اختبار مادة الأحياء للصف الأول ثانوي

The correct answer is "التسمية الثنائية" because it refers to a system that uses two words to describe the sex and gender and to give a living creature a name.

علم التصنيف يهتم بتعريف الأنواع وتسميتها وتصنيفها بناءً على صفاتها وعلى العلاقات الطبيعية بينها.

The correct answer is "صبغة جرام" (Gram stain). This stain is used by scientists to identify the type of cell wall in disease-causing bacteria, which helps in determining the appropriate antibiotic to use. Gram staining involves the use of crystal violet dye, iodine, alcohol, and safranin, and it helps to classify bacteria into two main groups: Gram-positive (retain the crystal violet dye) and Gram-negative (lose the crystal violet dye). This information is crucial in selecting the right antibiotic treatment for bacterial infections.

الاقتران is the correct answer because it refers to a form of reproduction in primitive organisms where two cells come together and exchange genetic material. This process is commonly observed in unicellular organisms such as bacteria and protozoa.

The correct answer is "البوغ" which means "spore" in English. Spores are dormant cells that are resistant to harsh environmental conditions such as heat, cold, dryness, and UV radiation. They allow bacteria to survive in unfavorable conditions and can germinate into new cells when conditions become favorable again.

The correct answer is "البكتيريا محبة للحموضة والحرارة" (Bacteria thrive in acidic and hot environments). This is because the question mentions that the bacteria live in hot acidic environments with temperatures of 80˚ and some cannot tolerate temperatures below 55˚. This suggests that the bacteria are adapted to high temperatures. Additionally, the question states that some of the bacteria cannot survive in the presence of oxygen, indicating that they are anaerobic. Therefore, the correct answer is that the bacteria are adapted to acidic and hot conditions.

The term "فوق مملكة" in Arabic refers to a super kingdom, which is a term used to describe a group of kingdoms or a higher level of organization above individual kingdoms. It implies a hierarchical structure where multiple kingdoms are united under a higher authority or ruler.

Primitive bacteria, also known as primitive prokaryotes, are classified as bacteria that live in acidic streams and near volcanic vents in the ocean. These bacteria are able to survive in extreme environments and have adapted to the harsh conditions found in these locations. They are considered primitive because they lack a true nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles found in more advanced organisms.

The correct answer states that "real organisms have a nucleus and internal organelles surrounded by membranes." This means that organisms that are considered real or genuine have a distinct nucleus and internal organelles that are enclosed by membranes. This is in contrast to the other options, which either suggest the absence of a nucleus or the absence of membranes surrounding the internal organelles.

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النوع refers to the concept of species, which is a group of living creatures that are similar in shape, structure, and can reproduce with each other to produce fertile offspring in natural conditions. The other options, الجنس (sex) and الرتبة (order), do not fully capture the idea of a group of similar organisms that can reproduce and produce fertile offspring.

Linnaeus developed his classification system based on the binomial nomenclature, which involves giving each organism a unique scientific name consisting of two parts: the genus and the species. This system allows for clear and standardized identification of organisms, making it easier for scientists to communicate and study them. The other options, such as the presence of blood or the size and structure of the organism, are not directly related to the process of naming and classifying organisms.

The correct answer is "المادة الوراثية والمحفظة" (Genetic material and capsid). This is because all viruses contain genetic material, which can be either DNA or RNA, and a capsid, which is a protein coat that surrounds the genetic material. The genetic material is responsible for the replication and transmission of the virus, while the capsid provides protection and helps in the attachment of the virus to host cells.

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The correct answer is "فوق مملكة البكتيريا البدائية + فوق مملكة البكتيريا الحقيقية". This is because primitive bacteria are classified above both primitive fungi and true fungi, as well as above primitive plants and true animals.

The correct answer is "البكتيريا الحقيقية" because true bacteria have a cell wall that contains peptidoglycan and some of them are capable of performing photosynthesis.

Aristotle, the Greek philosopher, is credited with developing a comprehensive system for classifying living organisms. His system, known as the Aristotelian classification, was based on the organization of organisms into groups based on their similarities and differences. This system laid the foundation for modern taxonomy and was highly influential in the field of biology. Aristotle's classification system was considered useful in terms of organizing and categorizing living creatures.

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The correct answer is "لا يوجد غشاء ومعناها ما قبل النواة" which means "There is no membrane and it means pre-nuclear." This indicates that the newly discovered organism does not have a membrane and is classified as pre-nuclear, suggesting that it is a primitive organism without a defined nucleus.

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