Med Surg Nursing - Vacular Disorders
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Vascular disease is any abnormal condition of the arteries, veins, and capillaries that carry blood to and from the heart. People with diseases such as diabetes, high blood pressure, or kidney failure can be more likely to have vessel problems. Take up this Med Surg Nursing quiz on vascular disorders to see just how much you know about them. All the best!
- 1.
Which disease is the most common cause of arterial obstruction?
- A.
Distened arteries
- B.
Varicose veins
- C.
Atherosclerosis
- D.
Hypertension
Correct Answer
C. AtherosclerosisExplanation
Atherosclerosis is the most common cause of arterial obstruction. It is a condition where plaque builds up inside the arteries, causing them to become narrow and hardened. This plaque is made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, calcium, and other materials. As the plaque grows, it can restrict blood flow and lead to various complications such as heart attacks, strokes, and peripheral artery disease. Therefore, atherosclerosis is the correct answer as it is the primary disease responsible for arterial obstruction.Rate this question:
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- 2.
All of the following factors attribute to aterial injury EXCEPT?
- A.
Hypertension
- B.
Elevated LDL levels
- C.
Diabetes
- D.
Obesity
- E.
Declining carbon monoxide levels
Correct Answer
E. Declining carbon monoxide levelsExplanation
Carbon monoxide is a toxin, caused by cigarette smoking, that damages the arterial intima. Therefore, declining levels would not a factor.Rate this question:
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- 3.
All would be effective interventions to decrease atherosclerosis except?
- A.
Altering the diet to make sure 55% of the total caloric intake in made up of fat.
- B.
Decrease the intake of saturated fats per meal.
- C.
Decrease the amount of cigarettes smoked.
- D.
Get 30 minutes of moderate to vigorous exercise at least three to four times a week.
Correct Answer
A. Altering the diet to make sure 55% of the total caloric intake in made up of fat.Explanation
37% of the total caloric intake should be from fats. 55% is excessive.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Which risk factor is the least likely to place a patient at risk for acquiring hypertension?
- A.
Age greater than 40
- B.
Having a father who has hypertension
- C.
Eating a high fat, high carbohydrate meal five times a week.
- D.
BMI of 37 or greater
Correct Answer
A. Age greater than 40Explanation
The age risk is usually for individuals over the age of 60. 40 is still quite young.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Which is the least likely nursing diagnosis for an individual suffering from hypertension?
- A.
Deficient Knowledge
- B.
Risk for Ineffective Therapeutic Regime Management
- C.
Acute Pain
- D.
Potential for Retinal Hemorrage
Correct Answer
C. Acute PainExplanation
Hypertension is usually a silent killer and pain is the least likely diagnosis.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Which one is the best teaching tool for patients suffering from hypertension?
- A.
Increase fiber intake, sodium restriction, drink more fluids
- B.
Weight reduction, relaxation techniques, moderation of alcohol intake
- C.
Exercise, increasing physical activity, increasing fiber intake
- D.
Sodium restriction, exercise, administering oxygen
Correct Answer
B. Weight reduction, relaxation techniques, moderation of alcohol intakeExplanation
Fiber intake and oxygen administration are not appropriate nursing interventions for patients with HTN.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which diuretic is the most likely to cause hyperkalemia?
- A.
Lasix
- B.
Urozide
- C.
Edecrin
- D.
Aldactone
Correct Answer
D. AldactoneExplanation
spironolactone (Aldactone) is a potassium sparing diureticRate this question:
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- 8.
Which drug class, used to treat hypertension, is most commonly the cause for shortness of breath and fatigue?
- A.
Beta Blockers
- B.
Alpha receptor antagonists
- C.
Diuretics
- D.
Proton Pump Inhibitors
Correct Answer
A. Beta BlockersExplanation
B and D are not commonly used for HTN. Diuretics do not cause those s/sx either.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is the common factor of hypertension medications that causes the most patient noncompliance?
- A.
They cause memory loss
- B.
Fatigue
- C.
The medications usually need to be taken for the rest of the patient's life.
- D.
Hypertension medications are some of the most expensive prescriptions.
Correct Answer
C. The medications usually need to be taken for the rest of the patient's life.Explanation
The common factor of hypertension medications that causes the most patient noncompliance is that these medications usually need to be taken for the rest of the patient's life. This can be a burden for patients, as it requires long-term commitment and regular medication adherence. Many patients may struggle with the idea of being dependent on medication for the rest of their lives, leading to noncompliance and discontinuation of treatment.Rate this question:
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- 10.
All are common symptoms in a hypertensive crisis EXCEPT?
- A.
Severe headache
- B.
Disorientation
- C.
Dizziness
- D.
Severe bleeding
Correct Answer
D. Severe bleedingExplanation
Bleeding usually doesn't occur in a HTN crisis.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Which intervention is the least useful for a patient undergoing a HTN crisis?
- A.
Placing the client in a semi-Fowler's position
- B.
Administering oxygen
- C.
Observe for neurological or cardiovascular complications
- D.
Assessing vitals every 30-45 minutes
Correct Answer
D. Assessing vitals every 30-45 minutesExplanation
Blood pressure should be assessed every 10-15 minutes.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which is not a common s/sx associated with peripheral arterial disease?
- A.
Mottled skin
- B.
Hair loss on the lower calf
- C.
Shiny skin
- D.
Thickened toenails
Correct Answer
C. Shiny skinExplanation
Shiny skin is not a common sign or symptom associated with peripheral arterial disease. Peripheral arterial disease typically presents with symptoms such as mottled skin, hair loss on the lower calf, and thickened toenails. Shiny skin may be more indicative of other conditions such as venous insufficiency or lymphedema.Rate this question:
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- 13.
How should you position a client suffering from peripheral arterial disease to decrease swelling?
- A.
Legs elevated above the head
- B.
Supine
- C.
With legs crossed
- D.
Legs slightly elevated
Correct Answer
D. Legs slightly elevatedExplanation
Positioning a client suffering from peripheral arterial disease with their legs slightly elevated can help decrease swelling. Elevating the legs slightly promotes venous return, reducing fluid accumulation and swelling in the affected areas. This position allows gravity to assist in the circulation of blood and lymphatic fluid, helping to alleviate edema and improve overall circulation in the lower extremities.Rate this question:
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- 14.
After a graft surgery to treat PAD, what is the most important vital to monitor?
- A.
Blood pressure
- B.
BUN and creatinine levels
- C.
Carbon dioxide levels
- D.
Level of consciousness
Correct Answer
A. Blood pressureExplanation
Monitoring blood pressure is the best way to monitor graft patency. This is because hypotension may indicate hypovolemia.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Where are most aneurysms found?
- A.
Cerebral vessels
- B.
Femoral artery
- C.
Carotid artery
- D.
Abdominal aorta
Correct Answer
D. Abdominal aortaExplanation
Most aneurysms are found in the abdominal aorta. The abdominal aorta is the largest artery in the abdomen and supplies blood to the lower part of the body. Aneurysms occur when a weakened area of the artery wall bulges and can potentially rupture, leading to life-threatening complications. Abdominal aortic aneurysms are more common in older individuals, especially those with a history of smoking, high blood pressure, or atherosclerosis. Regular screening and monitoring are important for early detection and appropriate management of abdominal aortic aneurysms.Rate this question:
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- 16.
What is the most common complication of an aneurysm?
- A.
Pain
- B.
Impaired digestion
- C.
Rupture
- D.
Increased size
Correct Answer
C. RuptureExplanation
The most common complication of an aneurysm is rupture. Aneurysms occur when there is a weak spot in the wall of a blood vessel, causing it to balloon or bulge. If the aneurysm ruptures, it can lead to severe internal bleeding, which can be life-threatening. Ruptured aneurysms often require emergency medical intervention, such as surgery, to stop the bleeding and repair the blood vessel.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Which individual is most likely to have varicose veins?
- A.
A 25 y/o female nurse who execises once a week
- B.
65 y/o female cashier at the local Target
- C.
30 y/o male with CHF
- D.
27 y/o secretary who is pregnant with twins
Correct Answer
B. 65 y/o female cashier at the local TargetExplanation
Individuals most at risk are those over 30 and who are often standing.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Dec 01, 2008Quiz Created by
Tyraikaika
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