Unit 5 - French Revolution: Part III (Intro To French Rev)

Explanation
The term used to call people who demanded freedom to worship, an end to censorship, and freedom from arbitrary laws and from judges who simply obeyed the government is "liberals". Liberals advocate for individual liberties and believe in limited government intervention in personal matters. They support freedom of speech, religion, and expression, and are often associated with progressive social and political reforms.

Explanation
The correct answer is nobility, bourgeoisie, bourgeoisie, nobility. In the 18th century, liberalism gained popularity among both the nobility and the bourgeoisie. The nobility, consisting of the upper class and aristocracy, supported liberalism as it aimed to limit the power of the monarchy and promote individual rights. The bourgeoisie, the middle class, also embraced liberalism as it advocated for free markets, limited government intervention, and economic freedom. Therefore, both groups found common ground in their support for liberal ideas during this time period.

Explanation
In 1787, Louis XVI called the Assembly of Notables to discuss the implementation of a new land tax that would be applicable to all social classes. However, the Assembly of Notables refused to consider the tax and instead demanded a larger role in governing the nation.

Explanation
The pledge made by members of the Third Estate when they gathered at a tennis court on the grounds of Versailles was called the Tennis Court Oath. They promised to continue meeting until the constitution of the kingdom was established and consolidated upon solid foundations. This oath was a significant event during the French Revolution, as it demonstrated the determination of the Third Estate to bring about political change and establish a constitutional monarchy.

Explanation
Abbe Sieyes, Emmanuel Sieyes, and Emmanuel Joseph Sieyes are all correct answers for the question. These are different variations of the name of the person who wrote the pamphlet "What is the Third Estate?" and conspired with Napoleon Bonaparte in the overthrow of the Directory.

Explanation
The correct answer is Lafayette. The Declaration of the Rights of Man was written by Lafayette with the help of Thomas Jefferson. It declared that political sovereignty did not rest in the hands of a monarch but rather in the nation at large. It also stated that all citizens were equal before the law and in their enjoyment of all rights and responsibilities of the society. Because all men were born free and equal, they were entitled to freedom of religion and press, and freedom to engage in the economic activity of their choice.

Explanation
The Civil Constitution of the Clergy was a legislation passed in 1790 that made the church a department of state. This reform by the National Assembly faced significant opposition, particularly from Pope Pius VI who denounced both this legislation and the Declaration of the Rights of Man.

Explanation
Assignats were government bonds that were backed by the sale of church lands. These bonds were issued during the French Revolution as a way to raise funds for the government. The church lands were confiscated and sold off, and the assignats were used as a form of currency to replace the old royal currency. However, overprinting of assignats led to hyperinflation and a loss of confidence in the currency. Eventually, the assignats became worthless, contributing to the economic and political instability of the time.

Explanation
In 1790, the old system was replaced by a constitutional monarchy. A constitutional monarchy is a form of government where a monarch's power is limited by a constitution. This means that the monarch's authority is restrained and balanced by the laws and regulations outlined in the constitution. This change in the system suggests that there was a shift towards a more democratic and regulated form of governance, where the monarch's power is no longer absolute and is subject to the rules and principles of the constitution.

Explanation
The correct answer is "Great Fear." The Great Fear refers to a period during the French Revolution when there was widespread panic and violence in the countryside. Peasants revolted against their feudal lords, leading to a wave of attacks on aristocratic properties. In order to quell the violence, aristocrats in the National Assembly made the decision to renounce their feudal rights, hoping that it would appease the peasants and restore order.

Explanation
Men who paid taxes were the only ones allowed to vote for electors. This indicates that the right to vote was restricted to those who contributed financially to the government through taxes. Electors, on the other hand, had to meet even higher property requirements to qualify to vote for members of the assembly. This suggests that the electoral process was further limited to a select group of individuals with greater wealth and property. Additionally, it is mentioned that women were not given any franchise, implying that they were completely excluded from the voting process.

Explanation
Slavery was abolished in France, meaning it was officially ended and no longer legal in the country. However, despite this abolition, slavery was still being practiced in the colonies. This suggests that while France recognized the injustice of slavery within its own borders, it continued to exploit and oppress people in its colonial territories. This highlights the hypocrisy and inconsistency of France's stance on slavery during this time period.

Explanation
The event described in the question, where a large crowd of women marched from Paris to Versailles to meet with the baker, the baker's wife, and the baker's little boy, and then escorted the King back to Paris, is commonly known as the March on Versailles.

Explanation
Edward Burke, a British politician, wrote Reflections on the French Revolution in 1790. In this book, he expressed his fear that if the traditional system of deference and the roles of institutions like the monarchy and church were dramatically altered, it would lead to violence. This viewpoint aligns with conservative ideology, as conservatives generally advocate for the preservation of traditional institutions and caution against rapid societal change. Edward Burke's work reflected his conservative beliefs and his concerns about the consequences of revolutionary changes.