Biology Quiz: Test Your Basics!

Explanation
Males with an extra Y chromosome have been found to be more aggressive. This is because the Y chromosome contains genes that are involved in the development and regulation of aggression-related behaviors. Studies have shown that individuals with XYY syndrome, a genetic condition where males have an extra Y chromosome, tend to exhibit higher levels of aggression compared to individuals with the typical XY chromosome pattern. This suggests that the presence of an additional Y chromosome may contribute to increased aggression in males.

Explanation
Vikkunen (1989) found that violent offenders and impulse fire starters had a lower level of serotonin.

Explanation
The prefrontal lobes of the brain have been linked to aggression. This is because these lobes are responsible for regulating and controlling impulsive behavior, decision-making, and social behavior. Damage or dysfunction in the prefrontal lobes can lead to a lack of impulse control and increased aggression. Studies have shown that individuals with prefrontal lobe damage or abnormalities are more likely to exhibit aggressive behaviors. Therefore, the prefrontal lobes play a crucial role in modulating and inhibiting aggression.

Explanation
Raine used the method of experiment.

Explanation
In 2006, 80% of sentenced people were male. This means that out of all the people who received a sentence, 80% were male. This statistic indicates a significant gender imbalance in the criminal justice system during that year, with a higher proportion of males being convicted and sentenced compared to females.

Explanation
On average, males tend to have a shorter life expectancy compared to females. This is supported by various studies and demographic data from around the world. Factors such as biological differences, lifestyle choices, and societal factors contribute to this disparity. Men are more prone to certain health conditions, engage in riskier behaviors, and have higher mortality rates for accidents and violence. Additionally, women tend to seek healthcare more often and have better access to healthcare services, which can also contribute to their longer life expectancy.

Explanation
Men have one X chromosome and one Y chromosome. The combination of these two chromosomes, XY, determines male sex. The X chromosome is inherited from the mother, while the Y chromosome is inherited from the father. This combination of chromosomes is responsible for the development of male reproductive organs and other male characteristics.

Explanation
Females have two X chromosomes. This is because gender is determined by the presence or absence of the Y chromosome. Since females do not have a Y chromosome, they have two X chromosomes. Therefore, the correct answer is YY.

Explanation
DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a molecule that carries genetic instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all known organisms. It is responsible for storing and transmitting genetic information from one generation to the next. DNA is composed of nucleotides that form a double helix structure and it contains the genetic code that determines the traits and characteristics of an organism. Therefore, DNA is the correct answer to the question "What is this?"

Explanation
Testosterone does indeed affect the neurotransmitters in the brain. It has been found to modulate the release and activity of various neurotransmitters, such as dopamine, serotonin, and norepinephrine. These neurotransmitters play crucial roles in regulating mood, cognition, and behavior. Testosterone can influence their levels and activity, thereby impacting a person's mental and emotional states.

Explanation
DNA stands for DeoxyriboNucleic Acid. DNA is a molecule that carries the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning, and reproduction of all known living organisms. It is composed of two long chains of nucleotides twisted into a double helix structure. The information stored in DNA is used by cells to build proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of the body.

Explanation
Drug abuse can indeed cause neurological problems. The use of drugs can lead to changes in the brain's structure and function, affecting neurotransmitters and disrupting normal communication between brain cells. Prolonged drug abuse can result in various neurological disorders such as memory loss, cognitive impairment, mood disorders, and even seizures. Additionally, certain drugs can directly damage brain cells or blood vessels, leading to further neurological complications. Therefore, it is clear that drug abuse can have detrimental effects on the neurological system.

Explanation
Brunner et al used the method of case study. A case study involves conducting an in-depth analysis of a specific individual, group, or situation. It allows researchers to gather detailed information and gain insights into the subject of study. In this method, various data sources such as interviews, observations, and documents are used to collect information. Case studies are particularly useful when studying complex phenomena or when there is a need to understand the context and unique aspects of a particular case.

Explanation
A P.E.T scan, or Positron Emission Tomography scan, is a medical imaging technique that creates a picture of the inside of the body. It is commonly used to detect and diagnose various diseases and conditions, such as cancer, heart problems, and neurological disorders. During a P.E.T scan, a small amount of radioactive material is injected into the body, which then emits positrons. These positrons collide with electrons in the body, producing gamma rays that are detected by a special camera. The data collected from these gamma rays is then used to create detailed images of the organs and tissues inside the body.