Acid Base Balance Quiz Questions And Answers
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Want to test your knowledge about acids and bases? This Acid-Base Balance Quiz offers informative questions and answers based on the topic of the balance of acid-base balance in the arterial blood. The acid-base balance is a mechanism used by our body to keep its fluids close to neutral pH so that the body can function smoothly. This acid-base balance quiz will test your ability of acid-base balance. Take it and learn a little more about acidosis and alkalosis in the human body today!
Acid Base Balance Questions and Answers
- 1.
What is the normal range of carbon dioxide (CO2) in arterial blood as measured by arterial blood gas?
- A.
35-45 ppm
- B.
22-26 ppm
- C.
7.35-7.45 ppm
- D.
Not listed
Correct Answer
A. 35-45 ppmExplanation
The normal range of carbon dioxide (CO2) in arterial blood is 35-45 ppm. This range indicates the normal levels of CO2 in the blood, which is important for maintaining the body's acid-base balance. Higher or lower levels of CO2 can indicate respiratory or metabolic disorders.Rate this question:
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- 2.
What is the normal range of bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) in arterial blood?
- A.
35-45 mEq/L
- B.
22-26 mEq/L
- C.
7.35-7.45 mEq/L
- D.
Not listed
Correct Answer
B. 22-26 mEq/LExplanation
In arterial blood, bicarbonate ion (HCO3-) concentration within the range of 22-26 mEq/L is considered normal. This level helps maintain the blood's pH balance, crucial for proper bodily function. Deviations from this range may indicate metabolic acidosis or alkalosis, necessitating medical assessment and intervention for proper management.Rate this question:
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- 3.
What is the normal range of pH in the body?
- A.
35-45
- B.
22-26
- C.
7.35-7.45
- D.
Not listed
Correct Answer
C. 7.35-7.45Explanation
The normal range of pH in the body is 7.35-7.45. This range is slightly alkaline, indicating a slightly basic environment. Maintaining this pH range is crucial for proper bodily functions, as it allows for optimal enzyme activity, cell function, and overall homeostasis. Any significant deviation from this range can lead to health issues and disrupt various physiological processes.Rate this question:
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- 4.
If HCO3- caused the acidosis or the alkalosis, it is what?
- A.
Metabolic
- B.
Respiratory
- C.
Combined
- D.
None
Correct Answer
A. MetabolicExplanation
The correct answer is metabolic. This is because the question is asking about the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis, and HCO3- is a metabolic component. Acidosis or alkalosis can be caused by an imbalance in the body's metabolic processes, such as an excess or deficiency of bicarbonate ions (HCO3-). Therefore, if HCO3- is the cause, it would be classified as a metabolic acidosis or alkalosis.Rate this question:
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- 5.
If the CO2 and the HCO3- caused the imbalance, it is what?
- A.
Metabolic
- B.
Respiratory
- C.
Combined
- D.
None
Correct Answer
C. CombinedExplanation
If both CO2 and HCO3- are causing an imbalance, it suggests that there is a combined or mixed disturbance in the body's acid-base balance. This means that both the respiratory system (CO2) and the metabolic system (HCO3-) are contributing to the imbalance. The respiratory system regulates CO2 levels through breathing, whereas the metabolic system regulates HCO3- levels through processes in the kidneys. When both systems are involved in causing the imbalance, it is classified as a combined disturbance.Rate this question:
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- 6.
If the CO2 causes acidosis or alkalosis, it is what?
- A.
Metabolic
- B.
Respiratory
- C.
Combined
- D.
None
Correct Answer
B. RespiratoryExplanation
If CO2 is causing acidosis or alkalosis, it is classified as respiratory. This is because respiratory acidosis or alkalosis occurs when there is an imbalance in the levels of CO2 in the body, leading to changes in the pH of the blood. In respiratory acidosis, there is an excess of CO2, causing the blood to become acidic. In respiratory alkalosis, there is a decrease in CO2, causing the blood to become alkaline. Therefore, if CO2 is the cause of the acidosis or alkalosis, it is categorized as respiratory.Rate this question:
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- 7.
When there is an abnormal pH and change in one blood parameter. It is:
- A.
Uncompensated
- B.
Partially compensated
- C.
Fully compensated
- D.
Corrected
Correct Answer
A. UncompensatedExplanation
When there is an abnormal pH and change in one blood parameter, it is considered uncompensated. This means that the body has not yet made any adjustments to bring the pH back to its normal range. In uncompensated situations, the body's buffering systems have not had enough time to fully respond and restore balance.Rate this question:
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- 8.
When all 3 values--- pH, HCO3-, CO2 are abnormal. It is:
- A.
Uncompensated
- B.
Partially compensated
- C.
Fully compensated
- D.
Corrected
Correct Answer
B. Partially compensatedExplanation
When all 3 values (pH, HCO3-, CO2) are abnormal, it indicates that there is an imbalance in the body's acid-base status. In a partially compensated condition, the body is attempting to restore balance by making adjustments, but has not fully succeeded yet. This means that although the pH may be closer to the normal range, the HCO3- and CO2 levels are still abnormal. Therefore, the correct answer is partially compensated.Rate this question:
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- 9.
When pH is normal, both HCO3 and CO2 are abnormal. It is:
- A.
Uncompensated
- B.
Partially compensated
- C.
Fully compensated
- D.
Corrected
Correct Answer
C. Fully compensatedExplanation
When pH is normal, it means that the body's acid-base balance is within the normal range. In this case, if both HCO3 (bicarbonate) and CO2 (carbon dioxide) are abnormal, it suggests that the body is actively compensating for an underlying acid-base disturbance. This compensation is referred to as "fully compensated" because the body has successfully adjusted the levels of bicarbonate and carbon dioxide to maintain a normal pH despite the underlying abnormality.Rate this question:
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- 10.
When all parameters of pH, HCO3-, and CO2 are normal. It is:
- A.
Uncompensated
- B.
Partially compensated
- C.
Fully compensated
- D.
Corrected
Correct Answer
D. CorrectedExplanation
When all parameters of pH, HCO3-, and CO2 are normal, it indicates that the body has successfully restored the acid-base balance to its normal state. This means that any initial imbalance has been corrected, and the body is functioning within the normal range. Therefore, the correct answer is "corrected."Rate this question:
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- 11.
PH 7.31, CO2 50mmHg, HCO3- 22mEq/L
- A.
Respiratory acidosis, Uncompensated
- B.
Respiratory alkalosis, Partially compensated
- C.
Metabolic acidosis, Fully compensated
- D.
Metabolic alkalosis, Uncompensated
Correct Answer
A. Respiratory acidosis, UncompensatedExplanation
if HCO3- caused the acidosis or the alkalosis, it is METABOLIC if CO2 caused the acidosis or alkalosis, it is RESPIRATORY if CO2 and HCO3- caused the imbalanced, it is COMBINED To determine compensation: Uncompensated= abnormal pH and change in one blood parameter Partially compensated= all 3 values of pH, HCO3-, CO2 are abnormal Fully compensated= pH is normal, both HCO3- and CO2 are abnormally Corrected= all parameters are normal Normal ranges: pH is 7.35-7.45 HCO3- is 22-26 CO2 is 35-45Rate this question:
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- 12.
PH 7.46, CO2 32mmHg, HCO3- 23mEq/L
- A.
Respiratory acidosis, Partially compensated
- B.
Combined, Uncompensated
- C.
Metabolic alkalosis, Uncompensated
- D.
Respiratory alkalosis, Uncompensated
Correct Answer
D. Respiratory alkalosis, UncompensatedExplanation
if HCO3- caused the acidosis or the alkalosis, it is METABOLIC if CO2 caused the acidosis or alkalosis, it is RESPIRATORY if CO2 and HCO3- caused the imbalanced, it is COMBINED To determine compensation: Uncompensated= abnormal pH and change in one blood parameter Partially compensated= all 3 values of pH, HCO3-, CO2 are abnormal Fully compensated= pH is normal, both HCO3- and CO2 are abnormally Corrected= all parameters are normal Normal ranges: pH is 7.35-7.45 HCO3- is 22-26 CO2 is 35-45Rate this question:
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- 13.
PH 7.30, CO2 46 mmHg, HCO3 16 mEq/L
- A.
Respiratory alkalosis, Uncompensated
- B.
Combined, Partially compensated
- C.
Respiratory acidosis, Partially compensated
- D.
Metabolic acidosis, Partially compensated
Correct Answer
B. Combined, Partially compensatedExplanation
if HCO3- caused the acidosis or the alkalosis, it is METABOLIC if CO2 caused the acidosis or alkalosis, it is RESPIRATORY if CO2 and HCO3- caused the imbalanced, it is COMBINED To determine compensation: Uncompensated= abnormal pH and change in one blood parameter Partially compensated= all 3 values of pH, HCO3-, CO2 are abnormal Fully compensated= pH is normal, both HCO3- and CO2 are abnormally Corrected= all parameters are normal Normal ranges: pH is 7.35-7.45 HCO3- is 22-26 CO2 is 35-45Rate this question:
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- 14.
PH 7.31, CO2 44 mmHg, HCO3 20 mEq/L
- A.
Metabolic alkalosis, Fully compensated
- B.
Metabolic acidosis, Uncompensated
- C.
Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated
- D.
Respiratory acidosis, Uncompensated
Correct Answer
B. Metabolic acidosis, UncompensatedExplanation
if HCO3- caused the acidosis or the alkalosis, it is METABOLIC if CO2 caused the acidosis or alkalosis, it is RESPIRATORY if CO2 and HCO3- caused the imbalanced, it is COMBINED To determine compensation: Uncompensated= abnormal pH and change in one blood parameter Partially compensated= all 3 values of pH, HCO3-, CO2 are abnormal Fully compensated= pH is normal, both HCO3- and CO2 are abnormally Corrected= all parameters are normal Normal ranges: pH is 7.35-7.45 HCO3- is 22-26 CO2 is 35-45Rate this question:
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- 15.
PH 7.47, CO2 48 mmHg, HCO3 30 mEq/L
- A.
Metabolic alkalosis, partially compensated
- B.
Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated
- C.
Metabolic acidosis, fully compensated
- D.
Respiratory alkalosis, partially compensated
Correct Answer
A. Metabolic alkalosis, partially compensatedExplanation
This diagnosis is correct since the HCO3 is elevated, indicating alkalosis. However, the term "partially compensated" suggests that the body is making adjustments to bring the pH back to normal. In this case, the elevated CO2 indicates respiratory compensation, but since the pH is still above normal, the compensation is not complete.Rate this question:
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- 16.
PH 7.30, CO2 46 mmHg, HCO3 16 mEq/L
- A.
Metabolic alkalosis, partially compensated
- B.
Respiratory acidosis, uncompensated
- C.
Combined, partially compensated
- D.
Metabolic acidosis, uncompensated
Correct Answer
C. Combined, partially compensatedExplanation
if HCO3- caused the acidosis or the alkalosis, it is METABOLIC if CO2 caused the acidosis or alkalosis, it is RESPIRATORY if CO2 and HCO3- caused the imbalanced, it is COMBINED To determine compensation: Uncompensated= abnormal pH and change in one blood parameter Partially compensated= all 3 values of pH, HCO3-, CO2 are abnormal Fully compensated= pH is normal, both HCO3- and CO2 are abnormally Corrected= all parameters are normal Normal ranges: pH is 7.35-7.45 HCO3- is 22-26 CO2 is 35-45Rate this question:
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- 17.
Ben has an anxiety attack. His ABGs results show he is in respiratory alkalosis. He has just had a car accident. What is your next nursing intervention?
- A.
Have him breathe into a paper bag
- B.
Give him O2
- C.
Check his temperature
- D.
Ask him if he is alright
Correct Answer
A. Have him breathe into a paper bagExplanation
In this scenario, the correct answer is to have him breathe into a paper bag. This is because respiratory alkalosis is caused by hyperventilation, which leads to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels in the blood. Breathing into a paper bag helps to rebreathe some of the exhaled carbon dioxide, which can help to normalize the pH levels in the blood and alleviate symptoms of anxiety. Giving him oxygen would not be appropriate as it would further decrease carbon dioxide levels. Checking his temperature and asking if he is alright are not directly related to addressing the respiratory alkalosis.Rate this question:
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Apr 08, 2024Quiz Edited by
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Expert Reviewed by
Zohra Sattar -
Dec 04, 2011Quiz Created by
Gctran
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