Nursing care Of The Client With Special Needs: Addictions
Select the best answer from mutiple choice options.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
When caring for clients who have mental illness, the nurse’s priority interventions are focused on:
- A.
Client advocacy
- B.
Client safety
- C.
Medication administration
- D.
Teaching
Correct Answer
B. Client safetyExplanation
When caring for clients who have mental illness, the nurse's priority interventions should be focused on ensuring client safety. This is because individuals with mental illness may be at an increased risk of harm to themselves or others due to their condition. By prioritizing client safety, the nurse can help prevent any potential accidents, self-harm, or harm to others. This may involve implementing safety measures, closely monitoring the client's behavior, and intervening promptly in case of any potential risks or emergencies.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The nurse is teaching a client about a complicated care regimen to follow upon discharge. The client appears distracted and cannot recall basic information reviewed yesterday. When the nurse asks the client to describe feelings about leaving the hospital, the client states, “There’s just too much to learn. I know I’m going to get home and mess something up.” The nurse recognizes that the client may be experiencing what level of anxiety?
- A.
Mild
- B.
Moderate
- C.
Severe
- D.
Panic
Correct Answer
B. ModerateExplanation
The client's statement about feeling overwhelmed and fearing making mistakes suggests that they may be experiencing moderate anxiety. This level of anxiety is characterized by difficulty concentrating, restlessness, and a sense of being overwhelmed. It is not as severe as panic, where the individual may experience extreme fear and physical symptoms such as rapid heartbeat and shortness of breath. Mild anxiety typically involves minimal interference with daily functioning, while severe anxiety can significantly impair the individual's ability to function.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What change, if any, should the nurse expect in the dietary patterns of a client who is clinically depressed?
- A.
Either overeating or eating little to nothing
- B.
Intake is decreased
- C.
Intake is increased
- D.
None
Correct Answer
A. Either overeating or eating little to nothingExplanation
The nurse should expect a change in the dietary patterns of a client who is clinically depressed, which could manifest as either overeating or eating little to nothing. Depression can affect appetite and lead to changes in eating habits. Some individuals may turn to food as a coping mechanism and engage in excessive eating, while others may lose their appetite and have a decreased interest in food. Therefore, it is common for individuals with depression to experience either overeating or eating very little.Rate this question:
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- 4.
When a nurse is teaching a client for whom Parnate, a monoamine oxidase inhibitor, has been prescribed, which of these instructions is essential?
- A.
Drink plenty of fluids.
- B.
Get at least 8 hours of sleep daily.
- C.
Do not take any medications unless they are prescribed by a health care provider.
- D.
The drug is contraindicated during pregnancy and breastfeeding.
Correct Answer
C. Do not take any medications unless they are prescribed by a health care provider.Explanation
A potentially fatal hypertensive crisis can occur when taking this medication in combination with foods and other medications. Do not take any medications unless they are prescribed by a health care provider.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What are the MOST common types of hallucinations?
- A.
Visual and olfactory
- B.
Auditory and visual
- C.
Tactile and visual
- D.
Olfactory and tactile
Correct Answer
B. Auditory and visualExplanation
The most common types of hallucinations are auditory and visual. Auditory hallucinations involve hearing sounds or voices that are not actually present, while visual hallucinations involve seeing things that are not there. These two types of hallucinations are often reported by individuals with conditions such as schizophrenia or psychosis. Other types of hallucinations, such as tactile or olfactory, are less common.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which type of hallucination is the MOST serious because it often results in the client causing harm to him- or herself or others?
- A.
Auditory
- B.
Command
- C.
Ideation
- D.
Visual
Correct Answer
B. CommandExplanation
Command hallucinations are the most serious type of hallucination because they involve the person hearing voices that instruct them to harm themselves or others. These hallucinations can be extremely distressing and dangerous as they can lead to the person acting on the commands they hear. It is important to address and treat command hallucinations promptly to ensure the safety and well-being of the individual experiencing them and those around them.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Most hospital readmissions for the client who has schizophrenia are the result of which of these factors?
- A.
Injuries caused by self-harming behaviors
- B.
Noncompliance with the prescribed medication regimen
- C.
Side effects of pharmacological therapies
- D.
Worsening of symptoms despite medication and outpatient therapy
Correct Answer
B. Noncompliance with the prescribed medication regimenExplanation
The client with schizophrenia is very difficult to understand and treat because the symptoms can be based on a belief system that has become distorted so that they hold firmly to false ideas or delusions. This makes compliance with the prescribed medication regimen difficult.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of these statements about attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is TRUE?
- A.
It is commonly associated with individuals who have been neglected by caregivers
- B.
It usually disappears by adolescence
- C.
It increases client sensitivity to the environment and surroundings
- D.
It is evident when a client exhibits lack of attention.
Correct Answer
C. It increases client sensitivity to the environment and surroundingsExplanation
ADHD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is characterized by symptoms such as inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. One of the true statements about ADHD is that it increases client sensitivity to the environment and surroundings. Individuals with ADHD often have difficulty filtering out distractions and may be easily overwhelmed by sensory stimuli. This heightened sensitivity can make it challenging for them to focus and concentrate on tasks.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A client who is experiencing complications of anorexia nervosa has a nursing diagnosis of Fluid volume deficit related to inadequate intake of liquids, self-induced vomiting, laxative, and diuretic use. What is an appropriate nursing goal for this diagnosis?
- A.
The client’s intake and output will be approximately equal by the 4th hospital day
- B.
The client will demonstrate increased consumption of nutrients as evidenced by daily weight gain.
- C.
The client will verbalize feelings regarding the disease and coping strategies by the time of discharge.
- D.
The client will verbalize plans for the future
Correct Answer
A. The client’s intake and output will be approximately equal by the 4th hospital dayExplanation
During extreme cases, clients may be admitted for forced feeding, including the placement of a feeding tube or TPN, IV rehydration, and electrolyte replacement. The treatment goal should be that intake and output should advance until it will be approximately equal.Rate this question:
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- 10.
When teaching a client about substance abuse, the nurse would BEST define a substance as:
- A.
A street drug that is frequently abused
- B.
A readily obtained drug that compels a person to overdose
- C.
A homemade concoction that produces desired effects
- D.
A drug, legal or illegal, that may cause physical or mental impairment
Correct Answer
D. A drug, legal or illegal, that may cause physical or mental impairmentExplanation
A substance is defined as a drug, legal or illegal, that may cause physical or mental impairment. This definition encompasses all types of drugs, whether they are obtained on the street, readily available, or homemade. The key characteristic of a substance is its potential to cause physical or mental impairment, regardless of its legality or source.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which population group is unaffected by substance-abuse disorders?
- A.
Female teenagers
- B.
Male professionals, ages 24 to 45
- C.
Older adults
- D.
None
Correct Answer
D. NoneExplanation
Substance abuse disorders can affect individuals from any population group, regardless of age, gender, or profession. Therefore, none of the population groups listed in the options are unaffected by substance abuse disorders.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of these terms describes the reversible effect on the central nervous system that occurs soon after the use of a substance?
- A.
Abuse
- B.
Intoxication
- C.
Tolerance
- D.
Withdrawal
Correct Answer
B. IntoxicationExplanation
Intoxication is the correct answer because it refers to the reversible effect on the central nervous system that occurs soon after the use of a substance. Intoxication is characterized by changes in perception, mood, cognition, behavior, and motor control. It is a temporary state that occurs when a substance is ingested or administered and can lead to impairment in judgment, coordination, and overall functioning.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Which of these terms describes the recurrent use of a substance where abstinence does not cause withdrawal symptoms?
- A.
Abuse
- B.
Dependence
- C.
Intoxication
- D.
Tolerance
Correct Answer
A. AbuseExplanation
Abuse refers to the recurrent use of a substance without experiencing withdrawal symptoms upon cessation. This means that individuals who abuse a substance can stop using it without experiencing physical or psychological symptoms commonly associated with withdrawal.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Over a 12-month period, a client has been arrested twice for driving while intoxicated. The client is able to perform activities of daily living (ADLs) without the use of alcohol and restricts drinking to weekend social situations. This client meets the criteria for:
- A.
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
- B.
Personal bad judgment
- C.
Substance abuse
- D.
Substance dependence
Correct Answer
C. Substance abuseExplanation
Based on the given information, the client meets the criteria for substance abuse. This is because they have been arrested twice for driving while intoxicated, indicating a pattern of harmful use of alcohol. Although they are able to perform daily activities without alcohol and restrict their drinking to weekends, the fact that they have been arrested for drunk driving suggests that their alcohol use is causing problems in their life. This meets the criteria for substance abuse, which is characterized by recurrent use of a substance despite negative consequences.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of these statements about the 19th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution is TRUE?
- A.
It made the manufacture and sale of alcohol illegal.
- B.
It made the use of certain narcotics illegal.
- C.
It placed a tax on the sale of marijuana.
- D.
It required accurate labeling of drugs.
Correct Answer
A. It made the manufacture and sale of alcohol illegal.Explanation
In 1919 Congress passed the 19th Ammendement to the U.S. Constitution declaring the making and selling of alcohol illegal. Prohibition lasted until 1933.Rate this question:
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- 16.
According to the Comprehensive Drug Abuse Prevention and Control Act of 1970, a substance with high abuse and dependence potential, accepted medical use, obtainable only with a health care provider’s prescription that may not be refilled would be classified as which schedule of controlled substances?
- A.
I (C-I)
- B.
II (C-II)
- C.
IV (C-IV)
- D.
V (C-V)
Correct Answer
B. II (C-II)Explanation
A controlled substance obtainable only with a health care provider's prescription that may not be refilled would be classified as Schedule II (C-II).Rate this question:
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- 17.
Primary prevention of substance abuse focuses mainly on which of these groups?
- A.
School age childen
- B.
Adolescents
- C.
Anyone who is presently using drugs
- D.
Current drug abusers
Correct Answer
A. School age childenExplanation
Family relationships play a big factor. Families in which positive parent-child relationships exist generally experience less substance abuse, whereas lack of closeness or involvement between parents and children may lead to substance abuse.Rate this question:
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- 18.
When a person tests positive for drugs, what does this indicate?
- A.
It is evidence of substance abuse.
- B.
It is evidence of drug addiction.
- C.
The person uses drugs on a recreational basis.
- D.
The person has been exposed to the substance.
Correct Answer
D. The person has been exposed to the substance.Explanation
Tests may be done with either blood or urine specimens. A positive test only indicates exposure to the substance.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The student nurse is aware that alcohol is classified as:
- A.
An amphetamine
- B.
A barbiturate
- C.
A central nervous system (CNS) depressant
- D.
An opiate
Correct Answer
C. A central nervous system (CNS) depressantExplanation
Low doses of alcohol suppress areas of the brain that are inhibitory, causing diminshed self-control and impaired judgment. Alcohol is a central nervous system(CNS)depressant.Rate this question:
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- 20.
When a person makes up information to fill in memory gaps as a result of abusing or depending on alcohol, what term describes this process?
- A.
Confabulation
- B.
Impaired thinking
- C.
Lying
- D.
Moral deterioration
Correct Answer
A. ConfabulationExplanation
Psychosocial aspects of alcohol abuse include memory blackouts, secretive drinking, rationalizaion of behavior, impaired thinking and moral deterioration. Confabulation, making up information to fill in memory gaps as a result of abusing or depending on alcohol, is often used to rationalize memory blackouts.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Which of these conditions is NOT directly associated with chronic alcohol abuse?
- A.
Esophageal varices
- B.
Jaundice
- C.
Fatty liver
- D.
Pancreatic cancer
Correct Answer
D. Pancreatic cancerExplanation
Chronic alcohol abuse causes fatty liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and cirrhosis. Liver cells will not function once scar tissue has formed. Esophageal varices are also associated with cirrhosis and can be life threatening. Alcohol damages the stomach and esophagus by irritating the mucosa and causing inflammation and ulceration. Pancreatitis can also occur.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The teratogenic effects of alcohol may cause which of these conditions?
- A.
Cirrhosis
- B.
Fetal alcohol syndrome
- C.
Korsakoff’s psychosis
- D.
Wernicke’s encephalopathy
Correct Answer
B. Fetal alcohol syndromeExplanation
Thiamine deficiency caused by alcoholism leads to Wernicke’s encephalopathy and brain deterioration. Fetal alcohol syndrome is caused by the teratogenic effect on the fetus when a pregnant woman drinks alcohol.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The most advanced stage of alcohol withdrawal, which develops 2 to 3 days after alcohol drinking has stopped and includes symptoms such as disorientation and inability to recognize familiar objects or persons, is called:
- A.
Alcohol withdrawal syndrome
- B.
Delirium tremens
- C.
Detoxification
- D.
Teratogenic effect
Correct Answer
B. Delirium tremensExplanation
Alcohol withdrawal occurs 6-12 hours after drinking stops and may last up to 8 days. Delirium tremens is stage 3, the most advanced stage of alcohol withdrawal, which develops 2-3 days after drinking has stopped and includes symptoms such as disorientation and inability to recognize familar objects or persons.Rate this question:
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- 24.
During detoxification, an alcoholic client becomes hypoglycemic. Which of these actions should the nurse take FIRST?
- A.
Administer dextrose.
- B.
Encourage the client to eat to minimize withdrawal symptoms.
- C.
Give the client thiamine prior to dextrose administration.
- D.
Administer oxygen before starting an IV.
Correct Answer
C. Give the client thiamine prior to dextrose administration.Explanation
Thiamine deficiency caused by alcoholism leads to Wernicke’s encephalopathy and brain deterioration. Correcting the deficiency aids in glucose metabolism.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Which of these drugs when mixed with alcohol is known as the “date rape drug”?
- A.
Valium
- B.
Librium
- C.
Rohypnol
- D.
Seconal
Correct Answer
C. RohypnolExplanation
Rohypnol is known as the "date rape drug" when mixed with alcohol. It is a powerful sedative that can cause drowsiness, memory loss, and even unconsciousness. This drug is often used by individuals with malicious intent to incapacitate someone and facilitate sexual assault. Mixing Rohypnol with alcohol can intensify its effects, making it easier for perpetrators to take advantage of their victims. It is important to be aware of the dangers of this drug and always be cautious when accepting drinks from others.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Which of these drugs is classified as a central nervous system stimulant?
- A.
Alcohol
- B.
Cocaine
- C.
Barbiturates
- D.
Benzodiazepines
Correct Answer
B. CocaineExplanation
Barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and alcohol all depress areas of the central nervous system (CNS). However, if given to a client in pain, excitment rather than sedation may occur. Side effects include drowsiness and residual effects on motor skills. In older adults, barbiturates cause excitment, irritability, or delirium, An overdose depresses respirations and causes cyanosis and possibly death. Cocaine is a central nervous system stimulant and acts by enhancing the CNS effects of the body.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Recent changes in behavior for a woman living in a LTC facility such as poor appetite, difficulty sleeping, and decreased interactions with other residents may suggest which of the following conditions?
- A.
Early Alzheimer's disease
- B.
A drug reaction
- C.
Personality disorder
- D.
Depression
Correct Answer
D. DepressionExplanation
The recent changes in behavior such as poor appetite, difficulty sleeping, and decreased interactions with other residents are common symptoms of depression. Depression can cause a loss of interest in activities, changes in appetite and sleep patterns, and withdrawal from social interactions. Therefore, these changes in behavior may suggest that the woman is experiencing depression.Rate this question:
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- 28.
An adolescent has been using lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD). The nurse is aware that this drug is classified as:
- A.
Barbiturates
- B.
Hallucinogens
- C.
Steroids
- D.
Opiates
Correct Answer
B. HallucinogensExplanation
Lysergic acid diethylamide(LSD) affects both the peripheral and central nervous system. Common effects include hypertension, sweating, loss of appetite, dilated pupils, and dry mouth. Time and distance are distorted. The client will experience hallucinations and delusions and will hear colors and see sounds. LSD creates a state of euphoria or depression.Rate this question:
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- 29.
A learned pattern of behavior and feelings in which a person always tries to meet the needs of others, demand love from others, and manipulate and control the lives of others is known as:
- A.
Addiction
- B.
Behavior tolerance
- C.
Confabulation
- D.
Codependency
Correct Answer
D. CodependencyExplanation
Codependency was first recognized by those working with families of alcoholics. It is a learned pattern of behavior and feelings in which a person always tries to meet the needs of others, demand love from others, and manipulated and control the lives of others. Codependent persons lived based on what others think of them.Rate this question:
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- 30.
An angry client shouts "Everyone here tells me what to do. I can't stand it! I want to speak with the hospital administrator!" The nurse should reply:
- A.
"I'm sorry you feel that way. Is there something I can do to help?"
- B.
"That's not an appropriate way for you to speak."
- C.
"You seem very upset about something."
- D.
"I'll get the director of nursing for you"
Correct Answer
C. "You seem very upset about something."Explanation
The correct answer is "You seem very upset about something." This response acknowledges the client's emotions and shows empathy towards their frustration. It validates their feelings and opens up the opportunity for further discussion or assistance.Rate this question:
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- 31.
A 55-year old male client admitted for drug detoxification and rehabilitation blames his family for his drug use. He states he could easily quit if he didn't have to deal with a wife and 2 teenage daughters. The client is:
- A.
Developing insight
- B.
Mistakenly hospitalized
- C.
Denying his problem
- D.
A misogynist
Correct Answer
C. Denying his problemExplanation
The client is denying his problem because he is blaming his family for his drug use and stating that he could quit if he didn't have to deal with them. This shows that he is not taking responsibility for his own actions and is not acknowledging that his drug use is his own problem.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Nursing interventions for the angry client who exhibits manipulative behavior include (Select all that apply)
- A.
Ensure that the client knows he/she is not in charge of the nursing unit.
- B.
Communicate expected behavior to the client.
- C.
Assist the client to set limits on personal behavior
- D.
Be clear about the consequences of exceeding set limits
- E.
Follow-through with the consequences of behaviors which exceed set limits
Correct Answer(s)
B. Communicate expected behavior to the client.
C. Assist the client to set limits on personal behavior
D. Be clear about the consequences of exceeding set limits
E. Follow-through with the consequences of behaviors which exceed set limitsExplanation
The correct answer choices focus on addressing the manipulative behavior of the angry client. By communicating the expected behavior to the client, the nurse sets clear boundaries and expectations. Assisting the client to set limits on personal behavior empowers them to take responsibility for their actions. Being clear about the consequences of exceeding set limits helps the client understand the potential outcomes of their behavior. Following through with the consequences reinforces the importance of adhering to the set limits and promotes accountability. These interventions aim to address and manage the manipulative behavior of the angry client.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Place the following clients in order of MOST in need of the nurse's immediate attention to the lowest priority of care. a. A psychotic client, agitated and verbalizing anger c. A psychotic client sitting alone, rocking and repeated verbalizing "Help me" b. A client unable to avoid ritual hand washing for > 1 hour d. A client who is smiling but is talking about "the solution to all my problems."(1) ___________, (2) _____________, (3) ____________, (4) ____________
Correct Answer(s)
D, A, C, B
D, C, A, BExplanation
The client who is smiling but talking about "the solution to all my problems" is the least in need of immediate attention as there are no immediate signs of agitation or distress. The psychotic client who is agitated and verbalizing anger is the most in need of immediate attention as their behavior suggests potential harm to themselves or others. The psychotic client sitting alone, rocking, and repeatedly verbalizing "Help me" is the next priority as they may be experiencing distress and require immediate intervention. The client unable to avoid ritual hand washing for > 1 hour is the lowest priority as their behavior, although concerning, does not pose immediate harm or distress.Rate this question:
- 34.
A nursing student is developing a plan of care for the hospitalized client with bulimia nervosa. The nursing instructor intervenes if the student documents which incorrect intervention in the plan?
- A.
Monitor I & O
- B.
Monitor electrolyte levels
- C.
Observe for excessive exercise
- D.
Monitor for the use of laxatives and diuretics
Correct Answer
C. Observe for excessive exerciseExplanation
Excessive exercise is characteristic of anorexia nervosa, not bulimia nervosa. Frequent vomitting, in addition to laxative and diuretic abuse, may lead to dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. Monitoring for dehydration and electrolyte imbalance are important nursing actions.Rate this question:
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- 35.
A nurse is caring for a client who was recently admitted to the hospital for anorexia nervosa. The nurse enters the client's room and notes that the client is doing vigorous push-ups. Which nursing action is appropriate?
- A.
Interrupt the client and weigh her immediately
- B.
Interrupt the client and offer to take her for a walk
- C.
Allow the client to complete her exercise program
- D.
Tell the client she is not allowed to exercise vigorously
Correct Answer
B. Interrupt the client and offer to take her for a walkExplanation
Clients with anorexia nervosa are frequently preoccupied with vigorous exercise and push themselves beyond normal limits to work off caloric intake. The nurse must provide for appropriate execise as well as place limits on vigorous activities.Rate this question:
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Oct 20, 2010Quiz Created by
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