The Israeli Defense Forces (IDF) probably do not have the capacity to defeat Turkey. For example, just look at the population of Israel, about 8.5 million, compared to only one city in Turkey, Istanbul: over 14 million. Of course, population numbers alone do not necessarily mean Turkey would win a war with Israel. In March, 2018, Turkey’s unofficial newspaper, Yeni Şafak, stated, “There are 160,000 active soldiers in Israel’s forces, and their defense budget is $15.6 billion.” The issue is really that Turkey would likely not go into a war with Israel alone.
More likely, Turkey would unite with member states belonging to the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC). The OIC is “a collective voice of the Muslim world and the second-largest inter-governmental organization (behind only the United Nations), with its membership spanning four continents.” If the OIC united militarily, “The number of active soldiers would be at least 5,206,100, while the defense budget would reach approximately $175 billion.”