The Ultimate Anatomy And Physiology Of Human Body Quiz
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This is The Ultimate Anatomy and Physiology of Human Body Quiz. The human body is a very interesting study, and getting to understand it does help one to live a longer and healthy life. In our anatomy and physiology class, we got to understand the organs in our boy and their interrelation between the body parts. This quiz is taken from the Anatomy and Physiology portion of the Milady's Standard Cosmetology Exam Review. Give it a try!
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The study of the structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye is called:
- A.
Anatomy
- B.
Myology
- C.
Physiology
- D.
Histology
Correct Answer
A. AnatomyExplanation
Anatomy is the study of the structures of the human body that can be seen with the naked eye. It focuses on the identification and description of different body parts, their relationships, and their overall organization. This field of study involves dissecting and examining cadavers, as well as utilizing imaging techniques such as X-rays and CT scans to observe the internal structures. By studying anatomy, healthcare professionals gain a better understanding of the body's form and function, which is essential for diagnosing and treating various medical conditions.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Living plant and animal cells are enclosed by the:
- A.
Cytoplasm
- B.
Nucleus
- C.
Protoplasm
- D.
Cell membrane
Correct Answer
D. Cell membraneExplanation
Living plant and animal cells are enclosed by the cell membrane. The cell membrane is a thin, flexible barrier that surrounds the cell and separates its internal environment from the external environment. It controls the movement of substances in and out of the cell, allowing nutrients to enter and waste products to exit. The cell membrane also plays a role in maintaining the cell's shape and providing support. It is essential for cell survival and function.Rate this question:
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- 3.
The substance of which all living cells are composed is called:
- A.
Protoplasm
- B.
Lymph
- C.
Leukocytes
- D.
Plasma
Correct Answer
A. ProtoplasmExplanation
Protoplasm is the correct answer because it is the substance that makes up the living cells of all organisms. It is a complex mixture of organic and inorganic compounds, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Protoplasm is responsible for carrying out various cellular functions such as metabolism, growth, and reproduction. It is found in both the nucleus (nucleoplasm) and the cytoplasm of the cell, providing structural support and facilitating the movement of molecules within the cell.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Food materials for cellular growth and self-repair are found in the:
- A.
Daughter cell
- B.
Cell membrane
- C.
Cytoplasm
- D.
Nucleus
Correct Answer
C. CytoplasmExplanation
Food materials for cellular growth and self-repair are found in the cytoplasm. The cytoplasm is a jelly-like substance that fills the cell and contains various organelles, including the mitochondria, which are responsible for producing energy through cellular respiration. Within the cytoplasm, there are also ribosomes, which are involved in protein synthesis. These organelles and processes require nutrients and building blocks to function, and these are obtained from food materials present in the cytoplasm. Therefore, the cytoplasm serves as the site where food materials are utilized for cellular growth and self-repair.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones is called:
- A.
Anabolism
- B.
Catabolism
- C.
Mitosis
- D.
Circulation
Correct Answer
A. AnabolismExplanation
Anabolism is the correct answer because it refers to the process of building up larger molecules from smaller ones. This process involves the synthesis of complex molecules such as proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids, using energy. It is the opposite of catabolism, which involves the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler ones. Mitosis is a type of cell division, and circulation refers to the movement of fluids within an organism.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A tissue is a group of _ that perform a specific function.
- A.
Systems
- B.
Cells
- C.
Membranes
- D.
Organs
Correct Answer
B. CellsExplanation
A tissue is a group of cells that perform a specific function. Tissues are made up of cells that work together to carry out a specific task or function in the body. Each type of tissue has specialized cells that are adapted to perform a particular function, such as muscle tissue for movement or epithelial tissue for protection. Therefore, cells are the fundamental building blocks of tissues and are responsible for their specific functions.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The brain and spinal cord are examples of:
- A.
Nerve tissue
- B.
Connective tissue
- C.
Epithelial tissue
- D.
Muscular tissue
Correct Answer
A. Nerve tissueExplanation
The brain and spinal cord are examples of nerve tissue because they are composed of specialized cells called neurons that transmit electrical signals throughout the body. Nerve tissue is responsible for receiving and processing information, as well as coordinating and controlling bodily functions. It is distinct from other types of tissue such as connective tissue, epithelial tissue, and muscular tissue, which have different functions and cellular compositions.Rate this question:
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- 8.
The tissue that serves as a protective covering on body surfaces is called:
- A.
Nerve tissue
- B.
Epithelial tissue
- C.
Connective tissue
- D.
Muscular tissue
Correct Answer
B. Epithelial tissueExplanation
Epithelial tissue is the correct answer because it serves as a protective covering on body surfaces. This tissue lines the outer surfaces of organs, as well as the inner surfaces of cavities and blood vessels. It acts as a barrier, protecting underlying tissues from mechanical damage, pathogens, and dehydration. Epithelial tissue also plays a role in absorption, secretion, and sensory perception.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The hear, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and intestines are body:
- A.
Organs
- B.
Functions
- C.
Systems
- D.
Tissues
Correct Answer
A. OrgansExplanation
The given correct answer is "organs." Organs are distinct structures within the body that perform specific functions. The heart, lungs, kidneys, stomach, and intestines are all examples of organs. They work together to carry out essential bodily processes and maintain overall health.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The circulatory system includes these organs:
- A.
Oil and sweat glands
- B.
Lungs and air passages
- C.
Stomach and salivary glands
- D.
Heart and blood vessels
Correct Answer
D. Heart and blood vesselsExplanation
The circulatory system is responsible for the transportation of blood and nutrients throughout the body. The heart, which is a muscular organ, pumps oxygenated blood to the various parts of the body through a network of blood vessels, including arteries, veins, and capillaries. The blood vessels act as conduits, carrying the blood to and from the heart. The oil and sweat glands, lungs and air passages, and stomach and salivary glands are not part of the circulatory system, as they have different functions unrelated to the transportation of blood.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The body system that serves as the physical foundation of the body is the:
- A.
Skeletal system
- B.
Nervous system
- C.
Respiratory system
- D.
Circulatory system
Correct Answer
A. Skeletal systemExplanation
The skeletal system serves as the physical foundation of the body because it provides support, shape, and structure. It is made up of bones, cartilage, and ligaments, which work together to protect internal organs, allow movement, and provide a framework for muscles to attach to. Additionally, the skeletal system produces red and white blood cells, stores minerals such as calcium, and plays a role in regulating the body's pH levels.Rate this question:
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- 12.
The scientific study of the anatomy, structure, and functions of bones is called:
- A.
Trichology
- B.
Biology
- C.
Osteology
- D.
Myology
Correct Answer
C. OsteologyExplanation
Osteology is the scientific study of the anatomy, structure, and functions of bones. This field focuses on understanding the skeletal system, including the different types of bones, their composition, and how they function to support the body. Trichology is the study of hair, biology is the study of living organisms, and myology is the study of muscles. Therefore, osteology is the correct answer as it specifically relates to the study of bones.Rate this question:
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- 13.
The portion of the skull that protects the brain is the:
- A.
Cranium
- B.
Frontal bone
- C.
Mandible
- D.
Facial skeleton
Correct Answer
A. CraniumExplanation
The cranium is the correct answer because it is the portion of the skull that provides protection to the brain. It is a bony structure that encloses and supports the brain, forming the upper part of the skull. The cranium consists of several bones that are fused together, including the frontal, parietal, temporal, occipital, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones. Together, these bones create a strong and sturdy structure that safeguards the delicate brain from external forces and injuries.Rate this question:
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- 14.
An important function of bones is:
- A.
Producing red and white blood cells
- B.
Stimulating blood circulation
- C.
Stimulating the muscles
- D.
Producing calcium
Correct Answer
A. Producing red and white blood cellsExplanation
Bones contain bone marrow, which is responsible for producing red and white blood cells. Red blood cells are responsible for carrying oxygen to different parts of the body, while white blood cells are part of the immune system and help fight off infections and diseases. Therefore, one of the important functions of bones is producing red and white blood cells.Rate this question:
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- 15.
The two bones that form the sides and crown (top) of the cranium are the:
- A.
Frontal bones
- B.
Temporal bones
- C.
Occipital bones
- D.
Parietal bones
Correct Answer
D. Parietal bonesExplanation
The parietal bones are the two bones that form the sides and crown of the cranium. They are located towards the top of the skull and join together at the sagittal suture. The frontal bones are located at the front of the cranium, the temporal bones are located on the sides and base of the cranium, and the occipital bone is located at the back of the cranium. However, it is the parietal bones that specifically form the sides and top of the cranium.Rate this question:
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- 16.
The U-shaped bone that is commonly called the "Adam's apple" is the:
- A.
Nasal bone
- B.
Carpus
- C.
Mandible
- D.
Hyoid
Correct Answer
D. HyoidExplanation
The U-shaped bone that is commonly called the "Adam's apple" is the hyoid. The hyoid bone is located in the neck and is responsible for supporting the tongue and providing attachment points for various muscles involved in swallowing and speaking. It is more prominent in males, which is why it is often referred to as the "Adam's apple". The nasal bone, carpus, and mandible are not associated with the "Adam's apple".Rate this question:
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- 17.
The bony cage that serves as a protective framework for the heart, lungs, and other organs is the:
- A.
Scapula
- B.
Phalanges
- C.
Thorax
- D.
Sternum
Correct Answer
C. ThoraxExplanation
The correct answer is thorax. The thorax is a bony cage that surrounds and protects the heart, lungs, and other organs. It is made up of the sternum (breastbone), ribs, and thoracic vertebrae. The thorax provides structural support and helps to prevent injury to the vital organs within it.Rate this question:
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- 18.
The cheekbones are also called the:
- A.
Maxillae
- B.
Zygomatic bones
- C.
Lacrimal bones
- D.
Temporal bones
Correct Answer
B. Zygomatic bonesExplanation
The zygomatic bones, also known as the cheekbones, are responsible for forming the prominence of the cheeks. They articulate with the maxilla (upper jawbone) and the temporal bone (side of the skull). The lacrimal bones are located near the tear ducts, and the temporal bones are situated at the sides and base of the skull. Therefore, the correct answer is zygomatic bones.Rate this question:
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- 19.
The largest and strongest bone of the face is the:
- A.
Zygomatic bone
- B.
Lacrimal bone
- C.
Maxilla
- D.
Mandible
Correct Answer
D. MandibleExplanation
The mandible, also known as the jawbone, is the largest and strongest bone of the face. It forms the lower jaw and is responsible for supporting the teeth. The mandible plays a crucial role in various functions such as chewing, speaking, and facial expression. It is a movable bone that articulates with the temporal bone, allowing for the opening and closing of the mouth. Due to its size and strength, the mandible is able to withstand the forces applied during chewing and biting.Rate this question:
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- 20.
The place where tow or more bones connect is called a/an:
- A.
Tendon
- B.
Origin
- C.
Joint
- D.
Ligament
Correct Answer
C. JointExplanation
A joint is the correct answer because it refers to the place where two or more bones connect. It allows for movement and flexibility in the body. Tendons and ligaments are also involved in connecting bones, but they do not specifically refer to the place of connection. The origin is the point where a muscle attaches to a bone and is not directly related to the connection between bones.Rate this question:
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- 21.
The temporal bones from the:
- A.
Lower jaw
- B.
Sides of the head
- C.
Forehead
- D.
Eye sockets
Correct Answer
B. Sides of the headExplanation
The temporal bones are located on the sides of the head. These bones are situated near the lower jaw, forehead, and eye sockets. They are responsible for protecting the delicate structures of the inner ear and also contribute to the formation of the skull.Rate this question:
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- 22.
The bones of the forearm are the:
- A.
Phalanges
- B.
Ulna and radius
- C.
Carpus and metacarpus
- D.
Humerus and radius
Correct Answer
B. Ulna and radiusExplanation
The correct answer is ulna and radius. The ulna and radius are the two bones in the forearm. The ulna is located on the inner side of the forearm, while the radius is on the outer side. These bones are responsible for supporting the forearm and allowing for movement of the hand and wrist.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The 14 bones in the fingers of each hand are the:
- A.
Phalanges
- B.
Clavicles
- C.
Carpals
- D.
Digits
Correct Answer
A. PhalangesExplanation
The correct answer is phalanges. Phalanges are the bones in the fingers of each hand. They are responsible for the movement and flexibility of the fingers. The other options, clavicles, carpals, and digits, are not specifically related to the bones in the fingers. Clavicles are collarbones, carpals are bones in the wrist, and digits refer to the fingers and toes collectively.Rate this question:
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- 24.
The bridge of the nose is formed by the:
- A.
Frontal bones
- B.
Lacrimal bones
- C.
Nasal bones
- D.
Zygomatic bones
Correct Answer
C. Nasal bonesExplanation
The bridge of the nose is formed by the nasal bones. These bones are located in the upper part of the nose and contribute to its overall structure and shape. The frontal bones are located in the forehead, the lacrimal bones are found in the inner corners of the eye sockets, and the zygomatic bones are cheekbones. However, none of these bones contribute to the formation of the bridge of the nose.Rate this question:
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- 25.
The place of attachment of a muscle to an immovable section of the skeleton is called the:
- A.
Belly
- B.
Origin
- C.
Insertion
- D.
Ligament
Correct Answer
B. OriginExplanation
The place of attachment of a muscle to an immovable section of the skeleton is called the origin. This is where the muscle originates from and remains fixed during muscle contraction. The origin is usually located closer to the center of the body or the proximal end of the bone, providing stability and a point of leverage for muscle movement.Rate this question:
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- 26.
The study of the structure, functions, and diseases of the muscles is called:
- A.
Neurology
- B.
Osteology
- C.
Cardiology
- D.
Myology
Correct Answer
D. MyologyExplanation
Myology is the correct answer because it specifically refers to the study of muscles. Neurology is the study of the nervous system, osteology is the study of bones, and cardiology is the study of the heart. None of these options are as directly related to the structure, functions, and diseases of the muscles as myology.Rate this question:
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- 27.
The muscles that are attached to the bones and are controlled by the will are the:
- A.
Visceral muscles
- B.
Nonstriated muscles
- C.
Striated muscles
- D.
Cardiac muscles
Correct Answer
C. Striated musclesExplanation
Striated muscles are the correct answer because they are attached to the bones and are under voluntary control. These muscles are also known as skeletal muscles and are responsible for movement, posture, and locomotion. They have a striped appearance due to the arrangement of their contractile proteins, actin, and myosin. Visceral muscles, also known as smooth muscles, are found in the walls of organs and are not under voluntary control. Nonstriated muscles are another term for smooth muscles. Cardiac muscles are found in the heart and are involuntary muscles.Rate this question:
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- 28.
The muscle that covers the to of the skull is the:
- A.
Procerus
- B.
Latissimus dorsi
- C.
Epicranius
- D.
Aponeurosis
Correct Answer
C. EpicraniusExplanation
The muscle that covers the top of the skull is the epicranius. This muscle is composed of two parts: the frontalis and the occipitalis. The frontalis muscle is located in the forehead region and is responsible for raising the eyebrows and wrinkling the forehead. The occipitalis muscle is located at the back of the head and is responsible for retracting the scalp. Together, these muscles form the epicranius, which covers the top of the skull.Rate this question:
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- 29.
The muscle that rungs the eye socket is the:
- A.
Orbicularis oculi
- B.
Auricularis superior
- C.
Procerus
- D.
Orbicularis oris
Correct Answer
A. Orbicularis oculiExplanation
The muscle that runs the eye socket is called the orbicularis oculi. This muscle is responsible for closing the eyelids and protecting the eye from external stimuli. It forms a circular shape around the eye socket and allows for blinking and squinting movements. The other options, auricularis superior, procerus, and orbicularis oris, are muscles that are not specifically involved in the movement of the eye socket.Rate this question:
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- 30.
The muscles of chewing or mastication are the:
- A.
Pectoralis major and minor
- B.
Zygomaticus major and minor
- C.
Buccinator and mentalis muscles
- D.
Masseter and temporalis muscles
Correct Answer
D. Masseter and temporalis musclesExplanation
The correct answer is masseter and temporalis muscles. These muscles are responsible for the movement of the jaw during chewing or mastication. The masseter muscle is the primary muscle involved in closing the jaw, while the temporalis muscle helps in both closing and retracting the jaw. Together, these muscles work to facilitate the process of chewing food.Rate this question:
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- 31.
One of the muscles that control the swinging movements of the arm is the:
- A.
Deltoid
- B.
Trapezius
- C.
Serratus anterior
- D.
Extensor
Correct Answer
B. TrapeziusExplanation
The trapezius muscle is responsible for controlling the swinging movements of the arm. It is a large, triangular muscle located in the upper back and neck region. The trapezius muscle helps to stabilize and move the shoulder blade, allowing for the arm to swing freely. It is involved in various movements of the arm, including raising, lowering, and rotating the arm.Rate this question:
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- 32.
The muscle of the neck that lowers and rotates the head is the:
- A.
Pectoralis
- B.
Sternocleidomastoideus
- C.
Orbicularis oris
- D.
Platysma
Correct Answer
B. SternocleidomastoideusExplanation
The correct answer is sternocleidomastoideus. The sternocleidomastoideus muscle is located in the neck and is responsible for lowering and rotating the head. It is a large muscle that runs from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process of the temporal bone. When both sides of the muscle contract together, it flexes the neck forward and helps in lowering the head. When only one side contracts, it rotates the head to the opposite side.Rate this question:
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- 33.
The muscles that draw the fingers together are the:
- A.
Extensors
- B.
Opponents
- C.
Adductors
- D.
Abductors
Correct Answer
C. AdductorsExplanation
The adductors are the muscles responsible for drawing the fingers together. These muscles are located on the inner side of the hand and help in bringing the fingers closer towards the midline of the hand. They work in opposition to the abductors, which are responsible for spreading the fingers apart. The extensors are responsible for extending or straightening the fingers, while the opponents are the muscles that allow for opposition of the thumb with the other fingers.Rate this question:
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- 34.
The brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves make up the:
- A.
Autonomic nervous system
- B.
Circulatory system
- C.
Central nervous system
- D.
Peripheral nervous system
Correct Answer
C. Central nervous systemExplanation
The brain, spinal cord, spinal nerves, and cranial nerves make up the central nervous system. This system is responsible for processing and coordinating information received from the sensory organs and sending out appropriate responses to the body. It controls and regulates various bodily functions, including movement, thoughts, emotions, and sensory perception. The central nervous system plays a crucial role in maintaining homeostasis and overall body functioning.Rate this question:
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- 35.
The largest and most complex nerve tissue in the body is the:
- A.
Fifth cranial nerve
- B.
Spinal cord
- C.
Spinal nerves
- D.
Brain
Correct Answer
D. BrainExplanation
The brain is the largest and most complex nerve tissue in the body. It is responsible for controlling and coordinating all bodily functions, processing sensory information, and storing memories. The brain is composed of billions of neurons that transmit electrical signals and chemical messages, allowing for communication throughout the body. It is protected by the skull and is divided into different regions, each with specific functions such as cognition, movement, and emotion. Overall, the brain is essential for all aspects of human life and is the central command center of the nervous system.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The sensations of touch, cold, heat, sight, and hearing are carried to the brain by:
- A.
Reflexes
- B.
Motor nerves
- C.
Sensory nerves
- D.
Efferent nerves
Correct Answer
C. Sensory nervesExplanation
Sensory nerves are responsible for carrying the sensations of touch, cold, heat, sight, and hearing to the brain. These nerves transmit signals from the sensory organs to the brain, allowing us to perceive and interpret the external stimuli. Reflexes, motor nerves, and efferent nerves are not directly involved in carrying these sensations to the brain.Rate this question:
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- 37.
The part of the nerve cell, or neuron, that sends impulses away from the cell body to outher neurons, glands, or muscles is the:
- A.
Spinal cord
- B.
Axon
- C.
Cell body
- D.
Dendrites
Correct Answer
B. AxonExplanation
The axon is the part of the nerve cell that transmits electrical impulses away from the cell body to other neurons, glands, or muscles. It is a long, slender projection that allows for the rapid transmission of signals over long distances. The axon is covered by a myelin sheath, which helps to insulate and protect the axon, allowing for faster and more efficient transmission of impulses.Rate this question:
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- 38.
A branch of the fifth cranial nerve affecting the external ear and skin above the temple is the:
- A.
Auriculotemporal nerve
- B.
Infraorbital nerve
- C.
Mental nerve
- D.
Infratrochlear nerve
Correct Answer
A. Auriculotemporal nerveExplanation
The auriculotemporal nerve is a branch of the fifth cranial nerve that innervates the external ear and the skin above the temple. It is responsible for providing sensation to these areas and is involved in the control of blood flow to the face. The infraorbital nerve, mental nerve, and infratrochlear nerve are other branches of the fifth cranial nerve, but they do not innervate the external ear or the skin above the temple. Therefore, the auriculotemporal nerve is the correct answer.Rate this question:
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