Quarter 3 Practice Assessment
Use this practice assessment to see if you are prepared to take the actual assessment on Tuesday the 26th.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Acid rain wearing away the face of a statue is an example of
- A.
Erosion
- B.
Physical weathering
- C.
Chemical weathering
- D.
Deposition
Correct Answer
C. Chemical weatheringExplanation
The process of acid rain wearing away the face of a statue is an example of chemical weathering. Acid rain, which is formed when pollutants in the atmosphere react with water, contains acidic substances that can corrode and dissolve the minerals present in the statue's surface. This chemical reaction causes the gradual deterioration and wearing away of the statue's face over time.Rate this question:
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- 2.
A nail rusting would be an example of
- A.
Chemical weathering
- B.
Physical weathering
- C.
Erosion
- D.
Acid attack
Correct Answer
A. Chemical weatheringExplanation
A nail rusting is an example of chemical weathering because it involves a chemical reaction between the iron in the nail and oxygen in the air or water. This reaction causes the formation of iron oxide, which is the rust. Chemical weathering refers to the breakdown of rocks or minerals through chemical reactions, and in this case, the chemical reaction causes the nail to deteriorate and weaken over time.Rate this question:
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- 3.
A round smooth rock was most likely formed by
- A.
Gravity
- B.
A glacier
- C.
Flowing water
- D.
Acid rain
Correct Answer
C. Flowing waterExplanation
A round smooth rock is most likely formed by flowing water. Water flowing in rivers or streams can erode and shape rocks over time, creating smooth and rounded surfaces. The constant movement and force of the water can wear away rough edges and create a polished appearance on the rock's surface. Glaciers can also shape rocks, but they typically leave behind more angular and rough features rather than smooth and rounded ones. Gravity and acid rain do not directly contribute to the formation of round smooth rocks.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Tree roots cracking the sidewalk are an example of
- A.
Chemical weathering
- B.
Organic weathering
- C.
Erosion
- D.
Mechanical weathering
Correct Answer
D. Mechanical weatheringExplanation
Tree roots cracking the sidewalk are an example of mechanical weathering. Mechanical weathering refers to the physical breakdown of rocks and minerals into smaller pieces without any change in their chemical composition. In this case, the pressure exerted by the growing tree roots causes the sidewalk to crack and break apart, demonstrating the physical force involved in mechanical weathering.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Cracks in your driveway that form after freezing and thawing are likely the result of
- A.
Chemical weathering
- B.
Erosion
- C.
Mechanical weathering
- D.
Acid deposition
Correct Answer
C. Mechanical weatheringExplanation
Cracks in a driveway that form after freezing and thawing are likely the result of mechanical weathering. This is because the repeated freezing and thawing of water in the cracks exerts pressure on the surrounding material, causing it to weaken and eventually crack. This process is known as frost wedging, which is a common form of mechanical weathering. Chemical weathering involves the breakdown of rocks due to chemical reactions, erosion refers to the movement of weathered material, and acid deposition is the deposition of acidic substances on the surface of materials.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Solar power is renewable because
- A.
It is a free resource
- B.
There is a limited amount and we could run out
- C.
It does not pollute
- D.
We will never run out of it
Correct Answer
D. We will never run out of itExplanation
Solar power is renewable because it is derived from the sun, which is an inexhaustible source of energy. As long as the sun continues to exist, we will have access to solar power. Unlike fossil fuels, which are finite and can be depleted, solar power is constantly replenished. This makes it a sustainable and reliable source of energy for the future. Additionally, solar power does not produce any pollutants or greenhouse gases, making it environmentally friendly and contributing to a cleaner and healthier planet.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Sediment settling on the bottom of a river would be an example of
- A.
Deposition
- B.
Erosion
- C.
Compaction
- D.
Weathering
Correct Answer
A. DepositionExplanation
Sediment settling on the bottom of a river refers to the process of deposition. Deposition occurs when particles carried by water, wind, or ice settle down and come to rest. In this case, the sediment is being deposited or laid down on the riverbed. Erosion, on the other hand, involves the movement of sediments from one place to another, while compaction and weathering are not relevant to the specific scenario described.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Sediment being carried to a new location would be an example of
- A.
Deposition
- B.
Weathering
- C.
Compaction
- D.
Erosion
Correct Answer
D. ErosionExplanation
Erosion refers to the process of transporting sediment from one location to another. This can occur through the action of wind, water, or ice, which carry and deposit the sediment in new areas. Therefore, sediment being carried to a new location is an example of erosion.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Petroleum is a nonrenewable resource because
- A.
There is a limited amount and we could run out
- B.
We are using it slower than it is being made
- C.
It pollutes the environment
- D.
It costs money to use
Correct Answer
A. There is a limited amount and we could run outExplanation
Petroleum is considered a nonrenewable resource because there is a limited amount available and it is possible for us to exhaust its supply. Unlike renewable resources that can be replenished naturally over time, petroleum is formed over millions of years from the remains of ancient plants and animals. Since it takes such a long time for petroleum to be created, the rate at which we are using it exceeds the rate at which it is being produced, making it finite and nonrenewable. Therefore, there is a concern that if we continue to consume petroleum at the current rate, we may eventually deplete its reserves.Rate this question:
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- 10.
What was formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals and is found in Earth's crust?
- A.
Nuclear power
- B.
Geothermal
- C.
Coal
- D.
Solar Power
Correct Answer
C. CoalExplanation
Coal is formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that lived millions of years ago. Over time, the organic matter decomposed and was subjected to heat and pressure, resulting in the formation of coal. It is found in Earth's crust and is a fossil fuel that is widely used for energy production.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Recycle means
- A.
To find new uses for a product
- B.
To remake a product into a new one
- C.
To limit your use of a product
- D.
To make a product into energy
Correct Answer
B. To remake a product into a new oneExplanation
Recycle means to remake a product into a new one. This process involves taking used or discarded materials and transforming them into new products, reducing waste and conserving resources. By recycling, the materials are processed and reformed into a different product, reducing the need for raw materials and energy consumption. This practice helps to minimize environmental impact and promote sustainability.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Forests are a renewable resource because
- A.
They are unlimited and we can never run out of them
- B.
If we manage them properly we will not run out of them
- C.
They are free to use
- D.
They help the environment
Correct Answer
B. If we manage them properly we will not run out of themExplanation
Forests are considered a renewable resource because if they are managed properly, they can be replenished and sustained over time. This means that through responsible practices such as reforestation and sustainable logging, we can ensure that forests continue to exist and provide their benefits indefinitely. By actively managing forests, we can prevent depletion and ensure their availability for future generations.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The Marquart village sits at the bottom of a large hill. Most of the people either work at a local factory that makes plastic toys or for a lumber company that is cutting down the trees on the local hills. A recent landslide just covered half the village, what is the most likely cause?
- A.
The pollution from the factory caused the rocks of the hill to weaken
- B.
The factory's noise and rumbling caused the rocks and sediment to loosen
- C.
The clearing of trees caused the sediment and rocks to loosen
- D.
There is no way of knowing what caused the landslide
Correct Answer
C. The clearing of trees caused the sediment and rocks to loosenExplanation
The most likely cause of the landslide in the Marquart village is the clearing of trees. Cutting down the trees on the local hills would have disrupted the stability of the soil and loosened the sediment and rocks. This would have made the area more prone to landslides. The pollution from the factory or the noise and rumbling would not directly cause the rocks to weaken or loosen. Therefore, the clearing of trees is the most plausible explanation for the landslide.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Climate is determined by
- A.
Temperature and elevation
- B.
Wind and precipitation
- C.
Temperature and precipitation
- D.
Wind and temperature
Correct Answer
C. Temperature and precipitationExplanation
Climate is determined by temperature and precipitation because these two factors have a significant impact on the overall weather patterns and conditions in a specific region over a long period of time. Temperature refers to the average atmospheric conditions, including hot or cold temperatures, while precipitation refers to the amount and type of moisture that falls from the atmosphere, such as rain, snow, or hail. Together, temperature and precipitation influence the types of ecosystems, vegetation, and weather events that occur in a particular area, ultimately shaping its climate.Rate this question:
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- 15.
El Niño is caused by
- A.
The western Atlantic ocean getting warmer
- B.
The ice sheets of the arctic melting
- C.
A cold ocean current from the Pacific
- D.
The eastern Pacific ocean getting warmer
Correct Answer
D. The eastern Pacific ocean getting warmerExplanation
El Niño is caused by the eastern Pacific ocean getting warmer. This phenomenon occurs when the surface water temperature in the eastern Pacific Ocean becomes unusually warm, disrupting the normal climate patterns. The warm water leads to changes in atmospheric pressure, which in turn affects wind patterns and ocean currents. These changes can have far-reaching impacts on weather patterns worldwide, including increased rainfall in some areas and droughts in others. The warming of the eastern Pacific Ocean is a key factor in triggering the El Niño event.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the term used to describe the process that takes place after mining when the land is made useful again, usually by planting grass and other vegetation
- A.
Deforestation
- B.
Recycling
- C.
Reclamation
- D.
Clearing
Correct Answer
C. ReclamationExplanation
Reclamation is the term used to describe the process that takes place after mining when the land is made useful again, usually by planting grass and other vegetation. This involves restoring the land to its original or a similar state, allowing for sustainable land use and minimizing the environmental impact caused by mining activities. It aims to rehabilitate the land and create a productive and ecologically balanced environment.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What absorbs heat and sends it back to Earth, making the world warmer?
- A.
Greenhouse gases
- B.
The Gulf Stream
- C.
El Nino
- D.
Carbon monoxide
Correct Answer
A. Greenhouse gasesExplanation
Greenhouse gases are responsible for absorbing heat from the sun and trapping it in the Earth's atmosphere. This process is known as the greenhouse effect. The greenhouse gases, such as carbon dioxide, methane, and water vapor, act like a blanket around the Earth, preventing the heat from escaping back into space. As a result, the Earth's temperature increases, leading to global warming and climate change.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Global warming is known to cause
- A.
Glaciers to get larger
- B.
Sea level to rise
- C.
Droughts to happen in Maryland
- D.
Mountains to get less snow
Correct Answer
B. Sea level to riseExplanation
Global warming is caused by the increase in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, primarily due to human activities such as burning fossil fuels. These gases trap heat from the sun, leading to a rise in global temperatures. As temperatures increase, ice sheets and glaciers melt, contributing to the rise in sea levels. The melting of polar ice caps and glaciers adds more water to the oceans, causing them to expand. This expansion, combined with the thermal expansion of water due to higher temperatures, leads to a rise in sea levels. Therefore, global warming is known to cause sea levels to rise.Rate this question:
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- 19.
A car heating up on a sunny day is caused by
- A.
Global warming
- B.
Greenhouse gases
- C.
El Nino
- D.
The greenhouse effect
Correct Answer
D. The greenhouse effectExplanation
The greenhouse effect is the process where certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere trap heat from the sun, leading to an increase in temperature. When a car heats up on a sunny day, it is because the sunlight enters through the car's windows and gets absorbed by the interior surfaces. This absorbed energy is then radiated back as heat, but the greenhouse effect prevents it from escaping, causing the car to heat up. Global warming, greenhouse gases, and El Nino are related to the overall increase in Earth's temperature, but they are not the direct cause of a car heating up on a sunny day.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Mountains affect climate by causing
- A.
One side to be wet and one side to be dry
- B.
Both sides to be wet
- C.
Both sides to be dry
- D.
Both sides colder than they would be otherwise
Correct Answer
A. One side to be wet and one side to be dryExplanation
Mountains affect climate by causing one side to be wet and one side to be dry. This is known as the rain shadow effect. When moist air approaches a mountain, it is forced to rise due to the mountain's elevation. As the air rises, it cools and condenses, resulting in precipitation on the windward side of the mountain, making it wet. On the other side, known as the leeward side, the air descends and warms, causing it to become drier and creating a rain shadow. Thus, mountains can create distinct wet and dry regions on either side.Rate this question:
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- 21.
Florida has a different climate than Alaska because of
- A.
The location of mountains
- B.
Latitude
- C.
Altitude
- D.
Longitude
Correct Answer
B. LatitudeExplanation
The correct answer is latitude. Latitude refers to the distance of a location from the equator. Florida is located closer to the equator, which means it has a tropical climate with high temperatures and high humidity. On the other hand, Alaska is located farther from the equator, resulting in a colder climate with long winters and short summers. The difference in latitude is the main reason for the contrasting climates between Florida and Alaska.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Stormwater from Baltimore would
- A.
Hurt the Chesapeake Bay
- B.
Only hurt Baltimore
- C.
Not harm the environment because of new laws
- D.
Hurt only the Potomac river
Correct Answer
A. Hurt the Chesapeake BayExplanation
Stormwater from Baltimore would hurt the Chesapeake Bay because the city's stormwater runoff contains pollutants such as sediment, chemicals, and nutrients that can flow into the bay. These pollutants can negatively impact the water quality, ecosystem, and marine life in the Chesapeake Bay. Despite new laws and regulations, stormwater runoff from urban areas like Baltimore still poses a significant threat to the health of the bay.Rate this question:
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- 23.
Clearing is when
- A.
Forests are removed for coal mining
- B.
Bare land is covered with plants and grasses after mining
- C.
Rubble is dumped in a valley after mining
- D.
Explosives are used to dislodge rock on the mountain before mining
Correct Answer
A. Forests are removed for coal miningExplanation
Clearing is the process of removing forests for coal mining. This involves cutting down trees and removing vegetation in order to access the coal deposits beneath the surface. This is done to create space for mining operations and to extract the coal resources. Clearing can have significant environmental impacts, including habitat destruction, loss of biodiversity, and increased soil erosion.Rate this question:
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- 24.
What is a watershed?
- A.
A place where water is stored so it does not get polluted
- B.
An area of land that is wet all or part of the year
- C.
A large body of water
- D.
An area of land that is drained to the same location
Correct Answer
D. An area of land that is drained to the same locationExplanation
The correct answer is "An area of land that is drained to the same location." A watershed refers to an area of land where all the water, such as rain or snowmelt, drains or flows into a common location, such as a river, lake, or ocean. It is a geographical boundary that determines the flow of water and all the land within the watershed contributes to the water that ultimately ends up in the same location.Rate this question:
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- 25.
Forests are important for the bay's health because
- A.
They provide a home for deer
- B.
They help soak up pollution and excess nutrients
- C.
They are a great place to hike
- D.
They destroy litter
Correct Answer
B. They help soak up pollution and excess nutrientsExplanation
Forests are important for the bay's health because they help soak up pollution and excess nutrients. Forests act as natural filters, absorbing pollutants and excess nutrients from the surrounding environment. This helps to prevent these harmful substances from entering the bay and causing damage to the ecosystem. Additionally, forests play a crucial role in maintaining water quality by reducing runoff and erosion, further protecting the bay from pollution.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Deforestation is bad because
- A.
Trees provide oxygen for us to breath
- B.
Trees soak up C02 which is a greenhouse gas
- C.
Tree roots hold down soil and prevent mass movement
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Deforestation is bad because trees provide oxygen for us to breathe, they soak up CO2 which is a greenhouse gas, and tree roots hold down soil and prevent mass movement. These three reasons collectively make deforestation detrimental to the environment and human well-being. Without trees, the oxygen levels decrease, leading to respiratory issues. Additionally, the absence of trees allows CO2 to accumulate in the atmosphere, contributing to climate change. Moreover, tree roots play a crucial role in stabilizing soil, preventing erosion, and protecting against landslides. Therefore, all of the mentioned reasons explain why deforestation is considered harmful.Rate this question:
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- 27.
Nutrients are important to help plants and animals grow and develop. Nitrogen and Phosphorus are two nutrients that enter the Bay through human actions such as applying fertilizers, using household cleaners and raising farm animals. What do these nutrients do to the Bay?
- A.
They help bay grasses grow that provide habitat to plants and animals.
- B.
They cause algae to grow that causes dead zones.
- C.
They cause mutations in fish and other animals.
- D.
They cause invasive species to kill local plants and animals.
Correct Answer
B. They cause algae to grow that causes dead zones.Explanation
Nitrogen and phosphorus are nutrients that, when present in excess, can lead to an overgrowth of algae in the Bay. This excessive algae growth can deplete oxygen levels in the water, creating dead zones where marine life cannot survive. Therefore, the correct answer is "They cause algae to grow that causes dead zones."Rate this question:
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- 28.
Droughts in Australia and floods in South America are caused by
- A.
El Nino
- B.
Global warming
- C.
Pollution
- D.
The ozone layer's hole
Correct Answer
A. El NinoExplanation
El Nino is the correct answer because it is a climate phenomenon that occurs in the Pacific Ocean, leading to changes in weather patterns worldwide. During El Nino, warm oceanic waters shift eastward, causing droughts in Australia and floods in South America. This phenomenon disrupts the normal climate patterns and can have significant impacts on precipitation and temperature distribution globally. Global warming, pollution, and the ozone layer's hole can also have an impact on weather patterns, but they are not directly responsible for causing droughts in Australia and floods in South America.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Trees that are tilted on a hill are this way because of
- A.
Creep
- B.
Slump
- C.
Landslides
- D.
Erosion
Correct Answer
A. CreepExplanation
Trees that are tilted on a hill are this way because of creep. Creep refers to the slow movement of soil or rock downhill due to gravity. Over time, this gradual movement can cause the trees to lean or tilt. Unlike landslides or erosion, which involve more sudden and dramatic movements, creep occurs slowly and steadily, allowing the trees to gradually adjust their position to the changing slope of the hill.Rate this question:
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- 30.
In this image we, in the northern hemisphere, would be experiencing what season?
- A.
Winter
- B.
Spring
- C.
Summer
- D.
Fall
Correct Answer
C. SummerExplanation
The image indicates that it is summer in the northern hemisphere. This can be inferred from the fact that the trees in the image have lush green leaves, which is typical of summer when plants are in full bloom. Additionally, the image shows a clear blue sky and bright sunlight, which are characteristic of the summer season. Therefore, based on the visual cues, we can conclude that the correct answer is summer.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Can we run out of fossil fuels
- A.
Yes, because they are being remade very slowly
- B.
No, because they are constantly being remade
- C.
Yes, because no more are being made
- D.
No, because humans can make more of them
Correct Answer
A. Yes, because they are being remade very slowlyExplanation
Fossil fuels are formed from the remains of ancient plants and animals that have been buried and subjected to heat and pressure over millions of years. These processes take a significant amount of time, meaning that fossil fuels are being remade at a very slow pace. As a result, it is possible to run out of fossil fuels if we continue to consume them at a faster rate than they can be replenished. Therefore, the correct answer is "Yes, because they are being remade very slowly."Rate this question:
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- 32.
What could make a mushroom rock in a desert?
- A.
A glacier
- B.
Water
- C.
Wind
- D.
Gravity
Correct Answer
C. WindExplanation
Wind can make a mushroom rock in a desert because it has the force to erode and shape rocks over time. The constant blowing of wind can cause particles to be carried and impact the rock, gradually wearing it away and creating the mushroom-like formation. The wind can also create pressure differentials, causing the rock to become unbalanced and eventually topple over, further contributing to the mushroom shape.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Fossil fuels are formed from
- A.
Volcanic eruptions
- B.
The hardening of desert sand
- C.
The heat from inside the core
- D.
Ancient plants and animals
Correct Answer
D. Ancient plants and animalsExplanation
Fossil fuels are formed from ancient plants and animals. Over millions of years, the remains of these organisms are buried under layers of sediment. The pressure and heat from the Earth's crust cause the organic matter to undergo chemical changes, transforming it into fossil fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas. These fuels contain carbon and other elements that were originally present in the plants and animals, making them valuable sources of energy.Rate this question:
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- 34.
What do we use more of renewable or nonrenewable resources?
- A.
Renewable
- B.
Nonrenewable
- C.
We use the same amount of both
- D.
Neither
Correct Answer
B. NonrenewableExplanation
The correct answer is "nonrenewable" because we use more nonrenewable resources compared to renewable resources. Nonrenewable resources, such as fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas), are finite and take millions of years to form. On the other hand, renewable resources, like solar, wind, and hydroelectric power, are naturally replenished and can be used indefinitely. However, due to their limited availability and high demand, nonrenewable resources are being depleted at a faster rate than they can be replenished, making them the resources we use more of.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Physical weathering is when material is
- A.
Carried away
- B.
Broken down by chemical means
- C.
Broken down by mechanical means
- D.
Placed in a new location
Correct Answer
C. Broken down by mechanical meansExplanation
Physical weathering refers to the process by which rocks and other materials are broken down into smaller pieces without any change in their chemical composition. This occurs through mechanical means such as the action of wind, water, ice, and temperature changes. These forces exert pressure on the rocks, causing them to crack, chip, or break apart into smaller fragments. Therefore, the correct answer is "broken down by mechanical means."Rate this question:
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- 36.
The steepest angle at which material no longer moves downhill is called:
- A.
Mass movement
- B.
The angle of repose
- C.
Creep
- D.
Weathering
- E.
The angle of resistance
Correct Answer
B. The angle of reposeExplanation
The angle of repose refers to the steepest angle at which material can be piled or stacked without it sliding or flowing downhill. It represents the balance between the gravitational force pulling the material downward and the frictional forces between the particles. Once the angle of repose is exceeded, the material will start to move downhill due to gravity. This angle varies depending on the type and size of the material, as well as other factors such as moisture content.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The process that takes place after mining when dirt and rock are dumped in to a valley is called:
- A.
Valley fills
- B.
Clearing
- C.
Reclamation
- D.
Dump fills
Correct Answer
A. Valley fillsExplanation
Valley fills refer to the process of dumping dirt and rock into a valley after mining. This practice is commonly used to dispose of waste materials and reshape the landscape. It involves filling the valley with the excavated materials, which can alter the natural topography and potentially impact the surrounding environment. Valley fills are often a part of the reclamation process, where the land is restored and rehabilitated after mining activities.Rate this question:
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- 38.
What is the force behind all mass movement
- A.
Deforestation
- B.
Snow fall
- C.
Earthquakes
- D.
Gravity
Correct Answer
D. GravityExplanation
Gravity is the force behind all mass movement. It is the force that pulls objects towards the center of the Earth, causing them to move. Without gravity, objects would not have weight and would not be able to move or stay in place. Gravity is responsible for various phenomena such as the falling of objects, the movement of tides, and the orbit of planets around the sun. It is a fundamental force in the universe and plays a crucial role in shaping and influencing the movement of mass on Earth.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Apr 20, 2010Quiz Created by
Marquart
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