A&p Exam 3
Exam 3 - ready for the final?
- 1.
Which of the following structures surround the fascicles of a muscle?
- A.
Endomysium
- B.
Perimysium
- C.
Epimysium
- D.
Fascia
- E.
Sarcolemma
Correct Answer
B. Perimysium -
- 2.
Which of the following connective tissues surrounds the individual muscle cell or fiber?
- A.
Perimysium
- B.
Epimysium
- C.
Endomysium
- D.
Fascia
- E.
Elastic cartilage
Correct Answer
C. Endomysium -
- 3.
An example of a multipennate muscle would be the
- A.
Deltoid
- B.
Orbicularis oculi
- C.
Temporalis
- D.
Biceps brachii
- E.
Pectoralis major
Correct Answer
A. Deltoid -
- 4.
With regard to the muscle fiber arrangement in a fusiform muscle:
- A.
Has uniform width
- B.
Is fanshaped
- C.
Fascicles insert obliquely on the tendon
- D.
Are thick in the middle and tapered at the ends
- E.
form a ring around a body opening
Correct Answer
D. Are thick in the middle and tapered at the ends -
- 5.
A muscle that provides the major force during a joint action is called ______ while a muscle that aids with this process is called ______
- A.
An antagonist, a synergist
- B.
An antagonist, a fixator
- C.
A prime mover, a fixator
- D.
A synergist, an antagonist
- E.
A prime mover, a synergist
Correct Answer
E. A prime mover, a synergist -
- 6.
Which of the following muscles would be involved to produce horizontal wrinkles in the forehead?
- A.
The zygomaticus major
- B.
The orbicularis oris
- C.
The orbicularis oculi
- D.
The frontalis
- E.
The masseter
Correct Answer
D. The frontalis -
- 7.
All of the following muscles are involved in chewing and swallowing EXCEPT
- A.
Temporalis
- B.
Lateral pterygoid
- C.
Hypoglossus
- D.
Splenius capitis
- E.
Both A and D
Correct Answer
D. Splenius capitis -
- 8.
The ______ is an example of a neck "flexor" while the ______ is an example of a neck "extensor"
- A.
Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius
- B.
Scalenes, rhomboids
- C.
Zygomaticus minor, splenius capitis
- D.
Supraspinatus, trapezius
- E.
Sternocleidomastoid, buccinator
Correct Answer
A. Sternocleidomastoid, trapezius -
- 9.
All of the following are involved in the process of respiration EXCEPT
- A.
Diaphragm
- B.
Internal intercostals
- C.
Multifidus
- D.
Serratus anterior
- E.
Scalenes
Correct Answer
C. Multifidus -
- 10.
This back muscle extends from the cranium to the sacrum, ______, while this muscle is the largest of the superficial back muscles, ______.
- A.
Quadratus lumborum, latissiumus dorsi
- B.
Erector spinae, latissimus dorsi
- C.
Multifidus, trapezius
- D.
Quadratus lumborum, trapezius
- E.
Erector spinae, serratus posterior
Correct Answer
B. Erector spinae, latissimus dorsi -
- 11.
A condition where a piece of viscera protrudes through the diaphragm is call a/an ______ while a piece of viscera protruding through the navel is called a/an ______
- A.
Umbilical hernia, inguinal hernia
- B.
Hiatal hernia, umbilical hernia
- C.
Inguinal hernia, hiatal hernia
- D.
Umbilical hernia, rectal hernia
- E.
Hiatal hernia, inguinal hernia
Correct Answer
B. Hiatal hernia, umbilical hernia -
- 12.
Which of the following is NOT considered a posterior pectoral girdle muscle?
- A.
Pectoralis minor
- B.
Trapezius
- C.
Levator scapulae
- D.
Rhomboideus major
- E.
Both A and D
Correct Answer
A. Pectoralis minor -
- 13.
An example of an axial muscle that acts on the arm is the ______ while a scapular originating muscle that acts on the arm is ______
- A.
Latissimus dorsi, rhomboideus minor
- B.
Pectoralis major, rhomboideus major
- C.
Trapezius, teres minor
- D.
Latissimus dorsi, teres minor
- E.
Levator scapulae, deltoid
Correct Answer
D. Latissimus dorsi, teres minor -
- 14.
All of the following are considered rotator cuff muscles EXCEPT
- A.
Supraspinatus
- B.
Teres minor
- C.
Infraspinatus
- D.
Subscapularis
- E.
Teres major
Correct Answer
E. Teres major -
- 15.
The principal elbow extensor is the ______ found in the ______ compartment of the ______ region
- A.
Brachialis, posterior compartment, brachium
- B.
Triceps brachii, posterior compartment, brachium
- C.
Biceps brachii, anterior compartment, brachium
- D.
Triceps brachii, anterior compartment, antebrachium
- E.
Brachialis, anterior compartment, antebrachium
Correct Answer
B. Triceps brachii, posterior compartment, brachium -
- 16.
Which of the following muscles that act on the hand and wrist is found in the deep anterior compartment?
- A.
Flexor carpi radialis
- B.
Flexor digitorum superficialis
- C.
Flexor pollicis longus
- D.
Extensor pollicis longus
- E.
Extensor digitorum
Correct Answer
C. Flexor pollicis longus -
- 17.
Which group of instrinsic hand muscles forms the fleshy base of the little finger
- A.
Hypothenar group
- B.
Midpalmar group
- C.
Thenar group
- D.
Lumbricals
- E.
Both A and D
Correct Answer
A. Hypothenar group -
- 18.
The ______ muscle acts as the prime hip extensor and is found in the ______ region of the hip
- A.
Iliacus, anterior
- B.
Gemellus superior, posterior
- C.
Gluteus maximus, anterior
- D.
Iliacus, posterior
- E.
Gluteus maximus, posterior
Correct Answer
E. Gluteus maximus, posterior -
- 19.
The ______ is the most powerful muscle in the body and serves as the ______ of knee ______
- A.
Quadriceps femoris, prime mover, extension
- B.
Sartorius, antagonist, flexion
- C.
Biceps femoris, prime mover, flexion
- D.
Quadriceps femoris, antagonist, extension
- E.
Sartorius, syngergist, extension
Correct Answer
A. Quadriceps femoris, prime mover, extension -
- 20.
The ______ muscle adducts the humerus, but the ______ muscle abducts the humerus
- A.
Deltoid, pectoralis major
- B.
Pectoralis major, latissimus dorsi
- C.
Deltoid, latissimus dorsi
- D.
Pectoralis major, deltoid
- E.
Biceps brachii, deltoid
Correct Answer
D. Pectoralis major, deltoid -
- 21.
Which of the following is NOT an anterior muscle of the thigh?
- A.
Sartorius
- B.
Tibialis anterior
- C.
Quadriceps femoris
- D.
Semimembranosus
- E.
Both B and D
Correct Answer
E. Both B and D -
- 22.
All of the following prevent the toes from "scuffing" when walking EXCEPT
- A.
Fibularis tertius
- B.
Extensor hallucis longus
- C.
Soleus
- D.
Tibialis anterior
- E.
Extensor digitorum longus
Correct Answer
C. Soleus -
- 23.
The flexors of the leg are called ______ and include the ______ muscle
- A.
Quadriceps , biceps femoris
- B.
Hamstrings, semitendinosus
- C.
Triceps, semimembranosus
- D.
Hamstrings, rectus femoris
- E.
Quadriceps, vastus medialis
Correct Answer
B. Hamstrings, semitendinosus -
- 24.
Muscles of the forearm that act on the hand are referred to as ______ and the muscles of the midpalmar group that act on the fingers are referred to as ______
- A.
Extensor muscles, flexor muscles
- B.
Extrinsic muscles, intrinsic muscles
- C.
Anterior compartment muscles, interior compartment muscles
- D.
Intrinsic muscles, extrinsic muscles
- E.
Flexor muscles, extensor muscles
Correct Answer
B. Extrinsic muscles, intrinsic muscles -
- 25.
The ______ are a group of muscles that hold the scapula firmly in place and are referred to as ______
- A.
Rhomboids, fixators
- B.
Deltoids, antagonists
- C.
Rhomboids, synergists
- D.
Deltoids, fixators
- E.
Sternocleidomastoids, antagonists
Correct Answer
A. Rhomboids, fixators -
- 26.
All of the following are characteristics of muscles EXCEPT
- A.
Excitability
- B.
Conductivity
- C.
Elasticity
- D.
Contractility
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
E. None of the above -
- 27.
An elaborate network of membranes is skeletal muscle cells that functions as a calcium reservoir
- A.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Myofibrils
- C.
T tubules
- D.
Sarcolemma
- E.
Sarcomeres
Correct Answer
A. Sarcoplasmic reticulum -
- 28.
Thick filaments are composed of ______ while thin filaments are primarily composed of ______, and these proteins are referred to as ______ proteins
- A.
Actin, myosin, regulatory
- B.
Troponin, tropomyosin, regulatory
- C.
Actin, myosin, contractile
- D.
Myosin, actin, contractile
- E.
Myosin, troponin, accessory
Correct Answer
D. Myosin, actin, contractile -
- 29.
Calcium ions bind to the ______ protein in skeletal muscle cells
- A.
Myosin
- B.
Tropomyosin
- C.
Troponin
- D.
Actin
- E.
Titin
Correct Answer
C. Troponin -
- 30.
All of the following are components of thin filaments EXCEPT
- A.
F actin
- B.
Myosin
- C.
Tropomyosin
- D.
Troponin
- E.
G actin
Correct Answer
B. Myosin -
- 31.
Which of the following blocks actin binding sites, preventing crossbridge formation?
- A.
Tropomyosin
- B.
Dystrophin
- C.
Myosin
- D.
Troponin
- E.
Titin
Correct Answer
A. Tropomyosin -
- 32.
Detachment of the actin/myosin crossbridges is directly triggered by
- A.
Hydrolysis of ATP to ADP and Pi
- B.
Troponin-tropomyosin complex changin shape
- C.
The power stroke
- D.
Binding of ATP to the myosin heads
- E.
Depolarization of the T tubules
Correct Answer
D. Binding of ATP to the myosin heads -
- 33.
An overlap of actin and myosin filaments occurs in the
- A.
I band
- B.
H band
- C.
A band
- D.
Z disc
- E.
M line
Correct Answer
C. A band -
- 34.
If you were to analyze the proteins recovered from an I band, which of the following would NOT be found?
- A.
Troponin
- B.
Actin
- C.
Myosin
- D.
Tropomyosin
- E.
Both A and C
Correct Answer
C. Myosin -
- 35.
Motor units :
- A.
Are found only in cardiac muscle
- B.
Are largest in muscles responsible for delicate movements
- C.
Consist of a muscle fiber and all the nerves that supply it
- D.
Consist of a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it supplies
- E.
Are the same as neuromuscular junctions
Correct Answer
D. Consist of a motor neuron and all the muscle fibers it supplies -
- 36.
All of the following are responsible for establishing resting membrane potential (RMP) EXCEPT
- A.
Sodium (Na+)
- B.
Intracellular anions
- C.
Semi-permeable membrane
- D.
Potassium (K+)
- E.
Magnesium (Mg2+)
Correct Answer
E. Magnesium (Mg2+) -
- 37.
If a muscle were stretched to the point where thick and thin filaments no longer overlapped
- A.
Myosin and actin attachment would be optimum
- B.
No muscle tension would be generated
- C.
Maximum force production would result due to the maximum travel distance
- D.
ATP consumption would increase
- E.
An optimum resting length would be established
Correct Answer
B. No muscle tension would be generated -
- 38.
All of the following can affect muscle twitch strength EXCEPT
- A.
Stimulus frequency
- B.
Calcium concentration
- C.
Temperature
- D.
State of muscle hydration
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
E. None of the above -
- 39.
A smooth, sustained contraction resulting from very rapid stimulation of the muscle, in which no evidence of relaxation is observed, is called
- A.
A twitch
- B.
Threshold
- C.
Incomplete tetanus
- D.
Complete tetanus
- E.
Treppe
Correct Answer
D. Complete tetanus -
- 40.
The hardening of the muscles and stiffening of the body after death is referred to as ______ and is the result of ______
- A.
Rigor mortis; halted ATP production
- B.
Excitation-contraction coupling; excessive calcium release
- C.
Rigor mortis; decreased calcium release from the SR
- D.
Rigor mortis; excessive ATP production
- E.
Relaxation; decreased calcium release from the SR
Correct Answer
A. Rigor mortis; halted ATP production -
- 41.
Which of the following is NOT a cause of muscle fatigue
- A.
Excessive ATP production
- B.
Lactic acid lowers the pH of the sarcoplasm
- C.
ATP shortage increases the speed of Na+-K+ pumps
- D.
Motor nerve fibers use up their ACh
- E.
Both A and C
Correct Answer
E. Both A and C -
- 42.
The site of calcium binding found in smooth muscle is ______
- A.
Troponin
- B.
Calbindin
- C.
Calmodulin
- D.
Calcitonin
- E.
Tropomyosin
Correct Answer
C. Calmodulin -
- 43.
Which of the following neuromuscular toxins act by blocking the release of neurotransmitters from vesicles
- A.
Curare
- B.
Tetanus toxin
- C.
Botulinum toxin
- D.
Both B and C
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. Both B and C -
- 44.
With respect to muscle relaxation
- A.
Enzymes breakdown acetylcholine
- B.
Calcium remains in the cytosol
- C.
Calcium remains bound to troponin
- D.
Tropmyosin exposes actin active sites
- E.
None of the above are correct
Correct Answer
A. Enzymes breakdown acetylcholine -
- 45.
The contractile unit of muscle fiber responsible for the striated appearance of cardiac and skeletal muscles is referred to as the ______
- A.
Sarcoplasmic reticulum
- B.
Z disc
- C.
Sarcomere
- D.
Sarcolemma
- E.
Intercalated discs
Correct Answer
C. Sarcomere -
- 46.
Which structure of the sarcomere would only be seen in a RELAXED fiber
- A.
Z disc
- B.
H band
- C.
A band
- D.
Thick filaments
- E.
None of the above
Correct Answer
B. H band -
- 47.
When acetylcholine is released, it diffuses across the ______ and during relaxation is broken down by ______
- A.
Synaptic vesicles, acetylcholinesterase
- B.
Synaptic cleft, tronponin kinase
- C.
Terminal cisternae, creatine kinase
- D.
Synaptic cleft, acetylcholinesterase
- E.
T tubules, creatine kinase
Correct Answer
D. Synaptic cleft, acetylcholinesterase -
- 48.
With respect to the excitation phase of muscle contraction, ______ is responsible for the depolarization of the membrane down to the synaptic knob, and ______ is responsible for the exocytosis of vesicles contained acetylcholine
- A.
Potassium, calcium
- B.
Sodium, chloride
- C.
Calcium, sodium
- D.
Calcium, potassium
- E.
Sodium, calcium
Correct Answer
E. Sodium, calcium -
- 49.
These structures found in smooth muscle myocytes and cardiac myocytes allow for the direct stimulation of their neighboring cells
- A.
Synaptic knobs
- B.
Gap junctions
- C.
Fibroses
- D.
Motor units
- E.
Desmosomes
Correct Answer
B. Gap junctions -
- 50.
Which of the following components in NOT involved with the contraction of smooth muscle
- A.
Z disc
- B.
Thick filaments
- C.
Calmodulin
- D.
Dense bodies
- E.
Both B and C
Correct Answer
A. Z disc -
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