Canadian History Quiz

Explanation
Stephen Harper is the correct answer because he served as the Prime Minister of Canada from 2006 to 2015. He was the leader of the Conservative Party of Canada and held the position for three consecutive terms. Harper implemented various policies during his tenure, including economic reforms and changes to immigration and foreign policy.

Explanation
The correct answer is Ottawa because it is the capital city of Canada.

Explanation
Canada entered into Confederation in 1867. This is the correct answer because 1867 marks the year when Canada became a federal Dominion, with the joining of the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec. This event is known as Confederation and it laid the foundation for the creation of the modern-day Canada.

Explanation
Britain took control of Quebec away from France by winning the battle of the Plains of Abraham. This battle took place during the Seven Years' War in 1759, when British forces led by General James Wolfe defeated the French forces led by General Louis-Joseph de Montcalm. As a result of this victory, the British gained control of Quebec and eventually all of New France, leading to the end of French colonial rule in North America.

Explanation
The correct answer is Underground Railway. The Underground Railway was a network of secret routes and safe houses that were used by African-American slaves to escape to Canada and other free states in the 19th century. It was called "underground" because its activities were conducted in secret and its routes were hidden from authorities. The Underground Railway played a crucial role in helping thousands of slaves find freedom and was a significant part of the abolitionist movement.

Explanation
Newfoundland was the last province to join Confederation because it did not become a part of Canada until 1949. Prior to that, Newfoundland was a separate British colony. It held two referendums in 1948, with the second one resulting in a majority vote in favor of joining Canada. As a result, Newfoundland became the tenth province of Canada on March 31, 1949.

Explanation
Remembrance Day in Canada falls on November 11 because it commemorates the end of World War I. On this day in 1918, an armistice was signed, ending the hostilities of the war. Therefore, November 11 is significant as it marks the end of WWI and is observed as a day to remember and honor the sacrifices of Canadian soldiers who fought in the war.

Explanation
Chinese immigrants were once forced to pay a head tax to immigrate to Canada. This policy was implemented from 1885 to 1923 and aimed to discourage Chinese immigration. The head tax was a fee imposed solely on Chinese immigrants, making it more difficult for them to enter Canada. This discriminatory practice was a result of the prevailing anti-Chinese sentiment and racism during that time period. The head tax was eventually repealed in 1923, but it had a significant impact on the Chinese community in Canada.

Explanation
Louis Riel was a Metis leader who was hanged by the federal government in 1885. He led the Red River Rebellion in 1869-1870 and the Northwest Rebellion in 1885, both of which were aimed at protecting the rights and interests of the Metis people. Riel's actions were seen as a threat to the Canadian government, leading to his arrest and subsequent execution. His death sparked controversy and debate, with many viewing him as a martyr for the Metis cause and others condemning him as a traitor.

Explanation
Voyageurs is the correct answer because it is a commonly used term to refer to early French fur traders in Canada. The term "voyageur" originated from the French word "voyager," meaning to travel. These individuals were known for their extensive journeys across the Canadian wilderness in search of fur and trade opportunities. They played a crucial role in the fur trade industry and were instrumental in establishing French influence in Canada during the 17th and 18th centuries.

Explanation
The Governor General is the representative of the monarch in Canada and serves as the head of state. While the Prime Minister is the head of government, the Governor General holds significant constitutional powers and responsibilities, including appointing the Prime Minister and giving royal assent to legislation. Therefore, Canada's head of government is indeed the Governor General.

Explanation
The given statement is false. The first Prime Minister of Canada was Sir John A. Macdonald, not Lester B. Pearson. Pearson served as the Prime Minister of Canada from 1963 to 1968, but he was not the first.

Explanation
Canada does indeed have 10 provinces and 3 territories. Nunavut is the most recent territory, having been created in 1999. This information is correct and therefore the answer is true.

Explanation
Canada actually has two official languages, English and French. The Official Languages Act, passed in 1969, recognized both languages as having equal status and rights in government institutions and federal services. This was done to acknowledge and protect the linguistic duality of the country, as a significant portion of the population speaks French as their first language.

Explanation
At the beginning of the 20th century, the Dominion of Canada was indeed a part of the British Empire and had the status of a colony. This means that Canada was under the control and governance of the British government, and its policies and decisions were influenced by the British Empire. However, Canada did have some degree of autonomy and self-governance within the empire, with its own government and institutions.