European Geography & History Quiz

Explanation
In Greek mythology, Prometheus was punished by Zeus for his actions by being chained to the Caucasus Mountains. This punishment was meant to be eternal, as Prometheus was bound to the mountain and had his liver eaten by an eagle every day, only for it to regenerate overnight. This served as a reminder to both Prometheus and mankind of the consequences of defying the gods. The other options, Mount Olympus and Acropolis of Athens, are not associated with Prometheus' punishment.

Explanation
The ancient Olympic Games were held in honor of Zeus. In Greek mythology, Zeus was the king of the gods and the ruler of Mount Olympus. He was considered the patron deity of sports and athletes, making him the most fitting choice to be honored during the Olympic Games. The games were believed to have been founded by Hercules, who was a son of Zeus, further establishing the connection between Zeus and the Olympics.

Explanation
Tito Livio, also known as Livy, is the correct answer for the author of Ab Urbe Condita. Ab Urbe Condita is a significant historical work that provides a comprehensive account of ancient Rome. Livy wrote this monumental history in the Latin language, making it an essential source for understanding the history and culture of ancient Rome.

Explanation
Augustus was defeated by Antony and Cleopatra at the Battle of Actium in 31 B.C. This battle marked the end of the Roman Republic and the beginning of Augustus' reign as the first emperor of Rome.

Explanation
The Vikings called the new lands they discovered "Vinland". This is supported by historical evidence and archaeological findings, including the Vinland Sagas, which are two medieval texts that describe the Viking exploration of North America. These sagas mention a place called "Vinland" where the Vikings settled and established a temporary colony. The name "Vinland" is believed to refer to the abundance of grapes or wine in the area, indicating that the Vikings recognized the fertile nature of the land.

Explanation
William the Conqueror defeated and killed the last Anglo-Saxon king of England, Harold II, at the Battle of Hastings. This battle took place in 1066 and marked the end of the Anglo-Saxon rule in England. William's victory led to his coronation as the King of England, establishing the Norman dynasty and bringing significant changes to the country's political, social, and cultural landscape.

Explanation
The correct answer is Hanseatic League. The Hanseatic League was an economic alliance of trading cities and their guilds that established and maintained a trade monopoly along the coast of Northern Europe. The league played a significant role in the economic and political development of the region during the medieval period. It facilitated trade, protected the interests of its members, and promoted economic cooperation among the participating cities. The Hanseatic League was particularly influential in the Baltic Sea region and had a lasting impact on the development of maritime trade and commerce in Northern Europe.

Explanation
Cabeza de Vaca was the first European to travel across North America. He was a Spanish explorer who, along with his companions, survived a shipwreck off the coast of Texas in 1528. They spent several years journeying through the Gulf Coast region, encountering various Native American tribes and enduring harsh conditions. Cabeza de Vaca's account of his experiences, published in 1542, provided valuable insights into the Native American cultures and geography of the region. His journey paved the way for future European exploration and colonization of North America.

Explanation
Robespierre was arrested and sent to the guillotine on July 28, 1794. He was a prominent figure during the French Revolution and one of the leaders of the Reign of Terror. Robespierre's radical policies and his role in the execution of many individuals led to his downfall. The Committee of Public Safety turned against him, leading to his arrest and subsequent execution.

Explanation
The Treaty of Rome was signed in 1957. This treaty established the European Economic Community (EEC), which aimed to create a common market among its member states. The EEC later evolved into the European Union (EU) and laid the foundation for economic integration and cooperation among European countries. The signing of the Treaty of Rome marked a significant step towards European unity and paved the way for the development of the EU as we know it today.