Latin America Test 1
An assessment of the Apex sections concerning Latin America.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The region of Latin America contains the continent of South America, the Carribbean, Mexico (North America) and which of the following?
- A.
Asia
- B.
Africa
- C.
Central America
- D.
The United States of America
Correct Answer
C. Central AmericaExplanation
Central America is the correct answer because it is a region that is located between North and South America. It includes countries such as Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. Central America is often considered part of Latin America due to its close geographical proximity and cultural similarities with the rest of the region.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The region of South America is made up of _____ countries.
- A.
20
- B.
30
- C.
13
- D.
9
Correct Answer
A. 20Explanation
The region of South America is made up of 20 countries.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Over _____ million people live in the region of South America
- A.
300
- B.
240
- C.
415
- D.
999
Correct Answer
C. 415Explanation
The correct answer is 415 because it is the only option that is higher than the other given numbers. This suggests that the region of South America has a population of over 415 million people.Rate this question:
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- 4.
What percentage of the population of South America lives in the country of Brazil?
- A.
One-third
- B.
One-fourth
- C.
Half
- D.
100%
Correct Answer
C. HalfExplanation
Half of the population of South America lives in the country of Brazil. This means that Brazil has the largest population among all the countries in South America.Rate this question:
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- 5.
What's the most common sport in South America?
- A.
Tennis
- B.
Fútbol (Soccer)
- C.
Baseball
- D.
Auto racing
Correct Answer
B. Fútbol (Soccer)Explanation
The most common sport in South America is soccer, also known as fútbol. Soccer is deeply ingrained in the culture of South America and has a massive following. The sport is played and enjoyed by people of all ages and is a significant part of their national identity. South American countries have a rich history in soccer, producing some of the world's best players and teams. The passion and love for soccer in South America make it the most popular and common sport in the region.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Much of Latin America, particularly the northern half of South America, is made up of:
- A.
Desert
- B.
Rain forest
- C.
Arid, dry climate
- D.
Mountain ranges
Correct Answer
B. Rain forestExplanation
The correct answer is rain forest because much of Latin America, especially the northern half of South America, is known for its dense and diverse rain forests. These rain forests are characterized by high levels of rainfall, lush vegetation, and a wide variety of plant and animal species. They play a crucial role in maintaining the region's biodiversity and are often referred to as the "lungs of the Earth" due to their ability to absorb carbon dioxide and produce oxygen.Rate this question:
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- 7.
One problem with currency that many Latin American countries face is:
- A.
Inflation
- B.
A large middle class
- C.
Equal access to resources
- D.
High unemployment rates
Correct Answer
A. InflationExplanation
Inflation is a common problem faced by many Latin American countries. It refers to the sustained increase in the general price level of goods and services over time. High inflation rates can lead to a decrease in the purchasing power of the currency, making it more difficult for people to afford basic necessities. This can have a negative impact on the economy, leading to instability and unequal distribution of resources. Therefore, inflation is a significant issue that Latin American countries need to address.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Which of the following best describes Brazil?
- A.
Largest, most-populated country in South America; natives speak Portuguese
- B.
Economy dominated by petroleum, has the largest oil reserves in the Western Hemisphere
- C.
Plays a crucial role in world trade and has become a regional financial center
- D.
About 90 percent of the population is of white European ancestry
Correct Answer
A. Largest, most-populated country in South America; natives speak PortugueseExplanation
Brazil is the largest and most-populated country in South America. The fact that natives speak Portuguese is another characteristic that distinguishes Brazil from other countries in the region. This answer accurately describes Brazil's size and population, as well as its official language.Rate this question:
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- 9.
Which of the following best describes the Amazon?
- A.
One of the largest waterfall systems in the world
- B.
Important shipping location
- C.
A major transportation river route through Colombia and Venezuela
- D.
Largest rain forest in the world
Correct Answer
D. Largest rain forest in the worldExplanation
The Amazon is described as the largest rainforest in the world. This means that it is a vast area of dense vegetation, characterized by a high level of rainfall and biodiversity. The Amazon rainforest is known for its rich ecosystem, containing numerous plant and animal species, and plays a crucial role in regulating the Earth's climate. It covers a significant portion of South America, spanning across several countries including Brazil, Peru, Colombia, and Venezuela.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which of the following best describes Machu Picchu?
- A.
Location of an important canal
- B.
Longest mountain range in South America
- C.
Lost city of the Inca empire
- D.
The agricultural region Argentina's economy depends on
Correct Answer
C. Lost city of the Inca empireExplanation
Machu Picchu is best described as the lost city of the Inca empire. It is an ancient city located in the Andes Mountains of Peru and was built by the Incas in the 15th century. Machu Picchu is known for its impressive architectural structures and its historical significance as a sacred site for the Inca civilization. It was abandoned and remained hidden from the outside world until its rediscovery in 1911. Today, Machu Picchu is a popular tourist destination and a UNESCO World Heritage site.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The Inca Civilization lasted from 1200-1535 and was conquered by which country?
- A.
Great Britain
- B.
Portuguese
- C.
Netherlands
- D.
Spain
Correct Answer
D. SpainExplanation
The Inca Civilization lasted from 1200-1535 and was conquered by Spain. Spain played a significant role in the conquest of the Inca Empire, led by Francisco Pizarro. Pizarro and his men captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa, which ultimately led to the downfall of the Inca Civilization. Spain's conquest of the Inca Empire allowed them to gain control over the vast territories and resources of the region, contributing to the expansion of the Spanish Empire in the Americas.Rate this question:
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- 12.
How did the line of demarcation affect settlement of South America?
- A.
Spain got the majority of the continent; Portugal got the west coast (Brazil)
- B.
Portugal received no land
- C.
Spain got the east coast of Brazil then moved over the centuries to take over what became modern Brazil.
- D.
Portugal got the souther part; Spain got the north
Correct Answer
A. Spain got the majority of the continent; Portugal got the west coast (Brazil)Explanation
The line of demarcation divided South America between Spain and Portugal. Spain received the majority of the continent, while Portugal obtained the west coast, which later became Brazil. This division had a significant impact on the settlement of South America, as it determined which areas each country would colonize and govern. Spain's control over the majority of the continent allowed them to establish colonies and exert their influence over the indigenous populations. Portugal's acquisition of the west coast, particularly Brazil, led to the establishment of a Portuguese colony that would eventually become one of the largest countries in South America.Rate this question:
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- 13.
What was the Treaty of Tordesillas?
- A.
A treaty between the Inca and Francisco Pizarro
- B.
An agreement that split South America between Spain and Portugal
- C.
An agreement by the pope to allow missionaries in South America
- D.
A treaty to protect native populations from slavery
Correct Answer
B. An agreement that split South America between Spain and PortugalExplanation
The Treaty of Tordesillas was an agreement that split South America between Spain and Portugal. This treaty was signed in 1494 and was mediated by the Pope. It aimed to resolve conflicts between the two countries regarding newly discovered lands. The treaty established a line of demarcation 370 leagues west of the Cape Verde Islands, dividing the newly discovered territories into two zones. Spain was granted rights to the west of the line, including most of the Americas, while Portugal was given rights to the east, including Brazil. This agreement played a significant role in shaping the colonial territories of Spain and Portugal in South America.Rate this question:
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- 14.
What are the two most common languages in South America?
- A.
Spanish and Dutch
- B.
Portuguese and Greek
- C.
Spanish and Portuguese
- D.
Portuguese and French
Correct Answer
C. Spanish and PortugueseExplanation
The two most common languages in South America are Spanish and Portuguese. This is because Spanish is widely spoken in countries such as Argentina, Colombia, Peru, and Chile, while Portuguese is the official language of Brazil. These two languages have a significant presence in South America due to historical and cultural influences.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is an example of a colonial legacy?
- A.
Argentina has had repeated problems with inflation
- B.
So-called banana republics have corrupt governments
- C.
The Inca controlled the west coast of South America
- D.
The people of Columbia speak Spanish and the people of Brazil speak Portuguese
Correct Answer
D. The people of Columbia speak Spanish and the people of Brazil speak PortugueseExplanation
The fact that the people of Colombia speak Spanish and the people of Brazil speak Portuguese is an example of a colonial legacy. This is because both countries were colonized by European powers (Spain and Portugal, respectively) in the past, and as a result, the languages of the colonizers were imposed on the native populations. This linguistic influence has persisted over time and is still evident today, making it a clear example of a colonial legacy.Rate this question:
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- 16.
Which of the following is an example of a colonial legacy?
- A.
Most indigenous tribes in the Amazon rain forest want to be left alone.
- B.
Many Brazilians live in the United States.
- C.
Central America has a high population density.
- D.
Most South Americans are Roman Catholic.
Correct Answer
D. Most South Americans are Roman Catholic.Explanation
The fact that most South Americans are Roman Catholic is an example of a colonial legacy because it can be traced back to the period of Spanish and Portuguese colonization in South America. During this time, the Catholic Church played a significant role in the colonization process, converting indigenous populations to Christianity. The influence of colonial powers and the spread of their religion have had a lasting impact on the religious composition of South America, making Catholicism the dominant religion in the region.Rate this question:
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- 17.
Most South American countries got their independence during which years?
- A.
1400s
- B.
1500s
- C.
1800s
- D.
2000s
Correct Answer
C. 1800sExplanation
During the 1800s, most South American countries gained their independence. This was a period of significant political and social change in the region, marked by revolutions and uprisings against colonial rule. Many countries, such as Argentina, Chile, Colombia, Peru, and Venezuela, achieved independence during this time, leading to the formation of independent nations in South America. The 1800s saw a wave of nationalist movements and the weakening of colonial powers, ultimately resulting in the liberation of many South American countries.Rate this question:
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- 18.
What would the Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) do?
- A.
Increase trade restrictions in the Americas
- B.
Decrease trade restrictions in the Americas to increase trade
- C.
Unify South America against the United States
- D.
Increase North America's domination over South America
Correct Answer
B. Decrease trade restrictions in the Americas to increase tradeExplanation
The Free Trade Agreement of the Americas (FTAA) would decrease trade restrictions in the Americas to increase trade. This means that the agreement aims to remove barriers and obstacles that hinder the flow of goods and services between countries in the Americas. By reducing trade restrictions, countries can engage in more trade with each other, leading to increased economic activity and potential growth for the participating nations.Rate this question:
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- 19.
Where have most of the people in South America settled and established cities?
- A.
Along the Amazon River
- B.
In the North
- C.
Along the coasts
- D.
In the mountains
Correct Answer
C. Along the coastsExplanation
Most of the people in South America have settled and established cities along the coasts. This is because the coastlines provide access to resources such as fishing and trade routes, making them favorable for human settlement. Additionally, the coastal areas often have more favorable climates and fertile land for agriculture, further attracting people to settle there.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The most famous of the Spanish conquistadores was a man named:
- A.
Hernán Cortés
- B.
Francisco Pizarro
- C.
Pope Pius II
- D.
Mr. Staley IV
Correct Answer
A. Hernán CortésExplanation
Hernán Cortés is the correct answer as he is widely recognized as one of the most famous Spanish conquistadores. He is known for his conquest of the Aztec Empire in Mexico, which led to the colonization of the region by the Spanish. Cortés played a significant role in the Spanish colonization of the Americas and his expeditions greatly impacted the history of the New World.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The Spanish soldiers who explored and conquered the Americas were called ______________
- A.
Inca
- B.
Conquistadores
- C.
Aztec
- D.
Portugueses
Correct Answer
B. ConquistadoresExplanation
The correct answer is Conquistadores. Conquistadores were the Spanish soldiers who explored and conquered the Americas during the Age of Exploration. They were known for their military expeditions and conquests, particularly in regions such as Mexico, Central America, and South America. The term "conquistadores" is derived from the Spanish word "conquistar," which means "to conquer." These soldiers played a significant role in the colonization and establishment of Spanish rule in the Americas.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Who ruled the Aztecs at the time Cortes and the Spanish arrived?
- A.
Pope Pius II
- B.
Atahulpa
- C.
King Ferdinand
- D.
Moctezuma II
Correct Answer
D. Moctezuma IIExplanation
Moctezuma II ruled the Aztecs at the time Cortes and the Spanish arrived. He was the ninth ruler of the Aztec Empire and played a significant role in the events surrounding the Spanish conquest of Mexico. Moctezuma II initially welcomed Cortes and his men, believing them to be gods or messengers of the gods. However, as the Spanish started to assert their control and demand tribute, tensions grew between the two sides. Eventually, Moctezuma II was taken captive by the Spanish and died under mysterious circumstances.Rate this question:
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- 23.
How were the Spanish able to succeed in conquering much of Latin America?
- A.
They had superior technology and weapons
- B.
They were very understanding in terms of different cultures
- C.
Many natives viewed them as gods and assisted them
- D.
Both A and C
Correct Answer
D. Both A and CExplanation
The Spanish were able to succeed in conquering much of Latin America because they had superior technology and weapons, which gave them an advantage over the native populations. Additionally, many natives viewed the Spanish as gods and assisted them in their conquest, further aiding their success.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The Aztec capital (Later known as Mexico City) was called which of the following?
- A.
Machu Picchu
- B.
Tenochtitlan
- C.
Peru
- D.
Brazil
Correct Answer
D. Brazil -
- 25.
Who was the Spanish conquistador who conquered the Inca empire in South America?
- A.
Francisco Pizarro
- B.
Moctezuma II
- C.
Pope Pius
- D.
Mr Staley
Correct Answer
A. Francisco PizarroExplanation
Francisco Pizarro is the correct answer because he was a Spanish conquistador who led an expedition to conquer the Inca empire in South America. Pizarro and his men arrived in Peru in 1532 and successfully captured the Inca emperor Atahualpa, leading to the downfall of the Inca civilization. Pizarro established the city of Lima as the capital of the Spanish Viceroyalty of Peru and played a significant role in the Spanish colonization of South America.Rate this question:
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- 26.
What was the name of the hidden Inca city in the Andes mountains?
- A.
Mexico City
- B.
El Dorado
- C.
Machu Picchu
- D.
Lima
Correct Answer
C. Machu PicchuExplanation
Machu Picchu is the correct answer because it is a well-known hidden Inca city located in the Andes mountains. It is a UNESCO World Heritage site and one of the most popular tourist destinations in Peru. Machu Picchu was built in the 15th century and was abandoned by the Incas shortly after. It remained hidden from the outside world until it was rediscovered in 1911. Today, it is known for its impressive architecture, stunning mountain views, and rich historical significance.Rate this question:
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- 27.
A Spanish-born immigrant who was at the top of the social class in Latin America was called a:
- A.
Peninsulare
- B.
Creoles
- C.
Mestizo
- D.
Mulattoes
Correct Answer
A. PeninsulareExplanation
A Spanish-born immigrant who was at the top of the social class in Latin America was called a Peninsulare. This term refers to individuals who were born in Spain and migrated to Latin America, holding high positions of power and privilege. They were seen as superior to the Creoles, who were of Spanish descent but born in Latin America. The terms Mestizo and Mulattoes refer to individuals of mixed racial heritage and do not specifically denote social class.Rate this question:
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- 28.
This group of people are a mixture of European and Indian decent
- A.
Peninsulares
- B.
Creoles
- C.
Mestizo
- D.
Mulattoes
Correct Answer
C. MestizoExplanation
Mestizo refers to individuals who have a mixed European and Indian ancestry. The given group of people being a mixture of European and Indian descent fits the definition of mestizo. The term "Peninsulares" refers to individuals of European descent born in Spain and living in the Americas, while "Creoles" refers to people of European descent born in the Americas. "Mulattoes" refers to individuals with mixed European and African ancestry. Therefore, the correct answer is "Mestizo" as it accurately represents the given group's mixed European and Indian heritage.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Spanish people born in the "New World" were called:
- A.
Peninsulares
- B.
Creoles
- C.
Mestizo
- D.
Mulattoes
Correct Answer
B. CreolesExplanation
Creoles were Spanish people born in the "New World". They were descendants of Spanish settlers who were born in the colonies rather than in Spain. This term was used specifically for those of Spanish descent and distinguished them from the Peninsulares, who were Spaniards born in Spain. Mestizo and Mulattoes, on the other hand, refer to individuals of mixed race, typically of Spanish and indigenous or African heritage, respectively.Rate this question:
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- 30.
Children of Europeans and Africans were called:
- A.
Peninsulares
- B.
Creoles
- C.
Mestizo
- D.
Mulattoes
Correct Answer
D. MulattoesExplanation
Mulattoes were the children of Europeans and Africans. This term was used specifically to describe individuals who were of mixed European and African ancestry. The term "Mulattoes" originated during the colonial era and was commonly used to categorize individuals of mixed racial heritage. The term "Peninsulares" referred to people born in Spain and held high positions in the Spanish colonies. "Creoles" were individuals of European descent born in the colonies. "Mestizo" referred to individuals of mixed European and Indigenous American ancestry.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which group of people were at the bottom of society in the "New World"?
- A.
Peninsulares
- B.
Free Blacks
- C.
Slaves
- D.
Creoles
Correct Answer
C. SlavesExplanation
In the "New World," slaves were at the bottom of society. Slavery was a prevalent institution during this time, and slaves were considered property rather than individuals with rights. They were often forced to work on plantations and subjected to harsh living conditions, physical abuse, and limited opportunities for advancement. Slavery was a deeply ingrained social and economic system that perpetuated the oppression and marginalization of enslaved individuals, making them the most disadvantaged group in society.Rate this question:
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- 32.
What was the largest Portuguese territory in Latin America?
- A.
Brazil
- B.
Peru
- C.
Viceroyalty of New Spain
- D.
Andes Mountains
Correct Answer
A. BrazilExplanation
Brazil was the largest Portuguese territory in Latin America. This is because Brazil was colonized by the Portuguese in the 16th century and remained under Portuguese rule until it gained independence in 1822. Brazil's vast size and resources made it the largest and most significant Portuguese colony in Latin America.Rate this question:
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- 33.
What economic advantage did Brazil have?
- A.
A small population to distribute wealth evenly
- B.
Technological advances for businesses
- C.
Good land for farming, especially sugar
- D.
A lot of diamonds and exotic stones
Correct Answer
C. Good land for farming, especially sugarExplanation
Brazil had an economic advantage in the form of good land for farming, particularly for cultivating sugar. This suggests that Brazil had fertile soil and suitable climate conditions for growing sugarcane, which was a highly profitable crop during the time period. The abundance of suitable land for sugar production would have allowed Brazil to establish a strong agricultural industry and generate significant revenue from exporting sugar to other countries.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Which of the following are cities in Brazil?
- A.
Rio de Janeiro
- B.
São Paulo
- C.
Mexico City
- D.
Both A and B
Correct Answer
D. Both A and BExplanation
The correct answer is "Both A and B" because Rio de Janeiro and São Paulo are cities in Brazil. Mexico City, on the other hand, is the capital city of Mexico and not in Brazil.Rate this question:
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- 35.
What was the economic system established in the "New World" that required indians and/or slaves to pay tribute to wealthy Spaniards?
- A.
FTAA
- B.
NAFTA
- C.
Free-Trade Agreement
- D.
Encomienda System
Correct Answer
D. Encomienda SystemExplanation
The Encomienda System was an economic system established in the "New World" that required indigenous people and/or slaves to pay tribute to wealthy Spaniards. Under this system, the Spanish crown granted certain individuals the right to extract labor and tribute from the indigenous population in exchange for protection and Christianization. This system allowed the Spanish colonizers to exploit the resources and labor of the native population, leading to their subjugation and exploitation.Rate this question:
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- 36.
Label the following: A: B: C: D:
- 37.
Based off the map, the majority of South American countries speak what two languages:
- 38.
Based off the map, the majority of South America people belong to which religion?
- 39.
Answer the following essay in a detailed paragraph (Or more). You must use complete sentences and correct grammar. In your own words, describe what "colonial legacy" means. How was this era defined by "exploration and colonization." Make sure to use examples of what European nations left behind that still affect Latin America today (Examples: Language, religion, culture).
.JPG "Based off the map, the majority of South America people belong to which religion?")
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