Immunology Quiz- Antigen Processing And Presentation

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Immunology Quiz- Antigen Processing And Presentation - Quiz

Get ready for an immunology quiz that we have brought here for you. Antigen processing, or the cytosolic pathway, is meant by an immunological process that prepares antigens for presentation to special cells of the immune system that is called T lymphocytes. The quiz is about antigen processing and presentation. Here will be asking you a few questions that will be useful not only for your test but also to give you more in-depth knowledge of the subject. We hope you do your best!

Questions and Answers

1.

The____ T cell-APC interaction is MHC____-restricted, and the____ T cell-target cell interaction is MHC____-restricted.
- A.
  
  CD4+; Class I; CD8+; Class II
- B.
  
  CD4+; Class II; CD8+; Class I
- C.
  
  CD8+; Class I; CD4+; Class II
- D.
  
  CD8+; Class II; CD4+; Class I
Correct Answer
B. CD4+; Class II; CD8+; Class I

Explanation
The correct answer is CD4+; Class II; CD8+; Class I. This is because CD4+ T cells interact with antigen-presenting cells (APCs) through MHC Class II molecules, while CD8+ T cells interact with target cells through MHC Class I molecules. This interaction is MHC-restricted, meaning that the T cell receptor can only recognize antigens presented on MHC molecules that match its own specificity. Therefore, CD4+ T cells specifically interact with MHC Class II molecules, and CD8+ T cells specifically interact with MHC Class I molecules.

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2.

Which of the following describes where class I MHC is found and not where class II MHC is found?
- A.
  
  B cells
- B.
  
  Dendritic cells
- C.
  
  Macrophages
- D.
  
  Antigen-presenting cells (A, B, & C)
- E.
  
  All nucleated cells
Correct Answer
E. All nucleated cells

Explanation
Class I MHC molecules are found on the surface of all nucleated cells. This means that every cell in the body that has a nucleus will display class I MHC molecules on its surface. On the other hand, class II MHC molecules are primarily found on antigen-presenting cells such as B cells, dendritic cells, and macrophages. These cells are specialized in capturing and presenting antigens to activate the immune response. Therefore, the correct answer is "All nucleated cells" because class I MHC is found on all cells, while class II MHC is not.

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3.

Peptides antigens generated in the cytosolic compartment (intracellular infection, e.g. virus) bind to____ MHC molecules for presentation to____ T cells. Peptide antigens generated in vesicles (extracellular infection, e.g. bacteria) bind to____ MHC molecules for presentation to____ T cells.
- A.
  
  Class I; CD4+; Class II; CD8+
- B.
  
  Class II; CD4+; Class I; CD8+
- C.
  
  Class I; CD8+; Class II; CD4+
- D.
  
  Class II; CD8+; Class I; CD4+
Correct Answer
C. Class I; CD8+; Class II; CD4+

Explanation
Peptide antigens generated in the cytosolic compartment, such as during intracellular infections like viruses, bind to Class I MHC molecules for presentation to CD8+ T cells. On the other hand, peptide antigens generated in vesicles, such as during extracellular infections like bacteria, bind to Class II MHC molecules for presentation to CD4+ T cells.

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4.

In the processing pathway for extracellular antigens, synthesis of MHC class II and invariant chain (li) occurs in the____.
- A.
  
  Cytosol
- B.
  
  Golgi apparatus
- C.
  
  Endoplasmic reticulum
- D.
  
  Ribosomes
- E.
  
  Lysosomes
Correct Answer
C. Endoplasmic reticulum

Explanation
In the processing pathway for extracellular antigens, synthesis of MHC class II and invariant chain (li) occurs in the endoplasmic reticulum. The endoplasmic reticulum is responsible for protein synthesis and folding, and it is where MHC class II molecules and the invariant chain are synthesized before being transported to the Golgi apparatus for further processing and maturation. The other options, such as cytosol, ribosomes, and lysosomes, are not involved in the synthesis of MHC class II and invariant chain in the processing pathway for extracellular antigens.

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5.

The invariant chain____ the empty peptide-binding groove. After vesicle fusion, the invariant chain is____, and peptides can enter the MHC class II grove.
- A.
  
  Activates; Added
- B.
  
  Activates; Degraded
- C.
  
  Blocks; Added
- D.
  
  Blocks; Degraded
Correct Answer
D. Blocks; Degraded

Explanation
The correct answer is "Blocks; Degraded". The invariant chain blocks the empty peptide-binding groove, preventing peptides from entering. However, after vesicle fusion, the invariant chain is degraded, allowing peptides to enter the MHC class II groove.

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6.

In the processing pathway for intracellular antigens, the proteasome will____ viral protein molecules until peptides of____ residues are formed; these can bind to class I MHC molecules.
- A.
  
  Build; 8-11
- B.
  
  Build; 9-30
- C.
  
  Break down; 8-11
- D.
  
  Break down; 9-30
Correct Answer
C. Break down; 8-11

Explanation
The proteasome plays a crucial role in the processing pathway for intracellular antigens. It breaks down viral protein molecules until peptides of 8-11 residues are formed. These peptides are then able to bind to class I MHC molecules, which is essential for the immune system to recognize and respond to the viral antigens.

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7.

The transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP)____ the peptides to traverse the membrane bilayer of the endoplasmic reticulum and bind in the empty the peptide-binding groove of nascent MHC____ molecules being synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum.
- A.
  
  Permits; Class I
- B.
  
  Permits; Class II
- C.
  
  Does not allow; Class I
- D.
  
  Does not allow; Class II
Correct Answer
A. Permits; Class I

Explanation
TAP permits the peptides to traverse the membrane bilayer of the endoplasmic reticulum and bind in the empty peptide-binding groove of nascent MHC Class I molecules being synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum.

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8.

Mutations in TAP-1 or TAP-2 may alter the function of the heterodimer TAP. Which of the following is common for patients with TAP mutations?
- A.
  
  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection
- B.
  
  Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS)
- C.
  
  Upper respiratory tract infections
- D.
  
  Coagulation disorders (hemophilia)
- E.
  
  Systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS, sepsis)
Correct Answer
C. Upper respiratory tract infections

Explanation
Mutations in TAP-1 or TAP-2 can affect the function of the TAP heterodimer, which is involved in antigen presentation. Antigen presentation is crucial for the activation of the immune system and the recognition of pathogens. Therefore, when TAP function is compromised, it can lead to a weakened immune response, making individuals more susceptible to infections, particularly in the upper respiratory tract. This explains why upper respiratory tract infections are common in patients with TAP mutations.

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9.

Certain strains of adenovirus express a protein that inhibits the transcription of class. I MHC molecules. What is the consequence of this?
- A.
  
  Reduced likelihood that peptides will be expressed at the cell surface
- B.
  
  Fewer peptides are available to bind to class I MHC.
- C.
  
  Reduced number of class I MHC molecules available to display peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes
- D.
  
  None of these
Correct Answer
C. Reduced number of class I MHC molecules available to display peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes

Explanation
The correct answer is "Reduced number of class I MHC molecules available to display peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes." This is because the protein expressed by certain strains of adenovirus inhibits the transcription of class I MHC molecules. Class I MHC molecules are responsible for presenting peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes, which are important for immune responses. Therefore, if the transcription of class I MHC molecules is inhibited, there will be a reduced number of these molecules available to display peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes.

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10.

A protein of herpes simplex virus (HSV) binds to TAP and inhibits peptide transport into the endoplasmic reticulum. What is the consequence of this?
- A.
  
  Reduced likelihood that peptides will be expressed at the cell surface
- B.
  
  Fewer peptides are available to bind to class I MHC.
- C.
  
  Reduced number of class I MHC molecules available to display peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes
- D.
  
  None of these
Correct Answer
B. Fewer peptides are available to bind to class I MHC.

Explanation
The consequence of the protein of herpes simplex virus (HSV) binding to TAP and inhibiting peptide transport into the endoplasmic reticulum is that fewer peptides will be available to bind to class I MHC molecules. Class I MHC molecules are responsible for presenting peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes, which are important for immune responses. Therefore, if fewer peptides are available, there will be a reduced number of class I MHC molecules available to display peptides to CD8+ lymphocytes. This can ultimately affect the immune response against HSV.

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Current Version
Jun 26, 2023

Quiz Edited by
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May 11, 2011

Quiz Created by
Smb6

Immunology Quiz- Antigen Processing And Presentation

The T cell-APC interaction is MHC-restricted, and the T cell-target cell interaction is MHC-restricted.

Which of the following describes where class I MHC is found and not where class II MHC is found?

Peptides antigens generated in the cytosolic compartment (intracellular infection, e.g. virus) bind to MHC molecules for presentation to T cells. Peptide antigens generated in vesicles (extracellular infection, e.g. bacteria) bind to MHC molecules for presentation to T cells.

In the processing pathway for extracellular antigens, synthesis of MHC class II and invariant chain (li) occurs in the____.

The invariant chain the empty peptide-binding groove. After vesicle fusion, the invariant chain is, and peptides can enter the MHC class II grove.

In the processing pathway for intracellular antigens, the proteasome will viral protein molecules until peptides of residues are formed; these can bind to class I MHC molecules.

The transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP) the peptides to traverse the membrane bilayer of the endoplasmic reticulum and bind in the empty the peptide-binding groove of nascent MHC molecules being synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Mutations in TAP-1 or TAP-2 may alter the function of the heterodimer TAP. Which of the following is common for patients with TAP mutations?

Certain strains of adenovirus express a protein that inhibits the transcription of class. I MHC molecules. What is the consequence of this?

A protein of herpes simplex virus (HSV) binds to TAP and inhibits peptide transport into the endoplasmic reticulum. What is the consequence of this?

Immunology Quiz- Antigen Processing And Presentation

The____ T cell-APC interaction is MHC____-restricted, and the____ T cell-target cell interaction is MHC____-restricted.

Which of the following describes where class I MHC is found and not where class II MHC is found?

Peptides antigens generated in the cytosolic compartment (intracellular infection, e.g. virus) bind to____ MHC molecules for presentation to____ T cells. Peptide antigens generated in vesicles (extracellular infection, e.g. bacteria) bind to____ MHC molecules for presentation to____ T cells.

In the processing pathway for extracellular antigens, synthesis of MHC class II and invariant chain (li) occurs in the____.

The invariant chain____ the empty peptide-binding groove. After vesicle fusion, the invariant chain is____, and peptides can enter the MHC class II grove.

In the processing pathway for intracellular antigens, the proteasome will____ viral protein molecules until peptides of____ residues are formed; these can bind to class I MHC molecules.

The transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP)____ the peptides to traverse the membrane bilayer of the endoplasmic reticulum and bind in the empty the peptide-binding groove of nascent MHC____ molecules being synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum.

Mutations in TAP-1 or TAP-2 may alter the function of the heterodimer TAP. Which of the following is common for patients with TAP mutations?

Certain strains of adenovirus express a protein that inhibits the transcription of class. I MHC molecules. What is the consequence of this?

A protein of herpes simplex virus (HSV) binds to TAP and inhibits peptide transport into the endoplasmic reticulum. What is the consequence of this?

The T cell-APC interaction is MHC-restricted, and the T cell-target cell interaction is MHC-restricted.

Peptides antigens generated in the cytosolic compartment (intracellular infection, e.g. virus) bind to MHC molecules for presentation to T cells. Peptide antigens generated in vesicles (extracellular infection, e.g. bacteria) bind to MHC molecules for presentation to T cells.

The invariant chain the empty peptide-binding groove. After vesicle fusion, the invariant chain is, and peptides can enter the MHC class II grove.

In the processing pathway for intracellular antigens, the proteasome will viral protein molecules until peptides of residues are formed; these can bind to class I MHC molecules.

The transporter associated with antigen presentation (TAP) the peptides to traverse the membrane bilayer of the endoplasmic reticulum and bind in the empty the peptide-binding groove of nascent MHC molecules being synthesized in the endoplasmic reticulum.