The Candid Test On Anthropology 1102-012 Quiz 9

1.

What does ego stand for in a depiction of a kinship system?
- A.
  
  The sense of distinct individuality that is present in any society
- B.
  
  The emotional attachment felt by the people who use the system
- C.
  
  The point of reference used to determine who gets called by what term
- D.
  
  The boundary between one's kin group and “outsiders"
- E.
  
  A gender-free way of reckoning kinship
Correct Answer
C. The point of reference used to determine who gets called by what term

Explanation
The term "ego" in a depiction of a kinship system refers to the point of reference used to determine who gets called by what term. In kinship systems, ego is the individual from whose perspective the relationships are viewed and described. It is the starting point for tracing kinship connections and determining the appropriate terms to use when referring to different relatives. Ego serves as the central figure from which the kinship network is analyzed and understood.

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2.

In a bifurcate merging kinship system, which of the following would be called by the same term?
- A.
  
  F and MB
- B.
  
  M and MZ
- C.
  
  MB and FB
- D.
  
  FZ and MZ
- E.
  
  FZ and MB
- F.
  
  B = Brother, D = Daughter, F = Father, M = Mother, S = Son, Z = Sister
Correct Answer
B. M and MZ

Explanation
In a bifurcate merging kinship system, both M (Mother) and MZ (Mother's Sister) would be called by the same term, which is "Mother". This means that in this kinship system, there is no distinction made between a person's mother and their mother's sister. Both are referred to using the same term, "Mother".

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3.

What makes up ego's nuclear family of orientation?
- A.
  
  Ego's parents and siblings
- B.
  
  Ego's spouse and offspring
- C.
  
  Ego's extended family
- D.
  
  Ego's lineal kin
- E.
  
  Ego's collateral kin
Correct Answer
A. Ego's parents and siblings

Explanation
The nuclear family of orientation refers to the immediate family members that an individual is born into and raised with. This includes the individual's parents and siblings. The term "ego" is used to refer to the individual themselves, so in this context, ego's nuclear family of orientation would be their parents and siblings.

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4.

What kind of kinship is most common in the contemporary United States?
- A.
  
  Matrilateral kinship
- B.
  
  Bilateral kinship
- C.
  
  Patrilateral kinship
- D.
  
  Collateral kinship
- E.
  
  Generational kinship
Correct Answer
B. Bilateral kinship

Explanation
Bilateral kinship is the most common type of kinship in the contemporary United States. This means that individuals trace their descent and family relationships through both their mother's and father's sides. In this system, individuals have equal ties to both their maternal and paternal relatives, and relationships are equally valued and recognized on both sides of the family. This is different from matrilateral kinship, which emphasizes relationships through the mother's side, and patrilateral kinship, which emphasizes relationships through the father's side. Collateral kinship refers to relationships between siblings and other relatives who are not in the direct line of descent, while generational kinship refers to relationships between different generations within a family.

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5.

In kinship analysis, what does the distinction between descent groups known as lineages and those as clans refer to?
- A.
  
  Descent is always achieved
- B.
  
  How individuals define and think about relationships of decent is culturally universal
- C.
  
  Only in lineages do members descend from an apical ancestor
- D.
  
  A lineage uses demonstrated descent while clans use stipulated descent
- E.
  
  Members of lineages do not like to rely on their memory to know who their ancestor is
Correct Answer
D. A lineage uses demonstrated descent while clans use stipulated descent

Explanation
Lineages and clans are both types of descent groups in kinship analysis. The distinction between them refers to how they determine their members' descent. In lineages, members can trace their descent back to a specific apical ancestor through demonstrated evidence, such as genealogical records or oral history. On the other hand, clans rely on stipulated descent, where members claim descent from a common ancestor based on a shared belief or tradition rather than concrete evidence. This means that in lineages, the descent is proven and supported by evidence, while in clans, it is based on a stipulation or belief.

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6.

What term refers to the kind of descent in which people choose the descent group that they join?
- A.
  
  Neolineal
- B.
  
  Patrilineal
- C.
  
  Ambilineal
- D.
  
  Matrilineal
- E.
  
  Bilineal
Correct Answer
C. Ambilineal

Explanation
Ambilineal refers to the kind of descent in which people have the choice to join either their father's or mother's descent group. This means that individuals can choose to affiliate with either their father's or mother's kinship group, and this choice is not predetermined by gender. This is different from patrilineal and matrilineal descent, where individuals are required to affiliate with their father's or mother's descent group respectively. Bilineal descent is a term used to describe a system where individuals can choose to affiliate with either their father's or mother's descent group, similar to ambilineal descent. However, in this case, the choice is usually predetermined by gender. Neolineal is not a term related to the kind of descent.

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7.

Which of the following belongs to ego's patrilineage?
- A.
  
  MB
- B.
  
  MF
- C.
  
  BD
- D.
  
  ZS
- E.
  
  M
- F.
  
  B = Brother, D = Daughter, F = Father, M = Mother, S = Son, Z = Sister
Correct Answer
C. BD

Explanation
The correct answer is BD, which stands for Brother and Daughter. In this question, we are asked to identify the members of ego's patrilineage, which refers to the individuals who are related to ego through the male line. Therefore, ego's brother (B) and ego's daughter (D) belong to ego's patrilineage as they are connected to ego through the male line.

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8.

In a lineal system of kinship terminology, which of the following pairs would be called by the same term?
- A.
  
  M and FZ
- B.
  
  M and MZ
- C.
  
  FB and MB
- D.
  
  FB and FZ
- E.
  
  F and FB
- F.
  
  B = Brother, D = Daughter, F = Father, M = Mother, S = Son, Z = Sister
Correct Answer
C. FB and MB

Explanation
In a lineal system of kinship terminology, FB stands for Father's Brother and MB stands for Mother's Brother. Both FB and MB are called by the same term because they refer to a person's uncles on both the father's and mother's side of the family.

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9.

What is another name for a person's “in-laws”?
- A.
  
  Family of orientation
- B.
  
  Affinal relatives
- C.
  
  Consanguineal relatives
- D.
  
  Collateral relatives
- E.
  
  Lineal relatives
Correct Answer
B. Affinal relatives

Explanation
Affinal relatives refer to the relatives that are connected by marriage rather than by blood. This term is commonly used to describe a person's in-laws, such as their spouse's parents, siblings, and extended family. Unlike consanguineal relatives, who are related by blood, affinal relatives are connected through the marriage relationship. Therefore, affinal relatives is another name for a person's "in-laws".

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10.

What is the name of the family in which a child is raised?
- A.
  
  Family of procreation
- B.
  
  Family of orientation
- C.
  
  Family of nucleation
- D.
  
  Family of exasperation
- E.
  
  Family of perspiration
Correct Answer
B. Family of orientation

Explanation
The term "family of orientation" refers to the family in which a child is raised. This is the family that provides the child with their primary socialization, teaching them values, beliefs, and behaviors. It is the family that the child is born into or adopted into, and it plays a crucial role in shaping the child's development and identity.

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The Candid Test On Anthropology 1102-012 Quiz 9

What does ego stand for in a depiction of a kinship system?

In a bifurcate merging kinship system, which of the following would be called by the same term?

What makes up ego's nuclear family of orientation?

What kind of kinship is most common in the contemporary United States?

In kinship analysis, what does the distinction between descent groups known as lineages and those as clans refer to?

What term refers to the kind of descent in which people choose the descent group that they join?

Which of the following belongs to ego's patrilineage?

In a lineal system of kinship terminology, which of the following pairs would be called by the same term?

What is another name for a person's “in-laws”?

What is the name of the family in which a child is raised?