Pediatrics Lecture 1
Introduction to pediatrics: prevention, philosophy, development, vaccinations
- 1.
What is the definition of primary prevention?
- A.
Measure to reduce the negative impact by an already established diesase
- B.
Measure for early disease detection and screeing
- C.
Measure to avoid the development of a disease or injury by giving immunizations
- D.
Measure to screen the population for a disease
- E.
Measure to eradicate a disease by giving vaccinations
Correct Answer
C. Measure to avoid the development of a disease or injury by giving immunizations -
- 2.
Which of the following describes secondary prevention?
- A.
Measure to avoid the development of a disease or injury- immunizations
- B.
Measure to increase the negative impact by an already established disease
- C.
Measure to decrease the negative impact by an already established disease
- D.
Measure for early disease detection and screening
- E.
Measure to eradicate a disease by giving vaccinations
Correct Answer
D. Measure for early disease detection and screening -
- 3.
T/F Tertiary prevention includes measures taken to reduce the negative impact by an already established disease. An example of this is eye exams to detect abnormalities in diabetic patients
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 4.
T/F Screening tests have a high sensitivity but a low specificity. Therefore, if the screening test is negative you should still get a throat culture.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 5.
What 3 things make up the pediatric assessment triangle?
- A.
Appearance
- B.
Conciousness
- C.
Work of breathing
- D.
Circulation to brain
- E.
Circulation to skin
Correct Answer(s)
A. Appearance
C. Work of breathing
E. Circulation to skin -
- 6.
T/F Screening is a formal test ans surveillance is an observation
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 7.
When do children get their developmental screening exams?
- A.
6 months
- B.
8months
- C.
9 months
- D.
18 months
- E.
30 months
Correct Answer(s)
C. 9 months
D. 18 months
E. 30 months -
- 8.
What ages should children be screened for autism?
- A.
9 and 18 months
- B.
12 and 24 months
- C.
18 and 24 months
- D.
24 and 48 months
- E.
2 years and 5 years old
Correct Answer
C. 18 and 24 months -
- 9.
What does the aconym M-CHAT stand for?
- A.
Modified Category for Autism in Toddlers
- B.
Moderate Children Autism Template
- C.
Methodological Checklist for Autism in Toddlers
- D.
Modified CHecklist for Autism in Toddlers
Correct Answer
D. Modified CHecklist for Autism in Toddlers -
- 10.
T/F A child that is twirling, not social, and makes grunting noises exhibits signs of autism
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 11.
T/F It is normal for a newborn to weigh 7pounds, lose 4-7% of their body weight within the first week, then gain their body weight by 2 weeks. It is abnormal for the newborn to lose more than 8% of his/her body weight.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 12.
With regards to infants, what age does weight double?
- A.
3 months
- B.
4 months
- C.
6 months
- D.
12 months
Correct Answer
C. 6 months -
- 13.
T/F Birth weight should triple by 12 months of age
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 14.
What time period does the most rapid growth occur in a person's life?
- A.
First 6 months
- B.
First 9 months
- C.
First 12 months
- D.
First 24 months
- E.
First 60 months
Correct Answer
C. First 12 months -
- 15.
During the first 6 months of life, an infant should gain between ______ grams of weight per day
- A.
15-30
- B.
20-30
- C.
10-45
- D.
45-55
Correct Answer
A. 15-30 -
- 16.
What is the calorie requirement for infants during the first year of life?
- A.
50-100 kcal/kg/day
- B.
80-100 kcal/kg/day
- C.
100-120 kcal/kg/day
- D.
120-150 kcal/kg/day
Correct Answer
C. 100-120 kcal/kg/day -
- 17.
When measuring child growth and development, the clinician needs to take head circumference measurements until what age? Weight and length are needed during this time period.
- A.
9 months
- B.
12 months
- C.
18 months
- D.
24 months
Correct Answer
D. 24 months -
- 18.
Which growth chart do you use while assessing a child that is between 0-36 months? Which growth chart do you use while assessing a child that is between the ages of 3 years to 18 years?
- A.
Child to adolescent Growth chart and Normal Gestation Growth Chart
- B.
Child growth chart and adolescent growth chart
- C.
Normal Gestation Growth Chart and Child to adolescent Growth Chart
Correct Answer
C. Normal Gestation Growth Chart and Child to adolescent Growth Chart -
- 19.
At what age do you start measuring a child's BMI?
- A.
12 months
- B.
18 months
- C.
2 years
- D.
3 years
- E.
5 years
Correct Answer
C. 2 years -
- 20.
What growth parameters do you measure for children ages 2 years and older?
- A.
Weight, height, head circumference
- B.
Weight, height, BMI
- C.
BMI, weight, height, screening annually for overweight and obesity
- D.
Lipid screening, BMI, and head circumference
Correct Answer
C. BMI, weight, height, screening annually for overweight and obesity -
- 21.
T/F Measurements for obesity in adults are recorded in percentiles and measurements for children are recorded in whole numbers
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False -
- 22.
What percentile in children is considered obese?
- A.
84th percentile
- B.
90th percentile
- C.
95th percentile
- D.
99th percentile
Correct Answer
C. 95th percentile -
- 23.
What is the equation for BMI?
- A.
Weight (kg)/height (in)/height (in) x 1000
- B.
Weight (lb)/height (in)/height (in) x 703
- C.
Weight (kg)/height (in)/height (in) x 1000
- D.
Weight (lb)/height (in)/ width (inches) x 703
Correct Answer
B. Weight (lb)/height (in)/height (in) x 703 -
- 24.
What are common vaccination concerns for parents regarding the Rotavirus immunization
- A.
Autism
- B.
Insussception
- C.
Multiple immunizations
- D.
Guillain-Barre syndrome
Correct Answer
B. Insussception -
- 25.
What does DTap stand for?
- A.
Diptheria
- B.
Tetanus
- C.
Hep B titer
- D.
Pertussis (acellular)
- E.
Pertussis (cellular)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Diptheria
B. Tetanus
D. Pertussis (acellular) -
- 26.
What shots will you give an 11 year old?
- A.
Tdap
- B.
D tap
- C.
Hib
- D.
MMR
- E.
Heb B
Correct Answer
A. Tdap -
- 27.
Due to the shortage of Hib vaccines, the re- emergence of the H influenzae virus has caused type of infection to become more common?
- A.
Hib meningitis
- B.
Hib epiglottis
- C.
Hib pneumonia
- D.
Hib AOM
Correct Answer
A. Hib meningitis -
- 28.
T/F Most kids that die from pneumonia die from a pneumococcal infection. This type of infection is also the most common complication of H1N1.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 29.
Which vaccinations are live vaccinations or live attenuated?
- A.
MME
- B.
MMR
- C.
Hib
- D.
Trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV)-IM Flu
- E.
Tdap
Correct Answer(s)
B. MMR
D. Trivalent inactivated vaccine (TIV)-IM Flu -
- 30.
What are the 4 Cs of Measles?
- A.
Cough, cool, clammy, koplik spots
- B.
Cough, coryza, cool, koplik spots
- C.
Cough, conjunctivitis, croup, koplik spots
- D.
Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, koplik spots
- E.
Cough, congestion, conjunctivitis, koplik spots
Correct Answer
D. Cough, coryza, conjunctivitis, koplik spots -
- 31.
Which immunization has an adverse effect of intussusception?
- A.
Rota
- B.
Hep B
- C.
Hib
- D.
MMR
- E.
D Tap
Correct Answer
A. Rota -
- 32.
Why should you not give an MMR vaccine to a 14 year old female who is pregnant?
- A.
Because the baby will be attacked by the inoculated virus
- B.
Because it is a live vaccination
- C.
Because it is contraindicated to give ANY vaccines to a pregnant person
- D.
Because she will already have had her shots during early childhood
Correct Answer
B. Because it is a live vaccination -
- 33.
Which vaccines are live vaccines?
- A.
T dap
- B.
Varicella
- C.
D tap
- D.
MMR
- E.
Hepatitis B
Correct Answer(s)
B. Varicella
D. MMR -
- 34.
Which disease is characterized by inflammatory salivary glands and orchitis that is commonly vaccinated for at ages 12-15 months and 4-6 years?
- A.
Measles
- B.
Mumps
- C.
Rubella
- D.
H. Influenza
- E.
Polliovirus
Correct Answer
B. Mumps -
- 35.
Which disease is characterized by fever, maculopapular rash, encephalitis, and the 3 Cs (3Cs and a K): Cough, coryza, conjunctivits and Koplik spots?
- A.
Measles
- B.
Mumps
- C.
Rubella
- D.
Diptheria
- E.
Pertussis
Correct Answer
A. Measles -
- 36.
How many doses is the varicella vaccine given in? What ages?
- A.
1 dose, 6-9 mos
- B.
1 dose, 12-18 mos
- C.
2 doses, 12-18 mos and 4-18 years old
- D.
2 doses, 4 years to 18 years old
Correct Answer
C. 2 doses, 12-18 mos and 4-18 years old -
- 37.
What does MCV4 stand for?
- A.
Meningococcal vaccine against 4 serotypes A,C,Y, W-135
- B.
Meningitis vaccine against 4 serotypes A,B, C, D
- C.
Measles vaccine 4 series
Correct Answer
A. Meningococcal vaccine against 4 serotypes A,C,Y, W-135 -
- 38.
Which of the following groups are considered to be at high risk for a Nesseria meningitidis infection? (3)
- A.
Those with CHD
- B.
Those with diabetes
- C.
Those who live in college dorms
- D.
Those who go to boarding school
- E.
Those with a complement deficiency
Correct Answer(s)
C. Those who live in college dorms
D. Those who go to boarding school
E. Those with a complement deficiency -
- 39.
Boostrix and Adacel are the pediatrics and adult brands of what vaccine?
- A.
Tdap
- B.
D Tap
- C.
Hepatitis A
- D.
MCV-4
- E.
HPV
Correct Answer
A. Tdap -
- 40.
What is the function of the Tdap?
- A.
To reimmunize for Measles
- B.
To reimmunize for Rubella
- C.
To reimmunize for pertussis and give a tetanus shot
- D.
To reimmunize for MMR
- E.
To reimmunize for diptheria, tetanus and pertussis
Correct Answer
C. To reimmunize for pertussis and give a tetanus shot -
- 41.
The HPV Vaccine protects children from serotypes ___ and ____. _______ and _______ are the names of the vaccine. This vaccine is intended for both boys and girls at 9 years of age.
- A.
15 and 18. Gardasil and HPVarix
- B.
17 and 19. Cervarix and Wartrix
- C.
16 and 18. Gardasil and Cervarix.
Correct Answer
C. 16 and 18. Gardasil and Cervarix. -
- 42.
T/F The Influenza vaccine is a live attenuated vaccine that children should get yearly started for 6 months.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 43.
What are the immunizations for a newborn?
- A.
Hep A
- B.
Hep B
- C.
Hep C
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. Hep B -
- 44.
What vaccines are required for a 2 month old? (6 total- select 2 answers)
- A.
MMR, varicella, Hep A
- B.
MMR, varicella, Hep B
- C.
Dtap, IPV, Hep B (pediatrix)
- D.
Hib, PCV, Rotavirus
Correct Answer(s)
C. Dtap, IPV, Hep B (pediatrix)
D. Hib, PCV, Rotavirus -
- 45.
T/F The immunizations required for a 4 month old and a 6 month old are the same as a 2 month old?
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 46.
What immunizations are required for a 9 month old?
- A.
Catch up if needed
- B.
MMR and Varicella
- C.
Same as a 2 month old
Correct Answer
A. Catch up if needed -
- 47.
What vaccines are required at 12 months?
- A.
MMR, Varicella, and Hep B
- B.
MMR, Varicella, and Hep A
- C.
IPV, Hep A, PCV, Hib, rotavirus
- D.
IPV, Hep B, Hib, Rotavirus
Correct Answer
B. MMR, Varicella, and Hep A -
- 48.
What immunizations are given at 15 months of age?
- A.
First shots of Hep A, D tap, Hib, PCV, and catch up on others
- B.
Final shots of Hep A, D tap, Hib, PCV, and catch up on others
- C.
MMR, Varicella, Hep A
- D.
Dtap, IPV, MMR, Varicella
Correct Answer
B. Final shots of Hep A, D tap, Hib, PCV, and catch up on others -
- 49.
What vaccines are given at 4 years of age (48mos) and 5 years (60months)?
- A.
Boosters for Dtap, IPV, MMR, and Varicella
- B.
Hep A, Dtap, Hib, PCV
Correct Answer
A. Boosters for Dtap, IPV, MMR, and Varicella -
- 50.
What vaccines are required at 11 years of age?
- A.
Dtap, MCV4, Varicella, HPV
- B.
Tdap, MCV4, Varicella (2nd dose if needed), HPV
- C.
MMR, Varicella
Correct Answer
B. Tdap, MCV4, Varicella (2nd dose if needed), HPV -
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