The correct answer to this question is Herbert Spencer. Born on April 27, 1820, Herbert Spencer had many fields of study including being a philospher, political theorist, sociologist, and biologist. His thoughts and ideas were influenced by many that came before him including Charles Darwin, Jack London, and William Graham Sumner.
Herbert Spencer was also a polymath, which allowed him to contribute to many subjects including religion, ethics, and literature. He had many standout beliefs including evolution being the reasoning for all phenomenons, that society could function without there being a control figure, and that a person's growth required liberty.