Mental Health Nursing Test I - Set A
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This test contains 25 items Questions about Mental Health Nursing
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- 1.
The physician and the parents of a child diagnose with acute myelogenous leukemia are discussing on the diagnosis and prognosis of the child. After the parents visit, both parents have a severe argument over something trivial while waiting in the lounge. The nurse understands that they are using which defense mechanism?
- A.
Displacement
- B.
Compensation
- C.
Projection
- D.
Denial
Correct Answer
A. DisplacementExplanation
Displacement is a defense mechanism where a person redirects their emotions or impulses from one target to another, typically less threatening target. In this scenario, the parents are experiencing intense emotions and frustration due to the diagnosis and prognosis of their child. However, instead of directing their anger towards the physician or the situation itself, they engage in a severe argument over something trivial. This behavior indicates that they are displacing their emotions from the actual source onto a less threatening target, which is a characteristic of displacement as a defense mechanism.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A 6 year-old child having a terminal illness is demanding of the staff. The child asks for several privileges that other children on the unit do not have, such as staying up late to watch TV and eating candy. It is known to staff members that the child does not have long to live. Which can best encourage and be of assistance to the staff members in coping with the child’s demands?
- A.
Recognize that the dying has unique needs, and special privileges can provide the necessary security.
- B.
Set reasonable limits to help the child become more secure and content.
- C.
Give the child some extra treats so they will feel less anxiety after the child dies.
- D.
Give as many extra treats as possible, because the child is dying.
Correct Answer
B. Set reasonable limits to help the child become more secure and content.Explanation
Setting reasonable limits to help the child become more secure and content is the best way to encourage and assist the staff members in coping with the child's demands. This approach acknowledges the unique needs of a dying child while also providing a sense of security and structure. By setting boundaries, the staff can create a safe environment for the child while still allowing them to have some privileges. This approach promotes the child's well-being and helps the staff manage the situation effectively.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A child dies after an explosion at the church. The parents arrive at the hospital after being told of what happened. When asked by the parents if they can see their child, which should be the nurse best response?
- A.
“It will be less traumatic if you see your child at the funeral home.
- B.
“You’ll have to wait until the physician can be with you.
- C.
“let’s go see your child now.”
- D.
“It’s best to wait for a while.”
Correct Answer
C. “let’s go see your child now.”Explanation
The nurse's best response would be "let's go see your child now." This response shows empathy and understanding towards the parents' emotional state, allowing them to see their child and begin the grieving process. It acknowledges the parents' need to be with their child during such a difficult time, providing them with support and comfort.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Antonia, a 35-year-old woman was brought to a mental health hospital by her husband. She is in a stupor and her husband states that her drinking has increased in the last 3 years since their daughter died. Based on this history, which of the following tentative nursing diagnosis the nurse should make?
- A.
Disturbed Thought Process
- B.
Disturbed personal identity
- C.
Dysfunctional Grieving
- D.
Disabled Family Coping
Correct Answer
C. Dysfunctional GrievingExplanation
Based on the information provided, the nurse should make a tentative nursing diagnosis of Dysfunctional Grieving. Antonia's husband states that her drinking has increased since their daughter died, suggesting that she may be using alcohol as a coping mechanism to deal with her grief. This indicates that Antonia is experiencing difficulties in processing and coping with her grief, which aligns with the nursing diagnosis of Dysfunctional Grieving.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Marissa lost her son in a car accident. She tells the nurse that her son just go well from having flu and is not supposed to attend school, but she insisted that she go. Marissa cries bitterly and blames herself for the death of her son. The nurse should understand that perceiving a death as preventable will often influence the grieving process in that:
- A.
It causes the mourner to experience a pathologic grief reaction.
- B.
Bereavement may be greater intensity and duration.
- C.
The grieving process may progress to a psychiatric illness.
- D.
The loss may be easier to understand and to accept.
Correct Answer
B. Bereavement may be greater intensity and duration.Explanation
Perceiving a death as preventable can intensify and prolong the grieving process. Marissa blaming herself for her son's death suggests that she believes she could have done something to prevent it, which can lead to feelings of guilt, regret, and self-blame. These intense emotions can make the bereavement experience more intense and last longer.Rate this question:
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- 6.
During shock phase of a grief reaction, which should be the initial nursing intervention for the significant others?
- A.
Presenting full reality of the loss to the individuals.
- B.
Directing the individuals’ activities at this time.
- C.
Mobilizing the individuals’ support systems.
- D.
Staying with the individuals involved.
Correct Answer
D. Staying with the individuals involved.Explanation
During the shock phase of a grief reaction, the initial nursing intervention for significant others should be staying with the individuals involved. This is because during this phase, individuals are in a state of disbelief and may feel overwhelmed and confused. By staying with them, the nurse provides emotional support and reassurance, helping them cope with the initial shock and facilitating their understanding of the situation. Directing activities, presenting reality, and mobilizing support systems may be appropriate interventions in later phases of grief, but during the shock phase, staying with the individuals is the most immediate and beneficial intervention.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Soon after the death of Linda’s husband following a long illness, She visits the mental health clinic with complains of malaise, lethargy, and insomnia. The nurse, knowing that it is most important to help the wife cope with her husband’s death, should attempt to determine the:
- A.
Compensation
- B.
Displacement
- C.
Projection
- D.
Denial
Correct Answer
A. CompensationExplanation
After the death of Linda's husband, she is experiencing symptoms such as malaise, lethargy, and insomnia. These symptoms could be indicative of grief and mourning. The nurse understands that it is crucial to help Linda cope with her husband's death. Compensation is a defense mechanism in which an individual tries to make up for a perceived weakness or loss by emphasizing or overachieving in another aspect of their life. In this case, Linda may be using compensation to cope with her husband's death by focusing on other areas of her life or by taking on new responsibilities or interests.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Paris’ stream of consciousness is occupied exclusively with thoughts of Michael Jackson’s death. The nurse should plan to help the client through this stage of grieving, which is known as:
- A.
Restitution and recovery
- B.
Developing awareness
- C.
Resolving the loss
- D.
Shock and disbelief
Correct Answer
C. Resolving the lossExplanation
The correct answer is "Resolving the loss." Paris' stream of consciousness being occupied exclusively with thoughts of Michael Jackson's death indicates that she is in the stage of grieving where she is actively processing and coming to terms with the loss. This stage involves accepting the reality of the loss and finding ways to cope with the emotions associated with it. The nurse should plan to help Paris navigate through this stage by providing support, guidance, and resources to facilitate her healing process.Rate this question:
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- 9.
When an individual successfully completes the grieving process after the death of a significant other, the individual will be able to:
- A.
Focus mainly on the good qualities of the person who died.
- B.
Remember the significant other realistically
- C.
Go on with life while forgetting the past
- D.
Accept the inevitability of death
Correct Answer
B. Remember the significant other realisticallyExplanation
When an individual successfully completes the grieving process after the death of a significant other, they are able to remember the significant other realistically. This means that they are able to acknowledge both the positive and negative aspects of the person who died, and have a balanced and accurate view of their relationship. They are able to accept the flaws and imperfections of the deceased, as well as appreciate their positive qualities. This realistic remembrance allows the individual to move forward in life while still honoring the memory of their loved one.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A plan of care is discussed by the nurse to a depressed client whose wife has just died. The nurse understands that it would be most helpful to:
- A.
Talk with the client about her husband and the details of his death.
- B.
Motivate the client to interact with male clients and the staff.
- C.
Encourage client to talk about and plan for the future.
- D.
Involve the client in group exercises and games
Correct Answer
A. Talk with the client about her husband and the details of his death. -
- 11.
Cristy is diagnosed with dementia (multi-infarct dementia) after a brain attack. Her history reveals a trial fibrillation. When comparing assessments of clients with vascular dementia of the Alzheimer’s type, which factor is distinctive to vascular dementia?
- A.
Inability to use words to communicate
- B.
Abrupt onset of symptoms
- C.
Difficulty making decisions
- D.
Memory impairment
Correct Answer
B. Abrupt onset of symptomsExplanation
Vascular dementia is characterized by a sudden and abrupt onset of symptoms, which sets it apart from other types of dementia such as Alzheimer's disease. This abrupt onset is typically associated with a stroke or a series of small strokes that result in damage to the brain. In contrast, Alzheimer's disease usually has a more gradual onset and progression of symptoms. Therefore, the distinctive factor to vascular dementia is the abrupt onset of symptoms.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Alfredo has had a problem recalling his daily schedule and finding the right words to express himself. He is diagnosed as having dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. The nurse is aware that symptoms of this disorder:
- A.
Frequently begin after a loss of self-esteem
- B.
Develop over a long period
- C.
Have periods of remission
- D.
Usually occur fairly rapidly
Correct Answer
B. Develop over a long periodExplanation
The correct answer is "Develop over a long period." This is because dementia of the Alzheimer's type is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that affects memory, thinking, and behavior. The symptoms typically worsen over time and develop gradually, often starting with mild memory loss and progressing to severe cognitive impairment. There is no cure for Alzheimer's disease, and the progression of symptoms can span several years or even decades.Rate this question:
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- 13.
When Assessing a client with a cognitive disorder, which of the following behavior related to an alteration in the mood the nurse should identify?
- A.
Delusions and hallucinations
- B.
Reverse day and night activities
- C.
Telling sexually explicit jokes
- D.
Hoards food
Correct Answer
D. Hoards foodExplanation
When assessing a client with a cognitive disorder, the nurse should identify hoarding food as a behavior related to an alteration in mood. Hoarding food can be indicative of a change in the client's mood, such as increased anxiety or a feeling of insecurity. It may also suggest a loss of impulse control or a need for control over their environment. This behavior can be a manifestation of the cognitive disorder and should be addressed by the nurse as part of the client's care plan.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Aling Dionisia has dementia. She is living with Manny before hospitalization. She is discharged with a referral to the visiting nurse. When the nurse visits, Aling Dionisia is bed sleeping at 10 A.M. Manny states that he gives her mother sleeping pills to stop her wandering at night. The nurse should:
- A.
Emphasize with the daughter but suggest the wrist restraints would be better
- B.
Explore the use of a home health aide to sit with the client at night.
- C.
Suggest moving the client among family members on a monthly basis
- D.
Discuss the possibility of placing the client in a nursing home.
Correct Answer
B. Explore the use of a home health aide to sit with the client at night.Explanation
Given that Aling Dionisia has dementia and Manny admits to giving her sleeping pills to prevent her from wandering at night, it is clear that she requires supervision and assistance during the night. The nurse should explore the use of a home health aide to sit with the client at night, as this would provide the necessary support and ensure her safety while allowing her to stay in her own home. This option addresses the issue at hand and provides a practical solution for the situation.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The nurse had a conversation with a client having substance – induced persisting dementia, the client cannot remember facts and fills in the gaps with imaginary information. The nurse is aware that this is typical of:
- A.
Associative looseness
- B.
Confabulation
- C.
Flight of ideas
- D.
Concretism
Correct Answer
B. ConfabulationExplanation
Confabulation is a term used to describe the phenomenon where an individual fills in gaps in their memory with fabricated or imaginary information. In the case of a client with substance-induced persisting dementia, the fact that they cannot remember facts and instead creates imaginary information aligns with the characteristic of confabulation. This is a common symptom seen in individuals with certain types of dementia, where memory deficits lead to the creation of false memories as a way to compensate for the gaps in their recollection.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which should the nurse expect to note for its presence while taking health history from a client who has moderate level of cognitive impairment due to dementia?
- A.
Accentuated premorbid traits
- B.
Enhanced intelligence
- C.
Increase inhibition
- D.
Hypervigilance
Correct Answer
A. Accentuated premorbid traitsExplanation
The nurse should expect to note accentuated premorbid traits while taking the health history from a client with moderate cognitive impairment due to dementia. This means that the client's previous personality traits or characteristics may become more pronounced or exaggerated. This can include behaviors, preferences, or attitudes that were present before the onset of dementia.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Cora is admitted with a diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type. The nurse recognizes that this disorder is a :
- A.
Cognitive problem that is slow, relentless, diffuse deterioration of the mind
- B.
Disorder that is easily diagnosed through laboratory and psychologic tests.
- C.
Nonorganic disorder that occurs in the later years of life
- D.
Problem that first emerges in the 3rd decade of life
Correct Answer
A. Cognitive problem that is slow, relentless, diffuse deterioration of the mindExplanation
Dementia of the Alzheimer's type is a cognitive problem characterized by a slow and relentless deterioration of the mind. It is a progressive disorder that affects various cognitive functions such as memory, thinking, and behavior. This disorder is not easily diagnosed through laboratory and psychological tests alone, as it requires a comprehensive evaluation and ruling out of other possible causes. It typically occurs in the later years of life, rather than emerging in the third decade.Rate this question:
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- 18.
An 80-year-old client is admitted to the hospital with the diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type and depression. The client has all the following signs. Which is unrelated to depressions?
- A.
Apathetic response to the environment
- B.
“I don’t know” answers to questions
- C.
Neglect of personal hygiene
- D.
Loss of memory
Correct Answer
D. Loss of memoryExplanation
Loss of memory is unrelated to depression. While depression can cause cognitive impairments and difficulties with memory, loss of memory is more commonly associated with dementia, such as Alzheimer's disease. Depression may cause symptoms such as apathy, lack of motivation, and neglect of personal hygiene, but it does not directly cause memory loss.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Which h of the following the nurse should consider when planning activities for an older nursing home client?
- A.
Provide familiar activities that the resident can successfully complete
- B.
Offer challenging activities to maintain the resident’s contact with reality
- C.
Ensure that the resident actively participates in the unit’s daily activities
- D.
Plan varied activities that will keep the resident occupied.
Correct Answer
A. Provide familiar activities that the resident can successfully completeExplanation
The nurse should consider providing familiar activities that the resident can successfully complete when planning activities for an older nursing home client. This is important because familiar activities help to maintain a sense of familiarity and comfort for the resident, promoting a sense of independence and self-confidence. By engaging in activities that the resident is familiar with and can successfully complete, they are more likely to experience a sense of accomplishment and enjoyment, which can contribute to their overall well-being and quality of life.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Peter has a diagnosis of dementia of the Alzheimer’s type, stage 1. He is living at home with his adult son. To best address the functional and behavioral changes associated with this stage, the nurse should encourage the daughter to:
- A.
Perform care so that the mother does not need to make decisions.
- B.
Post a schedule of mother’s daily activities
- C.
Place the mother in a long term care facility
- D.
Provide the mother’s basic physical needs
Correct Answer
B. Post a schedule of mother’s daily activitiesExplanation
To best address the functional and behavioral changes associated with stage 1 dementia of the Alzheimer's type, the nurse should encourage the daughter to post a schedule of her mother's daily activities. This is because individuals with dementia often struggle with memory and cognitive function, and having a structured routine can help them feel more secure and reduce confusion. A schedule will provide the mother with a sense of familiarity and enable her to anticipate and participate in her daily activities more effectively. It can also help the daughter in providing consistent care and support.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The interrelationships in the family of an adolescent with anorexia nervosa is assessed. Which of the following the nurse would probably observe?
- A.
Inadequate conflict resolution skills
- B.
Parental disinterest in the adolescent
- C.
Rigid personal boundaries
- D.
Ambivalence about issues
Correct Answer
A. Inadequate conflict resolution skillsExplanation
The nurse would probably observe inadequate conflict resolution skills in the family of an adolescent with anorexia nervosa. This is because individuals with anorexia nervosa often struggle with expressing their needs and emotions effectively, leading to difficulties in resolving conflicts within the family. This can contribute to a strained family dynamic and further exacerbate the adolescent's eating disorder.Rate this question:
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- 22.
An 18-year-old client with anorexia nervosa is admitted by the nurse. During taking of client’s history and physical assessment, it is unlikely tht the client’s condition would reveal:
- A.
Hypertension
- B.
Constipation
- C.
Amenorrhea
- D.
Alopecia
Correct Answer
A. HypertensionExplanation
Patients with anorexia nervosa typically have low blood pressure rather than hypertension. This is because they have a decreased intake of food and nutrients, which can lead to a decrease in blood volume and a drop in blood pressure. Hypertension is not commonly associated with anorexia nervosa and is therefore unlikely to be revealed during the client's assessment.Rate this question:
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- 23.
A newly admitted client was admitted with bulimia nervosa. The nurse in a mental health facility determines that the priority nursing intervention would be:
- A.
Involve the client in developing a daily meal plan
- B.
Teach the client to measure intake and output
- C.
Monitor the client continually
- D.
Observe the client during meals
Correct Answer
C. Monitor the client continuallyExplanation
The priority nursing intervention for a newly admitted client with bulimia nervosa would be to monitor the client continually. This is important because bulimia nervosa is characterized by episodes of binge eating followed by purging behaviors, such as self-induced vomiting or excessive exercise. Continual monitoring would help ensure the client's safety and prevent any potential harm that may arise from these behaviors. It would also allow the nurse to assess the client's physical and mental well-being, as well as provide support and intervention as needed.Rate this question:
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- 24.
A Female adolescent client with anorexia nervosa is interviewed. She is malnourished and severely underweight. Which of the following statements made by the client, the nurse identify as a secondary gain behavior?
- A.
“My mother keeps trying to get me to eat.”
- B.
“My hair is beginning to fall out.”
- C.
“I get straight A’s in school.”
- D.
“I am fat as a house.”
Correct Answer
A. “My mother keeps trying to get me to eat.”Explanation
The statement "My mother keeps trying to get me to eat" is identified as a secondary gain behavior because it suggests that the client may be receiving attention or some form of reinforcement from her mother for not eating. This behavior may be reinforcing the client's desire to continue restricting her food intake, despite the negative consequences of malnourishment and severe underweight.Rate this question:
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- 25.
A major identifiable difference between clients with anorexia nervosa and clients with bulimia nervosa is that clients with anorexia usually:
- A.
Deny the problem, whereas clients with bulimia generally recognize that their eating pattern is abnormal
- B.
Are at greater risk for fluid and electrolyte imbalances than are clients with bulimia
- C.
Seek intimate relationships whereas clients with bulimia avoid them
- D.
Tend to be extroverted than clients with bulimia nervosa
Correct Answer
A. Deny the problem, whereas clients with bulimia generally recognize that their eating pattern is abnormalExplanation
Clients with anorexia nervosa usually deny the problem, whereas clients with bulimia nervosa generally recognize that their eating pattern is abnormal. This difference in perception is a key distinguishing factor between the two disorders. Anorexic clients often have a distorted body image and are in denial about their low body weight and unhealthy eating habits. On the other hand, individuals with bulimia are more likely to acknowledge that their binge-eating and purging behaviors are abnormal. This difference in awareness can impact the treatment approach and interventions used for each disorder.Rate this question:
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