Velká Francouzská Revoluce

The correct answer is 1789 because this is the year when the French Revolution began. The French Revolution was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France, which led to the end of the monarchy and the rise of the French Republic. It was a time of significant change and turmoil in French society, marked by events such as the Storming of the Bastille and the Reign of Terror.

The given statement is in Czech and translates to "Constitutional monarchy is a monarchy in which the king is limited by the constitution." The answer "ano" means "yes" in Czech, indicating that the statement is correct. In a constitutional monarchy, the powers of the monarch are limited by a constitution, which outlines the rights and responsibilities of the monarch and establishes a system of checks and balances. This ensures that the monarch does not have absolute power and that the government operates within the framework of the constitution.

Marie Antoinetta is the correct answer because the phrase "Ať jedí koláče" is in Czech and it translates to "Let them eat cake" in English. This phrase is famously attributed to Marie Antoinetta, the queen of France from 1774 to 1792. It is believed that she uttered these words in response to hearing that the French peasants had no bread to eat, showing her ignorance and insensitivity towards the struggles of the lower class.

The correct answer is 1. a 2. stavem. This suggests that the privileged states were formed by the first and second state.

The correct answer is "Dobytím Bastily se zásobami střelného prachu" (By capturing the Bastille with supplies of gunpowder). This event, which occurred on July 14, 1789, is considered the symbolic start of the French Revolution. The storming of the Bastille, a prison and symbol of royal authority, by a mob seeking weapons and ammunition, demonstrated the people's frustration with the monarchy and their desire for political change. The capture of the Bastille also sparked further uprisings and rebellions throughout France, leading to the eventual overthrow of the monarchy and the establishment of the First French Republic.

The correct answer is "jakobíni." The question is asking about who established the revolutionary terror. The jakobíni were a radical political group during the French Revolution who were known for their use of violence and terror to achieve their goals. They were responsible for the Reign of Terror, a period of extreme violence and executions during the revolution.

The statement made by Ludvíka XV. to Madame Pompadour reflects a lack of consideration and foresight towards the future. By dismissing the importance of certain actions and suggesting that they will lead to illness, Ludvíka XV. shows a disregard for the potential consequences and a short-sighted approach to decision-making. This indicates a "bezohledný, 'krátkozraký' vztah k budoucnosti" (inconsiderate, short-sighted attitude towards the future).

The correct answer is 3. stav. This is because before the revolution, taxes in France were paid by the third estate.

The correct answer is "podle jeho podobizny vyobrazené na minci" (according to his likeness depicted on a coin). This suggests that the king's attempt to escape was foiled because someone recognized him from the image on a coin.

In September 1791, the king pledged his support for the Constitution or the Charter. This indicates that he agreed to abide by the laws and regulations outlined in the Constitution, which would limit his powers and establish a more balanced system of government. By making this pledge, the king was signaling his willingness to embrace a more democratic and constitutional form of governance.

The correct answer is "Robespierrovou popravou pod heslem 'Pryč s tyranem!'" which translates to "Robespierre's execution under the slogan 'Away with the tyrant!'" This answer suggests that the revolutionary terror ended with Robespierre's execution, as he was seen as a tyrant by some.

Francie bohužel tato území ztratila.

The correct answer is "royalisté" because the question is asking for the supporters of the king. "Royalisté" refers to those who were in favor of the king, indicating their loyalty and support towards the monarchy. The other options, "girondisté" and "jakobíni," do not align with the question as they are associated with different political factions during the French Revolution.

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Madam Pompadour was the mistress of King Louis XV of France. The statement suggests that she was the lover of Ludvík XV, which is historically accurate.