Unit 5: States Of Consciousness
This is an open EVERYTHING quiz. It is a timed quiz and you must be finished in 40 MINUTES.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
______ is an example of a conscious process.
- A.
Breathing
- B.
Choosing the best answer for this question
- C.
Regulating blood pressure
- D.
Scratching an itch
- E.
Blinking every few seconds
Correct Answer
B. Choosing the best answer for this questionExplanation
Choosing the best answer for this question is an example of a conscious process because it requires active awareness, decision-making, and cognitive effort. Conscious processes involve conscious awareness and intentional control, and in this case, the act of selecting the correct answer involves conscious thought and deliberation.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Which of the following would be considered a non-conscious process?
- A.
Discussing your most recent dreams
- B.
Telling your mother you love her
- C.
Digesting the burger you ate for lunch
- D.
Painting a picture
- E.
All of the above are non-conscious processes
Correct Answer
C. Digesting the burger you ate for lunchExplanation
Digesting the burger you ate for lunch would be considered a non-conscious process because it is an automatic bodily function that occurs without conscious awareness or control. Digestion involves the breakdown of food in the stomach and intestines, absorption of nutrients, and elimination of waste, all of which are regulated by the autonomic nervous system. Unlike discussing dreams, expressing love to someone, or painting a picture, digestion does not require conscious thought or intention.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Freud believed that the vast majority of our motivation arose from our
- A.
Altered state of consciousness
- B.
Preconscious
- C.
Conscious
- D.
Unconscious
- E.
Nonconscious
Correct Answer
D. UnconsciousExplanation
Freud believed that the unconscious mind played a significant role in motivating human behavior. According to him, the unconscious contains thoughts, desires, and memories that are hidden from our conscious awareness but still influence our thoughts and actions. These unconscious motivations can stem from repressed childhood experiences, unresolved conflicts, and deep-seated desires. Freud's theory suggests that understanding and addressing these unconscious motivations is crucial for gaining insight into human behavior and resolving psychological issues.Rate this question:
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- 4.
According to Freud, which of the following is likely to be found in one's unconscious?
- A.
Threatening impulses
- B.
Memories of a person's internment at a POW camp
- C.
Negative memories from childhood
- D.
Sexual urges
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
Freud believed that the unconscious mind contained repressed thoughts, memories, and desires that were too threatening or socially unacceptable to be consciously acknowledged. These could include threatening impulses, negative childhood memories, and sexual urges. Additionally, memories of traumatic experiences, such as being interned at a POW camp, could also be stored in the unconscious mind. Therefore, all of the options listed are likely to be found in one's unconscious according to Freud's theory.Rate this question:
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- 5.
An individual's desire to take a "siesta" in the afternoon is driven by
- A.
What they ate for lunch
- B.
Circadian rhythms
- C.
Stage 1 sleep
- D.
Sleep spindles
- E.
Sleep deprivation
Correct Answer
B. Circadian rhythmsExplanation
An individual's desire to take a "siesta" in the afternoon is driven by circadian rhythms. Circadian rhythms are the internal biological processes that regulate the sleep-wake cycle and other bodily functions. They are influenced by external cues, such as light and darkness, and help determine when we feel alert and when we feel sleepy. In the afternoon, there is a natural dip in our circadian rhythm, often referred to as the "post-lunch dip," which can make us feel drowsy and inclined to take a nap or rest.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Jet lag is primarily the result of
- A.
Anxiety-producing unconscious processes
- B.
Upset circadian rhythms
- C.
Hangover from drinking before flying
- D.
Sensory isolation from being in an enclosed space
- E.
Flying north to south
Correct Answer
B. Upset circadian rhythmsExplanation
Jet lag is primarily the result of upset circadian rhythms. When we travel across different time zones, our body's internal clock, known as the circadian rhythm, gets disrupted. This disruption occurs because our body is still adjusted to the original time zone, causing a mismatch between our internal clock and the external environment. This can lead to symptoms such as fatigue, insomnia, and difficulty concentrating, which are commonly associated with jet lag. Therefore, the correct answer is upset circadian rhythms.Rate this question:
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- 7.
All of the following are characteristic of REM sleep EXCEPT
- A.
Rapid eye movement
- B.
Vivid cognitions
- C.
Movement of voluntary muscles
- D.
Deep sleep
- E.
Sleep paralysis
Correct Answer
D. Deep sleepExplanation
REM sleep, or rapid eye movement sleep, is a stage of sleep characterized by rapid eye movements, vivid cognitions, and temporary paralysis of voluntary muscles. However, deep sleep, also known as slow-wave sleep, is a separate stage of sleep that occurs earlier in the sleep cycle. During deep sleep, the brain waves slow down, and there is a decrease in muscle activity. Therefore, the correct answer is "deep sleep" because it is not a characteristic of REM sleep.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The deepest point in the sleep cycle, when brain wave activity is the slowest, occurs in
- A.
Stage 1
- B.
Stage 3
- C.
Stage 4
- D.
REM sleep, about one hour after falling asleep
- E.
REM sleep, about one hour before waking up
Correct Answer
C. Stage 4Explanation
Stage 4 of the sleep cycle is known as the deepest point of sleep, also called slow-wave sleep (SWS). During this stage, brain wave activity is the slowest, and the body experiences the most restorative sleep. It is characterized by synchronized delta waves in the brain. Stage 4 sleep is essential for physical and mental restoration, growth, and repair. It typically occurs earlier in the night and becomes less prevalent as the sleep cycle progresses.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A characteristic of sleep as we grow closer to the morning is
- A.
It gets gradually deeper
- B.
We spend more time in REM sleep
- C.
We spend more time in stage 3 and 4 sleep
- D.
Our brain waves become slower and deeper
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
B. We spend more time in REM sleepExplanation
As we grow closer to the morning, our sleep pattern shifts and we tend to spend more time in REM (Rapid Eye Movement) sleep. REM sleep is associated with vivid dreams, increased brain activity, and rapid eye movement. This stage of sleep is important for memory consolidation and emotional processing. Therefore, the statement "we spend more time in REM sleep" is a characteristic of sleep as we approach morning.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Deprivation of REM sleep for a few nights results in ____ during the next night's sleep.
- A.
REM rebound
- B.
Reduced problem solving
- C.
Reduced REM sleep
- D.
Reduced coordination
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
A. REM reboundExplanation
Deprivation of REM sleep for a few nights can lead to REM rebound during the next night's sleep. REM rebound refers to an increase in the amount and intensity of REM sleep after a period of deprivation. When REM sleep is deprived, the body compensates by increasing the amount of REM sleep in subsequent sleep cycles. This rebound effect is thought to be a mechanism to ensure that the body gets the necessary amount of REM sleep for optimal functioning.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which of the following is an explanation of why we sleep?
- A.
To conserve energy
- B.
Promotes memory
- C.
Clears the brain of useless information
- D.
Helps us to avoid nocturnal predators
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." This means that all of the given options - conserving energy, promoting memory, clearing the brain of useless information, and helping us avoid nocturnal predators - are explanations for why we sleep. Sleeping helps to conserve energy by allowing the body to rest and recharge. It promotes memory consolidation, as important information is processed and stored during sleep. Sleep also plays a role in clearing the brain of unnecessary information and helps to avoid nocturnal predators by keeping us inactive and hidden during their active hours.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Who sleeps the least?
- A.
Newborns
- B.
Adolescents
- C.
Young adults
- D.
The elderly
- E.
Children
Correct Answer
D. The elderlyExplanation
The elderly sleep the least compared to newborns, adolescents, young adults, and children. This is because as people age, their sleep patterns tend to change. Older adults may experience difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or have more fragmented sleep. They may also have more frequent awakenings during the night. Additionally, certain health conditions and medications commonly associated with aging can disrupt sleep. Overall, these factors contribute to the elderly sleeping less than other age groups.Rate this question:
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- 13.
According to Freud, the two main functions of dreams are to
- A.
Release electrical charges and aid in the growth of the brain
- B.
Conserve energy and restore neuron function
- C.
Help people rest and relax
- D.
Reduce psychic tensions and work through unconscious desires
- E.
Facilitate memory and clean out old memories
Correct Answer
D. Reduce psychic tensions and work through unconscious desiresExplanation
Freud believed that dreams serve the purpose of reducing psychic tensions and working through unconscious desires. Dreams provide an outlet for repressed thoughts, emotions, and desires that are not easily expressed in waking life. They allow individuals to process and resolve unresolved conflicts and anxieties, thereby reducing psychological tension. Additionally, dreams can bring unconscious desires and wishes to the surface, allowing individuals to gain insight into their hidden motivations and desires. Overall, dreams serve as a mechanism for psychological healing and self-discovery.Rate this question:
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- 14.
According to Freud, the latent content of a dream refers to
- A.
The setting
- B.
The storyline
- C.
The color of the dream
- D.
The emotional tone
- E.
The symbolic meaning
Correct Answer
E. The symbolic meaningExplanation
Freud believed that the latent content of a dream refers to the hidden, symbolic meaning behind the dream. He argued that dreams were a representation of unconscious desires and thoughts, and that the true meaning of a dream could only be understood by analyzing its symbols and hidden messages. The latent content is contrasted with the manifest content, which is the literal storyline or events of the dream. By interpreting the symbolic meaning of a dream, Freud believed that one could gain insight into their unconscious mind and better understand their desires and conflicts.Rate this question:
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- 15.
According to Freud, the manifest content of a dream refers to
- A.
The setting
- B.
The storyline
- C.
The color of the dream
- D.
The emotional tone
- E.
The symbolic meaning
Correct Answer
B. The storylineExplanation
Freud believed that the manifest content of a dream refers to the storyline. This means that it is the actual events and actions that occur in the dream, rather than any hidden or symbolic meanings. Freud believed that the manifest content was a disguise for the latent content, which represented the hidden desires and unconscious thoughts of the dreamer. By analyzing the storyline of a dream, Freud believed that one could uncover the true meaning behind it.Rate this question:
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- 16.
______ is the view that the mind makes a coherent story out of the spontaneous electrical charges in your brain.
- A.
Psychoanalytic perspective
- B.
Activation-synthesis dream model
- C.
Humanistic model
- D.
Behaviorist approach
- E.
Homestatic approach
Correct Answer
B. Activation-synthesis dream modelExplanation
The activation-synthesis dream model suggests that the mind creates a meaningful narrative from the random electrical activity that occurs in the brain during dreaming. This theory proposes that dreams are not driven by hidden desires or unconscious thoughts, but rather are a result of the brain's attempt to make sense of neural activity during sleep. According to this model, dreams are essentially the brain's way of interpreting and organizing the random signals it receives, rather than being influenced by deep psychological meanings or motivations.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which of the following is NOT a symptom of insomnia?
- A.
Frequent arousals
- B.
Insufficient sleep
- C.
Early awakenings
- D.
Abormal breathing patterns
- E.
Inability to fall asleep quickly
Correct Answer
D. Abormal breathing patternsExplanation
Insomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or both. Symptoms of insomnia include frequent arousals, insufficient sleep, early awakenings, and inability to fall asleep quickly. Abnormal breathing patterns, on the other hand, are not typically associated with insomnia. These patterns may be indicative of other sleep disorders such as sleep apnea or respiratory issues, but they are not directly related to insomnia.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Which of the following would hypnosis be helpful in treating?
- A.
Relieving childbirth pains
- B.
Temporary anxiety relief
- C.
Treating phobias
- D.
Eliminating negative behaviors such as smoking
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
Hypnosis can be helpful in treating various conditions such as relieving childbirth pains, providing temporary anxiety relief, treating phobias, and eliminating negative behaviors like smoking. This technique has been used to manage pain during childbirth, reduce anxiety symptoms, address specific phobias, and assist individuals in overcoming addictive behaviors. Therefore, all of the options mentioned are situations in which hypnosis can be beneficial.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Addiction refers to
- A.
Increased drug effect with repeated use
- B.
Loss of withdrawal symptoms when drug use is stopped
- C.
Maintained drug effects with repeated use
- D.
Repeated drug use despite adverse consequences
- E.
Augmented drug reward
Correct Answer
D. Repeated drug use despite adverse consequencesExplanation
Addiction refers to repeated drug use despite adverse consequences. This means that individuals continue to use drugs even though they experience negative effects on their health, relationships, and overall well-being. Addiction is characterized by a loss of control over drug use and an inability to stop or cut back despite the negative consequences. This behavior is often driven by a compulsive urge to seek and use drugs, which can lead to a cycle of addiction.Rate this question:
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- 20.
____ drugs inhibit the central nervous system and thus slow mental and physical activity.
- A.
Depressant
- B.
Stimulant
- C.
Analgesic
- D.
Hallucinogenic
- E.
Amphetamine-like
Correct Answer
A. DepressantExplanation
Depressant drugs work by slowing down the central nervous system, which leads to a decrease in mental and physical activity. These drugs have a calming and sedating effect on the body and can be used to treat conditions such as anxiety, insomnia, and seizures. Examples of depressant drugs include alcohol, benzodiazepines, and barbiturates.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Crack cocaine is a psychoactive drug of the ____ class.
- A.
Opiate
- B.
Hallucinogen
- C.
Stimulant
- D.
Cannabis
- E.
Depressant
Correct Answer
C. StimulantExplanation
Crack cocaine is classified as a stimulant drug. Stimulants are substances that increase alertness, attention, and energy levels, as well as elevate mood and suppress appetite. Crack cocaine specifically is a highly potent and addictive form of cocaine that is smoked, producing an intense and immediate euphoric effect. It stimulates the central nervous system, increasing levels of dopamine in the brain, which leads to feelings of pleasure and heightened energy. However, the use of crack cocaine can also have severe negative effects on physical and mental health.Rate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Nov 19, 2009Quiz Created by
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