Pha - Autonomic Nervous System Drugs

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| By Sgallagher87

Sgallagher87

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Quizzes Created: 9 | Total Attempts: 15,647

Questions: 36 | Attempts: 279 | Updated: Mar 22, 2023

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Mar 22, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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Jan 09, 2013

Quiz Created by
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Pha - Autonomic Nervous System Drugs

Increases effect/agonist. binds to postsynaptic axon receptor directly and mimicks the effects of NE/neurotransmitter. manipulates adrenergic receptors.

Increases effect/agonist. works on presynaptic axon, increases release of NE/neurotransmitter. manipulates adrenergic receptors.

Mechanism of Action:

Beta-2

Vascular Effects:

Vasodilation

Cardiac Effects:

None but may have reflex tachycardia

Pulmonary Effects:

bronchodilation

Special Characteristics:

Used to treat acute asthma exacerbations**

Mechanism of Action:

Beta-2

Vascular Effects:

Vasodilation

Cardiac Effects:

None but may have reflex tachycardia

Pulmonary Effects:

Bronchodilation

Special Characteristics:

Is long acting**

Mechanism of Action:

Beta-2

Vascular Effects:

vasodilation

Cardiac Effects:

None but may have reflex tachycardia

Pulmonary Effects:

Bronchodilation

Special Characteristics:

Less cardiac side effects than albuterol**

Bind to alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1 and beta 2 receptors

Turn on second messengers which mediate the various effects associated with each receptor

Drugs include:

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Isoproterenol

Dobutamine

Dopamine

Phenylephrine

Albuterol

Salmeterol

Levalbuterol

Cause norepinephrine release but do not bind to adrenergic receptors.

They enter the presynaptic terminal and displace NE from storage vesicles.

Drugs include:

Amphetamine

Methamphetamine

Both displace NE from storage vesicles and bind to adrenergic receptors

Drugs Include:

Ephedrine

Bind to alpha-2 receptors on neurons and prevent the release of NE from nerves**

Drugs include:

Clonidine

Methyldopa

Blockade Mechanism:

Potent alpha-2 agonist

Actions:

Decreases preganglionic sympathetic outflow which results in a decreased blood pressure

Side Effects:

Orthostatic hypotension

Sedation

Rebound hypertension

Clinical Use:

Hypertension*

Block NE from binding to the postsynaptic adrenergic receptors

Drugs include:

Phenoxybenzamine

Phentolamine

Prazosin

Doxazosin

Labetalol

Propranolol

Timilol

Metoprolol

Receptor:

Alpha-1 and alpha-2

Actions:

Vasodilation, blocks sympathetic outflow from the brain

Clinical Use:

Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)

Controls Hypertension

Side Effects:

Postural hypotension, reflex tachycardia, sexual dysfunction**

Special Features:

none

Receptor:

Alpha-1, alpha-2

Actions:

Vasodilation

Clinical Use:

Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)

To control HTN and is the pharmacological test

Side Effects:

Tachycardia, arrhythmias, hypotensive episodes

Special Features:

None

Receptor:

Alpha-1

Actions:

vasodilation

Clinical Use:

Hypertension

Side Effects:

Postural hypotension with first dose**

Special Features:

None

Receptor:

Alpha-1

Actions:

vasodilation

Clinical Use:

HTN, Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck

Side Effects:

Postural hypotension with first dose

Special Features:

None

Receptor:

Beta-1

Actions:

Same as propranolol but with less bronchospasm in asthmatics

Clinical Use:

HTN, angina pectoris, MI

Side Effects:

Lower toxicity than propranolol

Special Features:

Safe for patients with asthma***

Drugs include:

Carbachol

Bethanechol

Pilocarpine

Receptor:

M1, M2, M3, Nicotinic

Clinical Uses:

Glaucoma, miosis for surgery, cataract surgery**

Contraindications:

Where constriction is undesirable

Receptor:

M1, M2 M3, Nicotinic

Clinical Uses:

Induce evacuation of a non-obstructed bladder

Increase GI motility after surgery

Contraindications:

Bradycardia, parkinsonism, epilepsy, hypo/hyper tension

Receptor:

M1, M2, M3

Clinical Uses:

Cystic fibrosis sweat test, glaucoma (miosis/constriction), xerostomia (dry mouth)**

Contraindications:

Bradycardia, parkinsonism, epilepsy, hypo/hyper tension

Drugs include:

Atropine

Scopolamine

Oxybutynin

Side effects are Red, Hot, Dry, Mad

Red as a beet, hot as an oven, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter

Action at Organ:

Direct antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle

Clinical Uses:

Relief of bladder spasms that result in urinary leakage and incontinence

Side Effects:

Decreased sweating, rash, decreased lacrimation, mydriasis

Special Notes: None

Pha - Autonomic Nervous System Drugs

Increases effect/agonist. binds to postsynaptic axon receptor directly and mimicks the effects of NE/neurotransmitter. manipulates adrenergic receptors.

Increases effect/agonist. works on presynaptic axon, increases release of NE/neurotransmitter. manipulates adrenergic receptors.

Mechanism of Action: Beta-2 Vascular Effects: Vasodilation Cardiac Effects: None but may have reflex tachycardia Pulmonary Effects: bronchodilation Special Characteristics: Used to treat acute asthma exacerbations**

Mechanism of Action: Beta-2 Vascular Effects: Vasodilation Cardiac Effects: None but may have reflex tachycardia Pulmonary Effects: Bronchodilation Special Characteristics: Is long acting**

Mechanism of Action: Beta-2 Vascular Effects: vasodilation Cardiac Effects: None but may have reflex tachycardia Pulmonary Effects: Bronchodilation Special Characteristics: Less cardiac side effects than albuterol**

Bind to alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1 and beta 2 receptors Turn on second messengers which mediate the various effects associated with each receptor Drugs include: Epinephrine Norepinephrine Isoproterenol Dobutamine Dopamine Phenylephrine Albuterol Salmeterol Levalbuterol

Cause norepinephrine release but do not bind to adrenergic receptors. They enter the presynaptic terminal and displace NE from storage vesicles. Drugs include: Amphetamine Methamphetamine

Both displace NE from storage vesicles and bind to adrenergic receptors Drugs Include: Ephedrine

Bind to alpha-2 receptors on neurons and prevent the release of NE from nerves** Drugs include: Clonidine Methyldopa

Blockade Mechanism: Potent alpha-2 agonist Actions: Decreases preganglionic sympathetic outflow which results in a decreased blood pressure** Side Effects: Orthostatic hypotension Sedation Rebound hypertension Clinical Use: Hypertension***

Block NE from binding to the postsynaptic adrenergic receptors Drugs include: Phenoxybenzamine Phentolamine Prazosin Doxazosin Labetalol Propranolol Timilol Metoprolol

Receptor: Alpha-1 and alpha-2 Actions: Vasodilation, blocks sympathetic outflow from the brain Clinical Use: Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)** Controls Hypertension** Side Effects: Postural hypotension, reflex tachycardia, sexual dysfunction** Special Features: none

Receptor: Alpha-1, alpha-2 Actions: Vasodilation Clinical Use: Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)** To control HTN and is the pharmacological test Side Effects: Tachycardia, arrhythmias, hypotensive episodes** Special Features: None

Receptor: Alpha-1 Actions: vasodilation Clinical Use: Hypertension Side Effects: Postural hypotension with first dose** Special Features: None

Receptor: Alpha-1 Actions: vasodilation Clinical Use: HTN, Benign Prostate Hyperplasia Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck Side Effects: Postural hypotension with first dose Special Features: None

Receptor: Beta-1 Actions: Same as propranolol but with less bronchospasm in asthmatics** Clinical Use: HTN, angina pectoris, MI Side Effects: Lower toxicity than propranolol** Special Features: Safe for patients with asthma***

Drugs include: Carbachol Bethanechol Pilocarpine

Receptor: M1, M2, M3, Nicotinic Clinical Uses: Glaucoma, miosis for surgery, cataract surgery** Contraindications: Where constriction is undesirable

Receptor: M1, M2 M3, Nicotinic Clinical Uses: Induce evacuation of a non-obstructed bladder** Increase GI motility after surgery** Contraindications: Bradycardia, parkinsonism, epilepsy, hypo/hyper tension

Receptor: M1, M2, M3 Clinical Uses: Cystic fibrosis sweat test, glaucoma (miosis/constriction), xerostomia (dry mouth)** Contraindications: Bradycardia, parkinsonism, epilepsy, hypo/hyper tension

Drugs include: Atropine Scopolamine Oxybutynin Side effects are Red, Hot, Dry, Mad Red as a beet, hot as an oven, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter

Action at Organ: Direct antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle Clinical Uses: Relief of bladder spasms that result in urinary leakage and incontinence** Side Effects: Decreased sweating, rash, decreased lacrimation, mydriasis** Special Notes: None

Mechanism of Action:

Beta-2

Vascular Effects:

Vasodilation

Cardiac Effects:

None but may have reflex tachycardia

Pulmonary Effects:

bronchodilation

Special Characteristics:

Used to treat acute asthma exacerbations**

Mechanism of Action:

Beta-2

Vascular Effects:

Vasodilation

Cardiac Effects:

None but may have reflex tachycardia

Pulmonary Effects:

Bronchodilation

Special Characteristics:

Is long acting**

Mechanism of Action:

Beta-2

Vascular Effects:

vasodilation

Cardiac Effects:

None but may have reflex tachycardia

Pulmonary Effects:

Bronchodilation

Special Characteristics:

Less cardiac side effects than albuterol**

Bind to alpha-1, alpha-2, beta-1 and beta 2 receptors

Turn on second messengers which mediate the various effects associated with each receptor

Drugs include:

Epinephrine

Norepinephrine

Isoproterenol

Dobutamine

Dopamine

Phenylephrine

Albuterol

Salmeterol

Levalbuterol

Cause norepinephrine release but do not bind to adrenergic receptors.

They enter the presynaptic terminal and displace NE from storage vesicles.

Drugs include:

Amphetamine

Methamphetamine

Both displace NE from storage vesicles and bind to adrenergic receptors

Drugs Include:

Ephedrine

Bind to alpha-2 receptors on neurons and prevent the release of NE from nerves**

Drugs include:

Clonidine

Methyldopa

Blockade Mechanism:

Potent alpha-2 agonist

Actions:

Decreases preganglionic sympathetic outflow which results in a decreased blood pressure

Side Effects:

Orthostatic hypotension

Sedation

Rebound hypertension

Clinical Use:

Hypertension*

Block NE from binding to the postsynaptic adrenergic receptors

Drugs include:

Phenoxybenzamine

Phentolamine

Prazosin

Doxazosin

Labetalol

Propranolol

Timilol

Metoprolol

Receptor:

Alpha-1 and alpha-2

Actions:

Vasodilation, blocks sympathetic outflow from the brain

Clinical Use:

Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)

Controls Hypertension

Side Effects:

Postural hypotension, reflex tachycardia, sexual dysfunction**

Special Features:

none

Receptor:

Alpha-1, alpha-2

Actions:

Vasodilation

Clinical Use:

Pheochromocytoma (adrenal gland tumor)

To control HTN and is the pharmacological test

Side Effects:

Tachycardia, arrhythmias, hypotensive episodes

Special Features:

None

Receptor:

Alpha-1

Actions:

vasodilation

Clinical Use:

Hypertension

Side Effects:

Postural hypotension with first dose**

Special Features:

None

Receptor:

Alpha-1

Actions:

vasodilation

Clinical Use:

HTN, Benign Prostate Hyperplasia

Relaxes smooth muscle in the bladder neck

Side Effects:

Postural hypotension with first dose

Special Features:

None

Receptor:

Beta-1

Actions:

Same as propranolol but with less bronchospasm in asthmatics

Clinical Use:

HTN, angina pectoris, MI

Side Effects:

Lower toxicity than propranolol

Special Features:

Safe for patients with asthma***

Drugs include:

Carbachol

Bethanechol

Pilocarpine

Receptor:

M1, M2, M3, Nicotinic

Clinical Uses:

Glaucoma, miosis for surgery, cataract surgery**

Contraindications:

Where constriction is undesirable

Receptor:

M1, M2 M3, Nicotinic

Clinical Uses:

Induce evacuation of a non-obstructed bladder

Increase GI motility after surgery

Contraindications:

Bradycardia, parkinsonism, epilepsy, hypo/hyper tension

Receptor:

M1, M2, M3

Clinical Uses:

Cystic fibrosis sweat test, glaucoma (miosis/constriction), xerostomia (dry mouth)**

Contraindications:

Bradycardia, parkinsonism, epilepsy, hypo/hyper tension

Drugs include:

Atropine

Scopolamine

Oxybutynin

Side effects are Red, Hot, Dry, Mad

Red as a beet, hot as an oven, dry as a bone, mad as a hatter

Action at Organ:

Direct antispasmodic effect on smooth muscle

Clinical Uses:

Relief of bladder spasms that result in urinary leakage and incontinence

Side Effects:

Decreased sweating, rash, decreased lacrimation, mydriasis

Special Notes: None