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Q.1)	The ________ pattern of EEG activity is characterized by irregular, high -frequency (13-30 Hz), low-amplitude waves.

A.

beta

B.

delta

C.

theta

D.	sleep spindle

E.

alpha

Q.2)	A person whose brain waves contain high-amplitude delta waves is most likely

A.	in either stage 3 or stage 4 of slow-wave sleep

B.	in stage 1 of slow-wave sleep

C.

dreaming

D.	in stage 2 of slow-wave sleep

E.

awake

Q.3)	All of the following are characteristics of REM sleep EXCEPT

A.	alternating delta and beta EEG activities

B.	loss of muscle tonus

C.	presence of beta wave EEG activity

D.	occasional twitching

E.	rapid eye movements

Q.4)	Which of the following is true of the sleep cycle during a night of sleep?

A.	Each non-REM/REM cycle lasts about 45 minutes

B.	Subjects first enter REM sleep and then transition to non-REM sleep

C.	As the night goes on, the relative length of REM sleep increases in each successive cycle

D.	Stages 3 and 4 of slow wave sleep mostly occur in the early morning hours

E.	Sleep cycles are random across the night

Q.5)	Which of the following is true of sleeping medications?

A.	Sleeping pills can lead to severe insomnia

B.	Insomnia is a disease that is treated easily using drugs

C.	Sleeping pills directly alter the cause of insomnia

D.	Modern sleeping pills can lead to daytime grogginess

E.	All of the above

Q.6)	Which statement about sleep is false?

A.	REM sleep patterns are similar in all species

B.	Sleep is a useful behavior

C.	Everyone dreams

D.	All vertebrates show sleep

E.	Mammals and birds show signs of REM sleep

Q.7)	Healthy subjects who spent six weeks in bed exhibited

A.	No change in REM of slow-wave sleep

B.	REM sleep patterns similar to that of depression

C.	Decreased slow-wave sleep

D.	A significant reduction in total sleep time

E.	Signs of REM-sleep behavior disorder

Q.8)	The firing rates of cells within the locus coeruleus

A.	Are highest during REM sleep

B.	Decrease during sleep and increase at awakening

C.	Are unrelated to behavioral arousal

D.	Are suppressed by sleeping medications

E.	Alter EEG cortical arousal

Q.9)	Damage to the ventrolateral preoptic area would be expected to

A.	Produce persistent REM sleep

B.	Alter male reproductive behavior

C.	Produce insomnia

D.	Impair the control of temperature regulation

E.	Reduce the symptoms of narcolepsy

Q.10)	The first indicator of the onset of a REM sleep episode is

A.	A rise in plasma glucose

B.	Synchronized EEG activity

C.	Rapid eye movements

D.

PGO waves

E.

Dreams

Q.11)	Drugs that excite acetylcholine synapses in the peribrachial area would be expected to

A.	Inhibit stage 4 sleep

B.	Facilitate REM sleep

C.	Promote wakefulness

D.	Inhibit slow-wave sleep

E.	Facilitate slow-wave sleep

Q.12)	The muscular paralysis that accompanies REM sleep results from the activity of neurons within the ________ of the medulla that control the secretion of ________ in the spinal cord.

A.	Preoptic area; acetylcholine

B.	Magnocellular nucleus; GABA

C.	Parvocellular nucleus; glutamate

D.	Magnocellular nucleus; glycine

E.	Lateral geniculate; glutamate

Q.13)	Circadian rhythms are

A.	Annual changes in behavior (such as bird migration)

B.	Learned patters of daily activity

C.	Non found in plants

D.	Endogenous cycles of activity over the course of the day

E.	Monthly cycles of reproductive activity

Q.14)	Evaluate the hypothesis that sleep is a restorative process. Discuss the effects of sleep deprivation and physical and mental activity on sleep.

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