Microscopes, Cells, Cell Transport

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  • 1/45 Questions

    Collects, modifies, ships, and packages substances?

    • Rough ER
    • Golgi
    • Cytoskeleton
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About This Quiz

Honor's Biology review quiz for test on Microscopes, Cells, and Cell Transport

Cell Transport Quizzes & Trivia

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  • 2. 

    How does facilitated diffusion differ from simple diffusion?

    • Requires transport proteins

    • Molecules don't move

    • Higher temperature required

    Correct Answer
    A. Requires transport proteins
    Explanation
    Facilitated diffusion differs from simple diffusion because it requires transport proteins. In facilitated diffusion, molecules move across the cell membrane with the help of specific proteins that act as channels or carriers. These proteins facilitate the movement of molecules that are too large or polar to pass through the lipid bilayer of the membrane on their own. In contrast, simple diffusion does not require transport proteins and involves the movement of molecules directly through the lipid bilayer, driven by the concentration gradient.

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  • 3. 

    The site of photosynthesis?

    • Chloroplast

    • Mitochondria

    • Ribosomes

    Correct Answer
    A. Chloroplast
    Explanation
    Chloroplast is the correct answer because it is the site of photosynthesis in plant cells. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants convert sunlight into energy-rich molecules, such as glucose, using chlorophyll present in the chloroplasts. Chloroplasts contain all the necessary components, including chlorophyll, enzymes, and other molecules, to carry out photosynthesis efficiently. They have a specialized structure with thylakoid membranes that house the chlorophyll molecules and stroma, where the synthesis of glucose occurs. Therefore, chloroplasts are crucial for the production of food and oxygen in plants.

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  • 4. 

    Movement of water, but no NET movement

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Iso
    Explanation
    The term "iso" refers to "isotonic," which means that the concentration of solutes inside and outside of a cell or solution is the same. In this context, "movement of water, but no NET movement" suggests that there is an equal movement of water into and out of the cell or solution, resulting in no overall change in volume or concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is "iso," indicating an isotonic solution or environment.

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  • 5. 

    Hooke was looking at cork when he discovered cells

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Hooke's observation of cork led to the discovery of cells. In 1665, Robert Hooke examined a thin slice of cork under a microscope and noticed small box-like structures, which he named "cells" due to their resemblance to the cells of a monastery. This groundbreaking discovery marked the beginning of the study of cells and their role in living organisms. Therefore, the statement "Hooke was looking at cork when he discovered cells" is true.

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  • 6. 

    Phospholipids heads face the water on both sides because they are polar and tails face in because they are nonpola

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Phospholipids are composed of a polar head and nonpolar tails. The polar heads are hydrophilic, meaning they are attracted to water, while the nonpolar tails are hydrophobic, meaning they repel water. This arrangement allows phospholipids to form a bilayer in which the heads face the water on both sides, creating a barrier that separates the aqueous environments. Therefore, the statement is true.

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  • 7. 

    Who discovered cells?

    • Schwann

    • Hooke

    • Schleiden

    Correct Answer
    A. Hooke
    Explanation
    Hooke is the correct answer because he was the first scientist to observe and describe cells in 1665. He used a microscope to examine thin slices of cork and noticed small empty compartments that he called "cells" due to their resemblance to the small rooms in a monastery. Hooke's discovery of cells laid the foundation for the development of the cell theory and our understanding of the basic unit of life. Schwann and Schleiden, on the other hand, made significant contributions to the cell theory by stating that cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms, but they did not discover cells themselves.

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  • 8. 

    Contains digestive enzymes that get rid of waste?

    • Vacuole

    • Lysosome

    • Vesicle

    Correct Answer
    A. Lysosome
    Explanation
    Lysosomes are organelles that contain digestive enzymes. These enzymes help break down waste materials, cellular debris, and foreign substances within the cell. Lysosomes play a crucial role in cellular waste disposal and recycling processes, as they digest and remove unwanted materials. Therefore, lysosomes are responsible for getting rid of waste within the cell.

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  • 9. 

    Osmosis is diffusion of ONLY water molecules

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    Osmosis is a specific type of diffusion that involves the movement of water molecules across a selectively permeable membrane. It occurs when there is a difference in solute concentration on either side of the membrane, causing water molecules to move from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration. Osmosis is a passive process and does not involve the movement of other molecules or particles, making the statement "Osmosis is diffusion of ONLY water molecules" true.

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  • 10. 

    Endocytosis: large particles OUT of cell

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Endocytosis is a process by which large particles or substances are taken into the cell, not out of the cell. This process involves the formation of a vesicle that engulfs the particles and brings them into the cell. Therefore, the given answer "False" is correct as it correctly states that endocytosis is for bringing large particles into the cell, not out of it.

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  • 11. 

    When magnification increases on a CLM the size of the image increases

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    When magnification increases on a CLM (Compound Light Microscope), the size of the image observed through the microscope also increases. This is because magnification refers to the process of enlarging the size of an object or image, allowing for more detailed observation. As the magnification increases, more details become visible and the image appears larger. Therefore, the statement "When magnification increases on a CLM, the size of the image increases" is true.

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  • 12. 

    Fluid filled sac that stores food, water, and enzymes?

    • Vacuole

    • Lysosomes

    • Centriole

    Correct Answer
    A. Vacuole
    Explanation
    The correct answer is vacuole. A vacuole is a fluid-filled sac found in the cells of plants and some other organisms. It serves as a storage unit for various substances such as food, water, and enzymes. The vacuole helps maintain the cell's shape, regulate its internal pressure, and store essential nutrients and waste products. It also plays a role in plant growth and development by storing water and providing turgor pressure to support the cell and the overall structure of the plant.

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  • 13. 

    Manages cellular functions?

    • Mitochondria

    • Nucleolus

    • Nucleus

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleus
    Explanation
    The nucleus is responsible for managing cellular functions. It contains the cell's genetic material, including DNA, which controls the production of proteins and regulates cellular activities. The nucleus also plays a crucial role in cell division and the transmission of genetic information to offspring. Additionally, it acts as the control center of the cell, coordinating various cellular processes and maintaining homeostasis.

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  • 14. 

    Prokaryotes have a nucleus and membrane bound organelles

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement is false because prokaryotes do not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles. Prokaryotic cells are simpler in structure compared to eukaryotic cells, lacking a defined nucleus and other membrane-bound structures. Instead, their genetic material is found in the cytoplasm in a region called the nucleoid. Prokaryotes also lack membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria or endoplasmic reticulum, which are present in eukaryotic cells.

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  • 15. 

    The mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The mitochondria is known as the powerhouse of the cell because it is responsible for producing energy through a process called cellular respiration. During cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are converted into carbon dioxide, water, and ATP (adenosine triphosphate), which is the energy currency of the cell. This process takes place in the mitochondria's inner membrane, specifically in structures called cristae. Therefore, it is correct to say that the mitochondria is the site of cellular respiration.

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  • 16. 

    Phospholipids have a...

    • Polar head and polar tails

    • Nonpolar head and polar tails

    • Polar head and nonpolar tails

    Correct Answer
    A. Polar head and nonpolar tails
    Explanation
    Phospholipids are composed of two parts: a hydrophilic (polar) head and a hydrophobic (nonpolar) tail. The polar head contains a phosphate group which is attracted to water, while the nonpolar tails consist of fatty acid chains that repel water. This unique structure allows phospholipids to form a bilayer in cell membranes, with the polar heads facing the watery environment inside and outside the cell, and the nonpolar tails sandwiched in between, providing a barrier to water-soluble substances.

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  • 17. 

    You can see the image 3-D on a SEM microscope

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    A scanning electron microscope (SEM) is a type of microscope that uses a focused beam of electrons to create high-resolution images of the surface of a sample. The SEM can generate a three-dimensional image by scanning the sample surface and detecting the backscattered electrons or secondary electrons emitted from the surface. Therefore, it is true that you can see the image in 3-D on a SEM microscope.

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  • 18. 

    Why are cells shaped the way they are?

    • Because of their decreasing SA to V ratio

    • So they have room for oxygen

    • Because of their function

    Correct Answer
    A. Because of their function
    Explanation
    Cells are shaped the way they are because of their specific functions. Different types of cells have distinct shapes that allow them to carry out their specialized tasks more efficiently. For example, nerve cells are long and branched to transmit electrical signals over long distances, while red blood cells are disc-shaped to maximize surface area for oxygen exchange. The shape of a cell is directly related to its function and enables it to perform its specific role in the body effectively.

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  • 19. 

    Transports proteions & other substances throughout?

    • Smooth ER

    • Rough ER

    • Chromatin

    Correct Answer
    A. Rough ER
    Explanation
    Rough ER is the correct answer because it is responsible for the synthesis and transport of proteins and other substances throughout the cell. It is called "rough" because it has ribosomes attached to its surface, which are involved in protein synthesis. These proteins are then transported to other parts of the cell or outside the cell through the rough ER. Smooth ER, on the other hand, is involved in lipid metabolism and detoxification, while chromatin is the material that makes up the chromosomes and contains DNA.

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  • 20. 

    Cell shrinks

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyper
    Explanation
    The term "hyper" is a prefix that means excessive or above normal. In the context of cell shrinkage, hyper refers to a condition where a cell loses water and becomes smaller than its normal size. This can occur due to various factors such as dehydration or excessive salt concentration in the surrounding environment. Therefore, the correct answer is hyper, indicating an excessive or above normal shrinkage of the cell.

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  • 21. 

    What is dynamic equilibrium?

    • No [ ] gradient, [ ] is same on both sides, movement of particles continue, no change in net movement

    • Molecules moving against [ ] gradient which eventually burst

    • [ ] is very high on both sides, no movement of particles, large change in net movement

    Correct Answer
    A. No [ ] gradient, [ ] is same on both sides, movement of particles continue, no change in net movement
    Explanation
    Dynamic equilibrium refers to a state in which there is no gradient present, meaning that the concentration is the same on both sides. In this state, the movement of particles continues, but there is no net change in movement. This means that while individual particles may be moving against a gradient, there is no overall change in the concentration of particles. The answer choice accurately describes these characteristics of dynamic equilibrium.

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  • 22. 

    Diffusion is movement of molecules from low [ ] to high [ ] 

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Diffusion is the movement of molecules from an area of high concentration to an area of low concentration. Therefore, the correct answer is false.

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  • 23. 

    Provides shape, support and strength for both plant and animal cells?

    • Cell Wall

    • Cytoplasm

    • Cytoskeleton

    Correct Answer
    A. Cytoskeleton
    Explanation
    The cytoskeleton is a network of protein fibers that provides shape, support, and strength to both plant and animal cells. It helps maintain the cell's structure, allows for cell movement, and facilitates the transport of materials within the cell. The cytoskeleton is responsible for maintaining the cell's shape and integrity, and it plays a crucial role in cell division and cell signaling. Unlike the cell wall, which is only found in plant cells, the cytoskeleton is present in both plant and animal cells, making it the correct answer.

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  • 24. 

    Net movement of water out of cell

    • Isotonic

    • Hypotonic

    • Hypertonic

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypertonic
    Explanation
    A hypertonic solution has a higher solute concentration compared to the cell. In this case, the net movement of water out of the cell occurs because water moves from an area of lower solute concentration (inside the cell) to an area of higher solute concentration (outside the cell). This causes the cell to shrink or undergo plasmolysis as water leaves the cell to balance the concentration gradient.

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  • 25. 

    Smooth ER makes lipids?

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. True
    Explanation
    The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for various functions, including lipid metabolism. It synthesizes lipids, such as phospholipids and cholesterol, and also detoxifies drugs and harmful substances. Therefore, it is correct to say that the smooth ER makes lipids.

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  • 26. 

    Cytolysis may occur (cell bursts)

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypo
    Explanation
    Cytolysis refers to the bursting or destruction of a cell. In the context of the question, the term "hypo" suggests a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell compared to inside. When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution (lower solute concentration outside the cell), water enters the cell through osmosis, causing it to swell and potentially burst. Therefore, the correct answer hypo is a likely explanation for why cytolysis may occur.

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  • 27. 

    Facilitated diffusion requires the cell to expend energy

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport where molecules move across the cell membrane with the help of transport proteins. Unlike active transport, facilitated diffusion does not require the cell to expend energy. Instead, it relies on the concentration gradient of the molecules to drive their movement. Therefore, the statement that facilitated diffusion requires the cell to expend energy is false.

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  • 28. 

    What does parfocal mean?

    • All living things are made of cells

    • The capacity to show 2 pts. that are close together as being seperate pts.

    • All objectives are set to the same focus so there is no need to re-focus when switching between powers

    Correct Answer
    A. All objectives are set to the same focus so there is no need to re-focus when switching between powers
    Explanation
    Parfocal means that all objectives on a microscope are set to the same focus, so there is no need to re-focus when switching between different magnification powers. This allows for easier and more efficient observation and analysis of samples, as the focus remains constant regardless of the objective being used.

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  • 29. 

    Net movement of water into cell

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypo
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "hypo". In this context, "hypo" refers to a solution that has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution. When a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, there is a net movement of water into the cell. This is because the concentration of solutes inside the cell is higher than the concentration of solutes in the hypotonic solution. As a result, water moves from an area of lower solute concentration (the hypotonic solution) to an area of higher solute concentration (the cell) in an attempt to equalize the concentration on both sides.

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  • 30. 

    Makes ribosomes?

    • Cytoplasm

    • Rough er

    • Nucleolus

    Correct Answer
    A. Nucleolus
    Explanation
    The nucleolus is responsible for making ribosomes. It is a small, dense region within the nucleus of a cell where ribosomal RNA (rRNA) is synthesized and ribosome assembly occurs. The nucleolus contains the genetic information needed to produce ribosomes, which are essential for protein synthesis.

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  • 31. 

    [ ] of solute is greater outside is greater outside of the cell than inside

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyper
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "hyper." This term refers to a solution where the concentration of solute is greater outside the cell compared to inside. In this scenario, there is a higher concentration of solute molecules outside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell through osmosis. This can result in the cell shrinking or becoming dehydrated.

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  • 32. 

    Why is the cell membrane sometimes referred to as a "fluid mosaic model"?

    • Because it has a bilayer

    • Because phospholipids aren't bonded and they move freely

    • Because they are colorful and all different

    Correct Answer
    A. Because phospholipids aren't bonded and they move freely
    Explanation
    The cell membrane is sometimes referred to as a "fluid mosaic model" because phospholipids, which make up the majority of the membrane, are not bonded to each other and can move freely within the membrane. This fluidity allows for flexibility and allows the membrane to change shape and accommodate various cellular processes. Additionally, the membrane contains various proteins and other molecules that are embedded within the phospholipid bilayer, creating a mosaic-like appearance.

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  • 33. 

    Plasmolysis may occur

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyper
    Explanation
    Plasmolysis may occur in a hyper solution because a hyper solution has a higher solute concentration compared to the cell's cytoplasm. This causes water to move out of the cell, leading to the shrinking and contraction of the cell membrane away from the cell wall. Plasmolysis is a process that occurs in plant cells when they lose water in a hypertonic environment, resulting in the cell's wilting and potential damage.

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  • 34. 

    [ ] of water outside of cell is less than inside

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Hyper
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "hyper." This term refers to a solution where the concentration of solutes outside the cell is higher than inside the cell. In this case, there is a higher concentration of solutes outside the cell, causing water to move out of the cell in an attempt to balance the concentration. This can result in the cell shrinking or even bursting if the concentration gradient is significant.

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  • 35. 

    [ ] of water is greater outside of the cell

    • Iso

    • Hypo

    • Hyper

    Correct Answer
    A. Hypo
    Explanation
    The correct answer is "hypo". This refers to a solution that has a lower concentration of solutes compared to another solution. In this case, it means that the concentration of water outside the cell is greater than inside the cell.

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  • 36. 

    When the magnification increases on a CLM, what happens to its resolution?

    • Decreases

    • Stays the same

    • Increases

    Correct Answer
    A. Increases
    Explanation
    When the magnification increases on a CLM (Compound Light Microscope), the resolution also increases. Resolution refers to the ability of a microscope to distinguish between two closely spaced objects as separate entities. As the magnification increases, the microscope can visualize finer details and distinguish between smaller structures, resulting in an improved resolution. This is because higher magnification allows for a closer examination of the specimen, revealing more intricate features and enhancing the overall clarity and sharpness of the image.

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  • 37. 

    When magnificitation increases on a CLM the brightness increases

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement is false because increasing magnification on a Compound Light Microscope (CLM) does not directly result in an increase in brightness. Magnification refers to the degree to which an image is enlarged, while brightness refers to the intensity of light. The brightness of the image in a CLM is primarily determined by the illumination source and the quality of the optics, not the magnification level.

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  • 38. 

    Check characteristics of active transport

    • High [ ] to low [ ]

    • Low [ ] to high [ ]

    • Movement against [ ] gradient

    • No energy needed from cell

    • Requires transport protein

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Low [ ] to high [ ]
    A. Movement against [ ] gradient
    A. Requires transport protein
    Explanation
    Active transport is a process in which substances are transported across a cell membrane against their concentration gradient, from an area of low concentration to an area of high concentration. This movement requires the use of energy from the cell. Additionally, active transport relies on transport proteins to facilitate the movement of these substances across the membrane. Therefore, the correct characteristics of active transport are low [ ] to high [ ], movement against [ ] gradient, and requires transport protein.

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  • 39. 

    SEM has a greater magnification than TEM

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement is false because TEM (Transmission Electron Microscope) actually has a greater magnification than SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope). TEM uses a beam of electrons transmitted through a thin specimen to create an image, allowing for higher magnification and resolution. On the other hand, SEM uses a focused beam of electrons to scan the surface of a specimen, resulting in a lower magnification compared to TEM.

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  • 40. 

    The cell wall is the semi-permeable "gatekeeper" of the cell

    • True

    • False

    Correct Answer
    A. False
    Explanation
    The statement that the cell wall is the semi-permeable "gatekeeper" of the cell is incorrect. The cell wall is a rigid outer layer found in plant cells that provides structural support and protection. It is not involved in regulating the movement of substances into and out of the cell. Instead, the cell membrane, also known as the plasma membrane, is responsible for controlling the passage of molecules and ions. Therefore, the correct answer is False.

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  • 41. 

    Name 2 organic substances embedded within the cell membrane

    • Proteins

    • Lipids

    • Sugars

    • Chlolesterol

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Proteins
    A. Chlolesterol
    Explanation
    Proteins and cholesterol are organic substances that can be found embedded within the cell membrane. Proteins play a crucial role in various cellular functions such as transport of molecules, cell signaling, and structural support. Cholesterol, although not strictly considered a lipid, is an important component of the cell membrane. It helps maintain the fluidity and stability of the membrane and is also involved in cell signaling.

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  • 42. 

    Check a difference between plant and animal cells

    • Plants have a cell wall

    • Plants have a large vacuole

    • Animals have cytoplasm

    • Animals have centrioles

    • Plants have leucoplasts

    • Animals have a cell membrane

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Plants have a cell wall
    A. Plants have a large vacuole
    A. Animals have centrioles
    A. Plants have leucoplasts
    Explanation
    Plants have a cell wall, which is a rigid outer layer that provides support and protection to the cell. Animals, on the other hand, do not have a cell wall. Plants also have a large vacuole, which is a fluid-filled sac that stores water, nutrients, and waste products. Animals have smaller vacuoles or may not have them at all. Animals have centrioles, which are involved in cell division, while plants do not have centrioles. Lastly, plants have leucoplasts, which are organelles involved in storing starch and lipids, while animals do not have leucoplasts.

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  • 43. 

    Check factors that affect diffusion rate

    • Steepness of [ ] gradient

    • Size of particles

    • Thickness of membrane

    • Pressure

    • Size of particles

    Correct Answer(s)
    A. Steepness of [ ] gradient
    A. Size of particles
    A. Thickness of membrane
    A. Size of particles
    Explanation
    The factors that affect diffusion rate are the steepness of the concentration gradient, the size of particles, and the thickness of the membrane. The steepness of the concentration gradient refers to the difference in concentration between two areas, and a greater difference leads to faster diffusion. The size of particles also affects diffusion rate, as smaller particles can diffuse more easily than larger ones. The thickness of the membrane is important because a thinner membrane allows for faster diffusion. However, the mention of "size of particles" twice in the answer seems redundant and may be an error.

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  • 44. 

    What is an advantage of using a compound light microscope?

    Correct Answer(s)
    Higher magnification power
    Explanation
    An advantage of using a compound light microscope is its higher magnification power. This allows for the observation of smaller and more detailed structures or organisms that would not be visible to the naked eye. The compound light microscope achieves this by using multiple lenses, which magnify the image at different levels, resulting in a higher overall magnification. This increased magnification power is beneficial in various scientific fields, such as biology and medicine, as it enables researchers and scientists to study and analyze microscopic samples with greater precision and accuracy.

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  • 45. 

    Why are cells limited in size? Be specific.

Quiz Review Timeline (Updated): Mar 20, 2023 +

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  • Current Version
  • Mar 20, 2023
    Quiz Edited by
    ProProfs Editorial Team
  • Nov 08, 2010
    Quiz Created by
    Squidney74
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