic characteristics of sound in this context.