P25(A)
- 1.
What kind of control mechanism is indicated when increased blood glucose levels stimulate increased secretion of insulin?
- A.
A. control by releasing hormones
- B.
B. control by tropic hormones
- C.
C. negative feedback control
- D.
D. hypothalamus/hypophysis coordination
Correct Answer
C. C. negative feedback control -
- 2.
What is the most common cause of endocrine abnormalities?
- A.
A. malignant neoplasm
- B.
B. infection
- C.
C. congenital defect
- D.
D. benign tumor
Correct Answer
D. D. benign tumor -
- 3.
Choose the statement that applies to Type I diabetes mellitus.
- A.
A. Onset often occurs during childhood.
- B.
B. Relative insufficiency of insulin or insulin resistance develops.
- C.
C. It can be treated by diet, weight control and exercise, or oral hypoglycemics.
- D.
D. Complications rarely occur.
Correct Answer
A. A. Onset often occurs during childhood. -
- 4.
Why does polyuria develop with diabetes mellitus?
- A.
A. increased thirst
- B.
B. ketoacidosis
- C.
C. glucosuria develops
- D.
D. diabetic nephropathy
Correct Answer
C. C. glucosuria develops -
- 5.
What is the cause of diabetic ketoacidosis?
- A.
A. excess insulin in the body
- B.
B. loss of glucose in the urine
- C.
C. failure of the kidney to excrete sufficient acids
- D.
D. increased catabolism of fats and proteins
Correct Answer
D. D. increased catabolism of fats and proteins -
- 6.
What is a precipitating factor for diabetic ketoacidosis?
- A.
A. skipping a meal
- B.
B. strenuous exercise
- C.
C. serious infection
- D.
D. insulin overdose
Correct Answer
C. C. serious infection -
- 7.
Which of the following may cause insulin shock to develop?
- A.
A. recurrent vomiting
- B.
B. missing an insulin dose
- C.
C. eating excessively large meals
- D.
D. sedentary lifestyle
Correct Answer
A. A. recurrent vomiting -
- 8.
Which of the following indicates hypoglycemia in a diabetic?
- A.
A. deep, rapid respirations
- B.
B. flushed dry skin and mucosa
- C.
C. thirst and oliguria
- D.
D. staggering gait, disorientation, and confusion
Correct Answer
D. D. staggering gait, disorientation, and confusion -
- 9.
Which of the following are signs of diabetic ketoacidosis in an unconscious person?
- A.
A. pale moist skin
- B.
B. thirst and poor skin turgor
- C.
C. deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor
- D.
D. tremors and strong rapid pulse
Correct Answer
C. C. deep rapid respirations and fruity breath odor -
- 10.
Which of the following indicates compensated acidosis in the diabetic?
- A.
A. increased serum bicarbonate
- B.
B. serum pH of 7.35
- C.
C. increased serum carbonic acid
- D.
D. urine pH 8.0
Correct Answer
B. B. serum pH of 7.35 -
- 11.
What causes loss of consciousness in a person with diabetic ketoacidosis?
- A.
A. toxic effects of excessive insulin
- B.
B. excessive glucose in the blood
- C.
C. acidosis and hypovolemia
- D.
D. lack of glucose in brain cells
Correct Answer
C. C. acidosis and hypovolemia -
- 12.
Which of the following does NOT usually develop as a complication of diabetes?
- A.
A. osteoporosis
- B.
B. nephropathy
- C.
C. impotence
- D.
D. peripheral neuropathy
Correct Answer
A. A. osteoporosis -
- 13.
How do many oral hypoglycemic drugs act?
- A.
A. to replace insulin in patients with IDDM
- B.
B. to transport glucose into body cells
- C.
C. to prevent gluconeogenesis
- D.
D. to stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin
Correct Answer
D. D. to stimulate the pancreas to produce more insulin -
- 14.
Visual impairment may develop in diabetics, primarily because of:
- A.
A. abnormal metabolism in the lens
- B.
B. macroangiopathy
- C.
C. neuropathy affecting cranial nerves
- D.
D. development of exophthalmos
Correct Answer
A. A. abnormal metabolism in the lens -
- 15.
Which of the following applies to diabetic macro-angiography? 1. It affects the small arteries and arterioles. 2. It is related to elevated serum lipids. 3. It leads to increased risk of myocardial infarction and peripheral vascular disease. 4. It frequently causes damage to the kidneys.
- A.
A. 1, 3
- B.
B. 1, 4
- C.
C. 2, 3
- D.
D. 2, 4
Correct Answer
C. C. 2, 3 -
- 16.
Why is amputation frequently a necessity in diabetics?
- A.
A. necrosis and gangrene in the feet and legs
- B.
B. lack of glucose to the cells in the feet and legs
- C.
C. severe dehydration in the tissues
- D.
D. elevated blood glucose increasing blood viscosity
Correct Answer
A. A. necrosis and gangrene in the feet and legs -
- 17.
How do the different types of available insulin vary? 1. time until onset of action 2. time until peak effect 3. duration of effect 4. source of insulin
- A.
A. 1, 2
- B.
B. 3, 4
- C.
C. 1, 2, 4
- D.
D. 1, 2, 3, 4
Correct Answer
D. D. 1, 2, 3, 4 -
- 18.
Which one of the following develops hypoglycemia more frequently?
- A.
A. Type I diabetics
- B.
B. Type II diabetics
- C.
C. patients with a poor stress response
- D.
D. those with a regular exercise and meal plan
Correct Answer
A. A. Type I diabetics -
- 19.
Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes Addison’s disease?
- A.
A. increased glucocorticoids
- B.
B. decreased glucocorticoids
- C.
C. deficit of ADH
- D.
D. deficit of T3 and T4
Correct Answer
B. B. decreased glucocorticoids -
- 20.
Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes myxedema?
- A.
A. increased glucocorticoids
- B.
B. decreased glucocorticoids
- C.
C. deficit of ADH
- D.
D. deficit of T3 and T4
Correct Answer
D. D. deficit of T3 and T4 -
- 21.
Which of the following hormonal imbalances causes diabetes insipidus?
- A.
A. increased insulin
- B.
B. decreased glucocorticoids
- C.
C. deficit of ADH
- D.
D. deficit of T3 and T4
Correct Answer
C. C. deficit of ADH -
- 22.
What is caused by hyperparathyroidism?
- A.
A. hypocalcemia
- B.
B. tetany
- C.
C. bone demineralization
- D.
D. deficit of vitamin D
Correct Answer
C. C. bone demineralization -
- 23.
What is caused by hypocalcemia due to hypoparathyroidism? 1. skeletal muscle twitching or spasm 2. weak cardiac contraction 3. increased secretion of PTH 4. decreased serum phosphate level
- A.
A. 1, 2
- B.
B. 1, 3
- C.
C. 2, 3
- D.
D. 3, 4
Correct Answer
A. A. 1, 2 -
- 24.
Which of the following applies to acromegaly?
- A.
A. It occurs in infants and children.
- B.
B. It causes excessive longitudinal bone growth.
- C.
C. It results from excessive secretion of GH.
- D.
D. It does not change soft tissue growth.
Correct Answer
C. C. It results from excessive secretion of GH. -
- 25.
Which of the following may cause goiter? 1. hyperthyroidism 2. hypothyroidism 3. lack of iodine in the diet 4. pheochromocytoma
- A.
A. 1, 4
- B.
B. 2, 3
- C.
C. 1, 2, 3
- D.
D. 1, 2, 3, 4
Correct Answer
C. C. 1, 2, 3 -
- 26.
Which signs are typical of Graves’ disease?
- A.
A. facial puffiness, bradycardia, and lethargy
- B.
B. exophthalmos, heat intolerance, and restlessness
- C.
C. delayed physical and intellectual development
Correct Answer
B. B. exophthalmos, heat intolerance, and restlessness -
- 27.
Characteristics of Cushing’s syndrome include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
A. heavy body and round face
- B.
B. atrophied skeletal muscle in the limbs
- C.
C. staring eyes with infrequent blinking
- D.
D. atrophy of the lymph nodes
Correct Answer
C. C. staring eyes with infrequent blinking -
- 28.
Why does diabetes insipidus cause polyuria?
- A.
A. There is increased osmotic pressure of the filtrate.
- B.
B. Damaged tubules cannot reabsorb sufficient fluid.
- C.
C. Excessive ADH secretion is present.
- D.
D. There is a deficit of ADH.
- E.
E. Excessive aldosterone is secreted.
Correct Answer
D. D. There is a deficit of ADH. -
- 29.
Which of the following is an effect of long-term glucocorticoid therapy?
- A.
A. decreased secretion from the adrenal cortex gland
- B.
B. an increased inflammatory response to irritants
- C.
C. hypotension and poor circulation
- D.
D. increased number of hypersensitivity reactions
Correct Answer
A. A. decreased secretion from the adrenal cortex gland -
- 30.
Which of the following is an effect of Addison’s disease?
- A.
A. elevated blood glucose levels
- B.
B. high blood pressure
- C.
C. low serum potassium levels
- D.
D. poor stress response
Correct Answer
D. D. poor stress response -
- 31.
What is the most common cause of type 1 diabetes mellitus?
- A.
A. increased glucose production in the liver
- B.
B. destruction of pancreatic cells by an autoimmune reaction
- C.
C. increased resistance of body cells to insulin action
- D.
D. chronic obesity
Correct Answer
B. B. destruction of pancreatic cells by an autoimmune reaction -
- 32.
Why does glucosuria occur in diabetics?
- A.
A. Excess ketoacids displace glucose into the filtrate.
- B.
B. Excess water in the filtrate draws more glucose into the urine.
- C.
C. The amount of glucose in the filtrate exceeds the renal tubule transport limit.
- D.
D. Sufficient insulin is not available for glucose reabsorption.
Correct Answer
C. C. The amount of glucose in the filtrate exceeds the renal tubule transport limit. -
- 33.
Which of the following are common early signs of a pituitary adenoma? 1. persistent headaches 2. hemianopia 3. hypertension 4. papilledema
- A.
A. 1, 4
- B.
B. 2, 3
- C.
C. 1, 2
- D.
D. 1, 3, 4
Correct Answer
C. C. 1, 2 -
- 34.
Which of the following does NOT apply to inappropriate ADH syndrome?
- A.
A. The cause is excess ADH secretion.
- B.
B. Severe hyponatremia results.
- C.
C. Excessive sodium is retained.
- D.
D. Fluid retention increases.
Correct Answer
C. C. Excessive sodium is retained. -
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May 11, 2013Quiz Edited by
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Mar 29, 2013Quiz Created by
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