Replication And Protein Synthesis Quiz
We're talking about how to recongize the two major function of DNA as replication and protein synthesis, given diagrams showing a strand base with a complimentary strand. And how to differentiate the process of transscription and translation.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is produced during transcription?
- A.
MRNA molecule
- B.
DNA molecule
- C.
RNA polymerase
- D.
Proteins
Correct Answer
A. MRNA moleculeExplanation
During transcription, the process by which genetic information from DNA is copied into RNA, mRNA molecules are produced. mRNA stands for messenger RNA, and it carries the genetic information from the DNA to the ribosomes, where it is used as a template for protein synthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is mRNA molecule.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is the most likely result to the change in DNA seen here?
- A.
The organism will be unable to reproduce.
- B.
The change will cause a genetic disease.
- C.
The DNA will be unable to replicate.
- D.
The DNA will change code for the incorrect protein
Correct Answer
D. The DNA will change code for the incorrect proteinExplanation
The given answer suggests that the most likely result of the change in DNA is that it will change the code for the incorrect protein. This means that the mutation in the DNA will lead to a change in the sequence of nucleotides, which in turn will result in the production of an altered protein. This can have various consequences, such as the protein losing its normal function or gaining a new harmful function, potentially leading to the development of a genetic disease or other physiological abnormalities. However, it does not necessarily mean that the organism will be unable to reproduce or that the DNA will be unable to replicate.Rate this question:
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- 3.
By what process does a cell copy DNA before it divides?
- A.
Replication
- B.
Translation
- C.
Germination
- D.
Transcription
Correct Answer
A. ReplicationExplanation
During cell division, a cell needs to copy its DNA to ensure that each new daughter cell receives a complete set of genetic information. This process is called DNA replication. Replication involves the unwinding of the DNA double helix, separation of the strands, and the synthesis of new complementary strands using the existing strands as templates. This ensures that each daughter cell has an identical copy of the original DNA. Transcription is the process of synthesizing RNA from DNA, translation is the process of protein synthesis, and germination refers to the process of a seed developing into a new plant.Rate this question:
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- 4.
During transcription, an mRNA molecule is formed:
- A.
That is complementary to both strands of DNA.
- B.
That is identical to part of a single strand of DNA.
- C.
That it is double-stranded
- D.
Inside the nucleus.
Correct Answer
D. Inside the nucleus.Explanation
During transcription, an mRNA molecule is formed inside the nucleus. Transcription is the process by which the genetic information from DNA is copied onto mRNA. This process occurs within the nucleus of eukaryotic cells. Once the mRNA molecule is formed, it can then leave the nucleus and travel to the cytoplasm, where it will be used as a template for protein synthesis. Therefore, the correct answer is "Inside the nucleus."Rate this question:
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- 5.
What kind of molecules carry the instructions for protein synthesis?
- A.
DNA and RNA
- B.
Amino acids
- C.
Liqids and carbohydrates
- D.
Enzymes
Correct Answer
A. DNA and RNAExplanation
DNA and RNA carry the instructions for protein synthesis. DNA contains the genetic information in the form of genes, which are transcribed into RNA molecules. RNA then serves as a template for protein synthesis, with different types of RNA molecules (such as messenger RNA, transfer RNA, and ribosomal RNA) playing specific roles in the process. Together, DNA and RNA are responsible for carrying and translating the genetic code into proteins.Rate this question:
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- 6.
What process is being shown in the diagram?
- A.
Replication
- B.
Translation
- C.
Transcription
- D.
Mutation
Correct Answer
B. TranslationExplanation
The process being shown in the diagram is translation. Translation is the process by which the genetic information in mRNA is used to synthesize proteins. In this process, ribosomes read the mRNA sequence and use it as a template to assemble a chain of amino acids, which ultimately forms a protein.Rate this question:
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- 7.
What happens during the process of translation?
- A.
Messenger RNA is made from DNA.
- B.
TRNA uses information from mRNA to produce amino acid chains (proteins).
- C.
Transfer RNA is made from messenger RNA.
- D.
Copies of DNA molecule are made.
Correct Answer
B. TRNA uses information from mRNA to produce amino acid chains (proteins).Explanation
During the process of translation, tRNA uses information from mRNA to produce amino acid chains (proteins). This process occurs in the ribosomes, where the mRNA sequence is read by the tRNA molecules. Each tRNA molecule carries a specific amino acid and matches its anticodon with the codon on the mRNA. As the ribosome moves along the mRNA, the amino acids carried by the tRNA molecules are joined together, forming a protein chain. This process continues until a stop codon is reached, signaling the end of translation and the completion of the protein synthesis.Rate this question:
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- 8.
What type of molecule is shown here?
- A.
Carbohydrate
- B.
Nucleic acid
- C.
Protein
- D.
Liqid
Correct Answer
C. ProteinExplanation
The molecule shown here is a protein. Proteins are large biomolecules made up of amino acids that are essential for the structure and function of cells. They play a crucial role in various biological processes such as enzymatic reactions, cell signaling, and transportation of molecules. The image provided might depict the structure of a protein, which is typically composed of a long chain of amino acids folded into a specific three-dimensional shape.Rate this question:
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- 9.
This figure shows the structure of what molecule?
- A.
DNA molecule.
- B.
Amino acid
- C.
RNA molecule
- D.
Protein
Correct Answer
A. DNA molecule.Explanation
The figure represents the structure of a DNA molecule. DNA is a double-stranded molecule that carries the genetic information in all living organisms. It consists of two strands twisted together in a double helix shape, with nucleotides forming the backbone and base pairs connecting the strands. The figure likely shows the characteristic structure of DNA, confirming that the correct answer is DNA molecule.Rate this question:
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- 10.
DNA is copied during a process called:
- A.
Replication
- B.
Translation
- C.
Transcription
- D.
Transformation
Correct Answer
A. ReplicationExplanation
DNA replication is the process by which a cell makes an identical copy of its DNA. It occurs during cell division and is essential for the transmission of genetic information from one generation to the next. During replication, the double-stranded DNA molecule unwinds and separates into two strands. Each strand then serves as a template for the synthesis of a new complementary strand, resulting in two identical DNA molecules. Therefore, replication is the correct answer as it accurately describes the process of DNA copying.Rate this question:
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Apr 19, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Apr 14, 2009Quiz Created by
Raleighegypt