AP Psych Sensation And Perception Quiz

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AP Psych Sensation And Perception Quiz - Quiz

Welcome to the world of sensation and perception in AP Psychology! Are you ready to explore the intricate workings of our senses and how we interpret the world around us? Our AP Psych Sensation and Perception Quiz will put your knowledge to the test as you delve into the fascinating field of sensory psychology. From the anatomy of the sensory organs to the processes of attention and perception, this quiz covers it all. Challenge yourself with questions and do share this quiz with other people as well. All the best to you.


Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    Patients' negative expectations about the outcome of a surgical procedure can increase their postoperative experience of pain. This best illustrates the importance of:

    • A.

      Top-down processing

    • B.

      Sensory adaptation

    • C.

      Difference thresholds

    • D.

      Accommodation

    • E.

      Transduction

    Correct Answer
    A. Top-down processing
    Explanation
    The concept of top-down processing refers to the influence of higher-level cognitive processes, such as expectations and beliefs, on our perception and interpretation of sensory information. In this case, patients' negative expectations about the outcome of a surgical procedure can shape their perception of pain after the surgery. This suggests that their preconceived notions and beliefs about the procedure can influence their postoperative experience, highlighting the importance of top-down processing in pain perception.

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  • 2. 

    News about the supposed effects of briefly presented messages on moviegoers' consumption of popcorn and coca-cola involved false claims regarding:

    • A.

      Subliminal stimulation

    • B.

      Parallel processing

    • C.

      Sensory interaction

    • D.

      Kinesthesis

    • E.

      Difference threshold

    Correct Answer
    A. Subliminal stimulation
    Explanation
    The correct answer is subliminal stimulation. Subliminal stimulation refers to the presentation of stimuli below the threshold of conscious awareness. The news in question falsely claimed that briefly presented messages during movies could influence moviegoers' consumption of popcorn and coca-cola. However, research has shown that subliminal messages do not have a significant impact on consumer behavior.

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  • 3. 

    Mrs. Acheube is just beginning to experience sensorineural hearing loss. She is likely to have the greatest difficulty hearing sounds of _______ frequency and ___________ amplitude

    • A.

      High; low

    • B.

      High; high

    • C.

      Low; low

    • D.

      Low; high

    Correct Answer
    A. High; low
    Explanation
    As Mrs. Acheube is experiencing sensorineural hearing loss, it means that there is damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve. This type of hearing loss typically affects the ability to hear high-frequency sounds. Therefore, Mrs. Acheube is likely to have the greatest difficulty hearing sounds of high frequency. Additionally, sensorineural hearing loss often results in a reduced ability to hear soft or low-amplitude sounds. Hence, Mrs. Acheube is also likely to struggle with sounds of low amplitude.

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  • 4. 

    Sensation is to _______ as perception is to __________.

    • A.

      Recognizing a stimulus; interpreting a stimulus

    • B.

      Seeing; hearing

    • C.

      Detecting a stimulus; recognizing a stimulus

    • D.

      Interpreting a stimulus; detecting a stimulus

    Correct Answer
    C. Detecting a stimulus; recognizing a stimulus
    Explanation
    Sensation refers to the process of detecting a stimulus through our sensory organs, such as seeing, hearing, or feeling something. On the other hand, perception involves the interpretation and recognition of the stimulus that has been detected. Therefore, the correct answer is "detecting a stimulus; recognizing a stimulus."

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  • 5. 

    Cones are to vision as ________ are to audition

    • A.

      Semicircular canals

    • B.

      Oval windows

    • C.

      Hair cells

    • D.

      Cochleas

    • E.

      Eardrums

    Correct Answer
    C. Hair cells
    Explanation
    Cones are the photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for color vision and visual acuity. Similarly, hair cells are the sensory cells in the cochlea of the inner ear that are responsible for detecting sound vibrations and converting them into electrical signals for audition. Just as cones play a crucial role in vision, hair cells play a crucial role in audition by detecting different frequencies and intensities of sound. Therefore, hair cells are to audition what cones are to vision.

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  • 6. 

    Current research on sensory restriction indicates that:

    • A.

      Two days of sensory monotony typically results in a person experiencing dramatic hallucinations

    • B.

      Sensory monotony makes people less sensitive to new and changing sensory inputs

    • C.

      A day or two of sensory monotony makes people highly vulnerable to brainwashing

    • D.

      A day of sensory monotony can reduce stress and facilitate self-control

    Correct Answer
    D. A day of sensory monotony can reduce stress and facilitate self-control
    Explanation
    Research on sensory restriction suggests that a day of sensory monotony can reduce stress and facilitate self-control. This means that when individuals are exposed to a lack of sensory stimulation for a short period of time, it can have a positive effect on their stress levels and ability to regulate their behavior. This finding implies that sensory monotony may have potential benefits in promoting relaxation and improving self-discipline.

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  • 7. 

    Assuming that the visual systems of humans and other mammals function similarly, you would expect the retina of a nocturnal mammal (one active only at night) would contain:

    • A.

      Mostly rods

    • B.

      An equal number of rods and cones

    • C.

      More bipolar cells than an animal active only during the day

    • D.

      Mostly cones

    Correct Answer
    A. Mostly rods
    Explanation
    The retina of a nocturnal mammal would contain mostly rods. Rods are photoreceptor cells that are responsible for vision in low light conditions. Since nocturnal mammals are active at night when light levels are low, they rely heavily on rods for their vision. Cones, on the other hand, are responsible for color vision and work best in bright light. Therefore, it is unlikely that a nocturnal mammal would have mostly cones in its retina.

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  • 8. 

    Rod is to transduction as ___________ is to accommodation.

    • A.

      Iris

    • B.

      Cornea

    • C.

      Pupil

    • D.

      Lens

    • E.

      Cone

    Correct Answer
    D. Lens
    Explanation
    The analogy in the question is comparing two different processes. Rods are responsible for transduction, which is the process of converting light into electrical signals in the retina. Similarly, the lens is responsible for accommodation, which is the process of adjusting its shape to focus light onto the retina. Therefore, the correct answer is lens.

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  • 9. 

    According to the gate-control theory, a back massage would most likely reduce your physical aches and pains by causing the:

    • A.

      Deactivation of the pain receptors on the surface of your skin

    • B.

      Arousal of your autonomic nervous system and the release of adrenaline into your bloodstream

    • C.

      Release of pain-killing endorphins in your brain

    • D.

      Activation of specific neural fibers in your spinal cord

    Correct Answer
    D. Activation of specific neural fibers in your spinal cord
    Explanation
    According to the gate-control theory, a back massage would most likely reduce physical aches and pains by activating specific neural fibers in the spinal cord. This theory suggests that these fibers can either open or close a "gate" that controls the transmission of pain signals to the brain. By stimulating these specific fibers through a massage, it is believed that the gate can be closed, reducing the transmission of pain signals and ultimately relieving physical discomfort.

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  • 10. 

    Humans experience the longest visible electromagnetic waves as the color __________ and the shortest visible waves as _________.

    • A.

      Black; white

    • B.

      Red; green

    • C.

      Red; blue-violet

    • D.

      Blue; yellow

    • E.

      Blue-violet; red

    Correct Answer
    C. Red; blue-violet
    Explanation
    Human eyes perceive the longest visible electromagnetic waves as red and the shortest visible waves as blue-violet. This is because different wavelengths of light are associated with different colors. Red light has a longer wavelength and lower frequency, while blue-violet light has a shorter wavelength and higher frequency. The human eye is most sensitive to these two ends of the visible spectrum, which is why we perceive them as distinct colors.

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  • 11. 

    Which of the following correctly lists the order of structures through which sound travels after entering the ear?

    • A.

      Eardrum, auditory canal, middle ear, cochlea

    • B.

      Auditory canal, middle ear, eardrum, cochlea

    • C.

      Auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea

    • D.

      Eardrum, middle ear, cochlea, auditory canal

    • E.

      Cochlea, eardrum, middle ear, auditory canal

    Correct Answer
    C. Auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea
    Explanation
    Sound waves enter the ear through the auditory canal, then they reach the eardrum. The eardrum vibrates in response to the sound waves and transfers these vibrations to the middle ear. The middle ear consists of three small bones called the ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) which amplify the vibrations and transmit them to the cochlea. The cochlea is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains fluid and hair cells. It is responsible for converting the vibrations into electrical signals that can be interpreted by the brain as sound. Therefore, the correct order of structures through which sound travels after entering the ear is auditory canal, eardrum, middle ear, cochlea.

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  • 12. 

    The transduction of light energy into nerve impulses takes place in the:

    • A.

      Rods

    • B.

      Iris

    • C.

      Lens

    • D.

      Retina

    • E.

      Optic nerve

    Correct Answer
    D. Retina
    Explanation
    The retina is responsible for the transduction of light energy into nerve impulses. It contains specialized cells called rods and cones that detect light and convert it into electrical signals. These signals are then transmitted to the brain through the optic nerve, where they are interpreted as visual information. The other options mentioned, such as the iris and lens, play important roles in the process of vision but are not directly involved in the transduction of light energy into nerve impulses.

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  • 13. 

    Joe, age 55, has been told by experts that a hearing aid would restore his lost sense of hearing. It is likely that Joe's hearing loss involves problems within the:

    • A.

      Middle ear

    • B.

      Basilar membrane

    • C.

      Auditory nerve

    • D.

      Inner ear

    Correct Answer
    A. Middle ear
    Explanation
    Joe's hearing loss likely involves problems within the middle ear. The middle ear is responsible for transmitting sound vibrations from the outer ear to the inner ear. If there are issues within the middle ear, such as damage to the eardrum or the tiny bones (ossicles) that conduct sound, it can result in hearing loss. A hearing aid can help amplify sound and compensate for these problems in the middle ear, allowing Joe to regain his sense of hearing.

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  • 14. 

    Visual information is processed by __________ before it is processed by _________.

    • A.

      Bipolar cells; rods, and cones

    • B.

      Feature detectors; bipolar cells

    • C.

      Feature detectors; rods, and cones

    • D.

      The optic nerve; ganglion cells

    • E.

      Ganglion cells; feature detectors

    Correct Answer
    E. Ganglion cells; feature detectors
    Explanation
    Visual information is processed by ganglion cells before it is processed by feature detectors. Ganglion cells are located in the retina and receive input from bipolar cells, which in turn receive input from rods and cones. Ganglion cells then transmit this information to the brain via the optic nerve. Feature detectors are specialized cells in the visual cortex that respond to specific visual features such as edges, angles, and colors. Therefore, ganglion cells process the initial visual information and transmit it to the feature detectors for further processing and analysis.

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  • 15. 

    Ms. S, a recent stroke victim, cannot consciously perceive the large book on the coffee table in front of her. Yet, when urged to identify the book, she correctly reads aloud the printed title on the book cover. Her response best illustrates:

    • A.

      Sensory adaptation

    • B.

      Sensory interaction

    • C.

      Subliminal perception

    • D.

      The illusory truth effect

    • E.

      Blindsight

    Correct Answer
    E. Blindsight
    Explanation
    Blindsight is the ability to respond to visual stimuli without consciously perceiving them. In this case, Ms. S, despite not being able to consciously perceive the book, is able to correctly read aloud the printed title on the book cover. This suggests that she is experiencing blindsight, where her brain is processing visual information without her conscious awareness.

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  • 16. 

    Because several rods share a single bipolar cell, rods are less sensitive to _________ than are cones.

    • A.

      Bright light

    • B.

      Dim light

    • C.

      Fine detail

    • D.

      Color

    Correct Answer
    C. Fine detail
    Explanation
    Rods are photoreceptor cells in the retina that are responsible for vision in low light conditions. They are more sensitive to dim light than cones, which are responsible for color vision and fine detail. Since multiple rods share a single bipolar cell, their ability to capture fine detail is reduced compared to cones. Therefore, rods are less sensitive to fine detail than cones.

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  • 17. 

    The fact that people who are colorblind to red and green may still see yellow is most easily explained by:

    • A.

      The gate-control theory

    • B.

      The opponent-process theory

    • C.

      Place theory

    • D.

      Frequency theory

    • E.

      The young-helmholtz theory

    Correct Answer
    B. The opponent-process theory
    Explanation
    The opponent-process theory suggests that color vision is based on opposing pairs of colors, such as red-green and blue-yellow. According to this theory, when someone is colorblind to red and green, it means that the red-green color receptors in their eyes are not functioning properly. However, they can still see yellow because it is perceived through the blue-yellow color receptors, which are unaffected. This theory explains why individuals who are colorblind to red and green can still perceive yellow.

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  • 18. 

    The receptor of the eye that functions best in dim light is:

    • A.

      Fovea

    • B.

      Bipolar cell

    • C.

      Ganglion cell

    • D.

      Rod

    • E.

      Cone

    Correct Answer
    D. Rod
    Explanation
    Rods are photoreceptor cells located in the retina of the eye that are responsible for vision in low light conditions. They are more sensitive to light than cones, which are responsible for color vision and function best in bright light. The high concentration of rods in the peripheral retina allows for better detection of dim light sources in the periphery of our visual field. Therefore, rods are the receptor of the eye that functions best in dim light.

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  • 19. 

    The study of perception is primarily concerned with how we:

    • A.

      Detect sights, sounds, and other stimuli

    • B.

      Sense environmental stimuli

    • C.

      Interpret sensory stimuli

    • D.

      Develop sensitivity to illusions

    Correct Answer
    C. Interpret sensory stimuli
    Explanation
    The study of perception focuses on understanding how we interpret sensory stimuli. This involves analyzing how our brain processes and makes sense of the information received from our senses. By studying perception, we aim to uncover the mechanisms behind how we perceive and understand the world around us, including visual, auditory, and other sensory stimuli.

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  • 20. 

    When the moon is near the horizon, it appears larger than when it is high in the sky. This effect is primarily a result of:

    • A.

      Distance cues, which make the horizon moon seem farther away

    • B.

      The scattering of the horizon moon's light waves, which penetrate the atmosphere at an angle

    • C.

      The brighter appearance of the horizon moon

    • D.

      The slightly dimmer appearance of the horizon moon

    Correct Answer
    A. Distance cues, which make the horizon moon seem farther away
    Explanation
    When the moon is near the horizon, it appears larger than when it is high in the sky due to distance cues. These cues make the horizon moon seem farther away. As the moon is closer to the horizon, it is compared to objects on the ground such as trees, buildings, or mountains. This comparison creates a visual illusion where the moon appears larger in size. In contrast, when the moon is high in the sky, there are no objects nearby for comparison, making it appear smaller. Therefore, the distance cues play a significant role in the perceived size of the moon when it is near the horizon.

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  • 21. 

    Studies of the visual cliff have provided evidence that much of depth perception is:

    • A.

      Innate in humans, learned in lower animals

    • B.

      Innate

    • C.

      Learned

    • D.

      Innate in lower animals, learned in humans

    Correct Answer
    B. Innate
    Explanation
    The visual cliff studies have shown that depth perception is innate in humans. This means that humans are born with the ability to perceive depth and understand the difference between objects that are close and far away. The studies also suggest that lower animals, on the other hand, learn depth perception through experience and observation. This explanation is supported by the evidence gathered from the visual cliff experiments, where infants and animals showed a natural aversion to the "cliff" edge, indicating an innate understanding of depth.

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  • 22. 

    The lights along the runway were shrouded in such a thick fog that the pilot of an incoming plane nearly overshot the runway. The pilot was most likely misled by the distance cue known as:

    • A.

      Relative clarity

    • B.

      Convergence

    • C.

      Linear perspective

    • D.

      Interposition

    • E.

      Lightness constancy

    Correct Answer
    A. Relative clarity
    Explanation
    The pilot was most likely misled by the distance cue known as relative clarity. Relative clarity refers to the perception of objects becoming less clear or hazy as they move further away. In this case, the thick fog shrouding the lights along the runway would have made them appear less clear, leading the pilot to misjudge the distance and nearly overshoot the runway.

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  • 23. 

    The term GESTALT means:

    • A.

      Visual capture

    • B.

      Sensation

    • C.

      Grouping

    • D.

      Perception

    • E.

      Whole

    Correct Answer
    E. Whole
    Explanation
    The term GESTALT refers to perceiving or understanding something as a whole rather than just the sum of its parts. It emphasizes the importance of the overall structure and organization in perception and cognition. In the context of this question, "whole" accurately represents the meaning of GESTALT. It implies that the term encompasses the concept of perceiving and comprehending things in their entirety rather than focusing on individual elements or details.

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  • 24. 

    The ability to adjust to an artificially displaced or even inverted visual field is called:

    • A.

      Selective attention

    • B.

      Shape constancy

    • C.

      Visual capture

    • D.

      Perceptual set

    • E.

      Perceptual adaptation

    Correct Answer
    E. Perceptual adaptation
    Explanation
    Perceptual adaptation refers to the ability of the visual system to adjust and adapt to changes in the visual field, such as when it is artificially displaced or inverted. This adaptation allows individuals to perceive and make sense of their surroundings despite the changes in the visual input. It involves the brain's ability to reorganize and recalibrate its processing mechanisms to accommodate the new visual information, ultimately leading to a more accurate perception of the environment.

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  • 25. 

    As the airplane descended for a landing, the pilot saw several beautiful islands that appeared to float in a vast expanse of blue ocean water. In this instance, the ocean is a:

    • A.

      Perceptual set

    • B.

      Ground

    • C.

      Figure

    • D.

      Gestalt

    Correct Answer
    B. Ground
    Explanation
    In this instance, the ocean is considered the "ground" because it serves as the background or base against which the islands, which are the "figure," stand out. The ground is the less prominent or less noticeable aspect of a visual scene, while the figure is the more prominent or noticeable element. In this scenario, the islands are the main focus, while the ocean serves as the supporting background.

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  • 26. 

    Young children tend to draw human figures in a rather unrealistic way. This reflects their:

    • A.

      Linear perspective

    • B.

      Perceptual adaptations

    • C.

      Perceptual schemas

    • D.

      Selective attention to legs and feet

    • E.

      Selective attention to monocular cues

    Correct Answer
    C. Perceptual schemas
    Explanation
    Young children tend to draw human figures in a rather unrealistic way because their cognitive development is still in the early stages. They have not yet fully developed the ability to accurately perceive and represent proportions, details, and depth in their drawings. Their perceptual schemas, or mental frameworks for organizing and interpreting sensory information, are still developing, leading them to simplify and distort their drawings of human figures. This is why their drawings often lack realistic proportions and details.

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  • 27. 

    The perception of the letter "t" as two interesting lines rather than as four nonintersecting lines illustrates the principle of:

    • A.

      Proximity

    • B.

      Similarity

    • C.

      Continuity

    • D.

      Convergence

    • E.

      Closure

    Correct Answer
    C. Continuity
    Explanation
    Continuity refers to our tendency to perceive objects as continuous and flowing, even when they are interrupted or incomplete. In the case of the letter "t," our brain automatically fills in the missing parts and perceives it as two interesting lines instead of four nonintersecting lines. This principle of continuity helps us make sense of the world by organizing fragmented visual information into cohesive and meaningful forms.

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  • 28. 

    In the absence of perceptual constancy:

    • A.

      Depth perception would be impossible

    • B.

      Depth perception would be based exclusively on binocular cues

    • C.

      Objects would appear to change size as their distance from us changed

    • D.

      Depth perception would be based exclusively on monocular cues

    Correct Answer
    C. Objects would appear to change size as their distance from us changed
    Explanation
    In the absence of perceptual constancy, objects would appear to change size as their distance from us changed. Perceptual constancy refers to our ability to perceive objects as having a consistent size, shape, and color, regardless of changes in their distance or viewing angle. Without perceptual constancy, our perception of an object's size would change as it moved closer or farther away from us. This would make it difficult to accurately judge the depth or distance of objects in our environment.

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  • 29. 

    Who emphasized that perceptual understanding comes from inborn ways of organizing sensory experience?

    • A.

      Freud

    • B.

      Locke

    • C.

      Kant

    • D.

      Aristotle

    Correct Answer
    C. Kant
    Explanation
    Kant emphasized that perceptual understanding comes from inborn ways of organizing sensory experience. He believed that our minds have innate structures that shape our perception of the world, and that these structures are responsible for organizing our sensory experiences into meaningful concepts and categories. According to Kant, our understanding of the world is not solely derived from our sensory experiences, but also from our innate cognitive abilities. This idea of innate structures influencing perception is known as Kantianism.

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  • 30. 

    Although a few keys on the piano were broken, Shana couldn't prevent herself from mentally filling in the missing notes of the familiar melodies. This best illustrates the principle of:

    • A.

      Convergence

    • B.

      Interposition

    • C.

      Closure

    • D.

      Continuity

    • E.

      Proximity

    Correct Answer
    C. Closure
    Explanation
    The principle of closure refers to our tendency to mentally complete incomplete figures or patterns. In this scenario, even though some keys on the piano were broken, Shana is able to fill in the missing notes and recognize the familiar melodies. This demonstrates how our brain seeks to perceive complete and meaningful information, even when some parts are missing or incomplete.

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  • 31. 

    A person claiming to be able to read another's mind is claiming to have the ESP ability of:

    • A.

      Telepathy

    • B.

      Precognition

    • C.

      Clairvoyance

    • D.

      Psychokinesis

    Correct Answer
    A. Telepathy
    Explanation
    A person claiming to be able to read another's mind is claiming to have the ESP ability of telepathy. Telepathy refers to the ability to communicate or perceive thoughts and feelings directly from one person's mind to another without the use of any known physical or sensory channels. This claim suggests that the person possesses the ability to access and interpret the thoughts and mental states of others.

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  • 32. 

    If two objects cast retinal images of the same size, the object that appears to be closer is perceived as ________- the object that appears to be more distant.

    • A.

      Overlapping

    • B.

      The same size as

    • C.

      Smaller than

    • D.

      Larger than

    Correct Answer
    D. Larger than
    Explanation
    The object that appears to be closer is perceived as larger than the object that appears to be more distant. This phenomenon is known as "size constancy," and it's a perceptual phenomenon in which the brain interprets the retinal image size in relation to the perceived distance of an object to maintain a consistent perception of an object's size.

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  • 33. 

    The illusion that the St. Louis Gateway arch appears taller than it is wide (even though its height and width are equal) is based on our sensitivity to which monocular depth cue?

    • A.

      Retinal disparity

    • B.

      Relative size

    • C.

      Relative height

    • D.

      Interposition

    Correct Answer
    C. Relative height
    Explanation
    The illusion that the St. Louis Gateway arch appears taller than it is wide is based on our sensitivity to the monocular depth cue of relative height. This cue refers to the perception that objects higher in our visual field appear farther away than objects lower in our visual field. In the case of the arch, its height is emphasized by its position in the visual field, creating the illusion that it is taller than it actually is.

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  • 34. 

    Research with distorting goggles best supports the view of human perception advanced by:

    • A.

      Locke

    • B.

      Kant

    • C.

      Aristotle

    • D.

      Freud

    Correct Answer
    A. Locke
    Explanation
    Locke's view of human perception is supported by research with distorting goggles. Locke believed that human perception is based on sensory experiences and that our understanding of the world is derived from our senses. The use of distorting goggles in research helps to demonstrate how our perception can be influenced and distorted by external factors, highlighting the importance of sensory input in shaping our understanding of reality. This aligns with Locke's emphasis on the role of sensory experience in human perception.

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  • 35. 

    When observing buffalo, the African Pygmy Kenge failed to experience size constancy. This best serves to support the view of perception advanced by the philosopher:

    • A.

      Kant

    • B.

      Locke

    • C.

      Plato

    • D.

      Descartes

    • E.

      Liebnitz

    Correct Answer
    B. Locke
    Explanation
    Locke's view of perception emphasizes the role of sensory experience in shaping our perception of the world. In this case, the African Pygmy Kenge failed to experience size constancy when observing buffalo, suggesting that their perception of the size of the buffalo was not consistent with their previous sensory experiences. This aligns with Locke's belief that our perception is influenced by our sensory input and that our understanding of the world is constructed through our experiences.

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  • Current Version
  • Oct 26, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Nov 28, 2011
    Quiz Created by
    Lillsar95
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