แบบทดสอบเรื่องสารชีวโมเลกุล

The correct answer is "กรดอะมิโน" which translates to "amino acids" in English. Amino acids are the building blocks of proteins and are considered the smallest unit of protein. They are essential for various biological processes and play a crucial role in the structure and function of cells and tissues in the body.

There are two types of fatty acids, which are saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids. Saturated fatty acids have no double bonds between carbon atoms and are usually solid at room temperature, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms and are usually liquid at room temperature. Therefore, the correct answer is 2 types.

The correct answer is "พันธะเพปไทด์" because the question asks for the bond that connects amino acids in a polypeptide. A polypeptide is a chain of amino acids, and the bond that connects these amino acids is called a peptide bond. Therefore, the correct answer is "พันธะเพปไทด์" which translates to "peptide bond" in English.

When tested with iodine solution, starch produces a blue color. Therefore, the correct answer is starch (แป้ง).

DNA และ RNA ประกอบด้วย 3 ส่วน คือ น้ำตาลเพนโตส, อินทรีย์เบส, และหมู่ฟอสเฟต ซึ่งเป็นส่วนประกอบที่สำคัญในการสร้างโครงสร้างของ DNA และ RNA น้ำตาลเพนโตสเป็นส่วนที่สำคัญในการเชื่อมต่อกับอินทรีย์เบสเพื่อสร้างโครงสร้างของ DNA และ RNA ส่วนอินทรีย์เบสเป็นส่วนที่ประกอบด้วยฐานเป็นสายโพลิเมอร์ที่เชื่อมต่อกับน้ำตาลเพนโตส ส่วนหมู่ฟอสเฟตเป็นส่วนที่เชื่อมต่อกับอินทรีย์เบสเพื่อสร้างโครงสร้างของ DNA และ RNA องค์ประกอบทั้ง 3 ส่วนนี้เป็นส่วนสำคัญในการเกิดกระบวนการทางชีวภาพที่สำคัญในสายพันธุกรรมของสิ่งมีชีวิต

Maltose is the correct answer because it is a disaccharide that is formed by the combination of two glucose molecules. It is commonly found in grains and is a product of starch digestion. Maltose is often used in brewing and baking processes as a source of fermentable sugar.

The correct answer is "กรดอะมิโนที่ร่างกายสังเคราะห์ขึ้นเองไม่ได้" (Amino acids that the body cannot synthesize). This answer states that there are certain amino acids that the body cannot produce on its own and therefore must be obtained through diet or supplementation. These essential amino acids are necessary for various bodily functions, including protein synthesis and the production of neurotransmitters.

The given answer is incorrect because RNA does contain the sugar ribose, which is a component of RNA nucleotides. DNA, on the other hand, contains the sugar deoxyribose.

Lactose is not a monosaccharide but a disaccharide composed of glucose and galactose. Monosaccharides are simple sugars that cannot be broken down into smaller sugar molecules. Glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides as they consist of a single sugar molecule. However, lactose is formed by the bonding of glucose and galactose, making it a disaccharide.

The correct answer is "พันธะไกลโคซิดิก" because glycosidic bond is the bond that connects monosaccharide molecules together.

When four types of amino acids combine, they can form a peptide bond at three different positions. Therefore, the correct answer is 3 positions.

The question is asking for the correct formula for an unsaturated fatty acid with 18 carbon atoms and 2 double bonds. The correct answer is "ง." C17H31COOH because it matches the given criteria.

The correct answer is "สารละลายไบยูเรต เกิดสารสีม่วง" because the question asks for the substance used to test protein and its resulting color. The given answer states that the substance used is "สารละลายไบยูเรต" and the resulting color is "สารสีม่วง".

When tested with a solution of biuret, the substance polypeptide produces a purple color.

พันธะเพปไทด์เป็นพันธะระหว่างธาตุคาร์บอน (C) กับธาตุไนโตรเจน (N)

The correct answer is ข. C15H29COOH. This is because the question asks for the fatty acid that is not saturated. In general, saturated fatty acids have the maximum number of hydrogen atoms bonded to each carbon atom, while unsaturated fatty acids have one or more double bonds between carbon atoms. The chemical formula C15H29COOH indicates that there are 15 carbon atoms and 29 hydrogen atoms, suggesting the presence of at least one double bond. Therefore, C15H29COOH is an unsaturated fatty acid and fits the criteria of the question.

Sucrose is the correct answer because it is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose molecules linked together. It is commonly found in table sugar and is often used as a sweetener in food and beverages. Sucrose is not a reducing sugar, meaning it does not have a free aldehyde or ketone group that can undergo oxidation reactions.

Sucrose is the correct answer because when it is boiled with Benedict's solution, it does not produce a red precipitate. Benedict's solution is used to test for the presence of reducing sugars, which are sugars that can donate electrons to another substance. Reducing sugars, such as glucose and fructose, can reduce the copper ions in Benedict's solution, resulting in a red precipitate. However, sucrose is a non-reducing sugar because its glycosidic bond prevents it from donating electrons, so it does not produce a red precipitate when boiled with Benedict's solution.

The correct answer is ค. C17H33COOH. This is because the question states that the fatty acid has an even number of carbon atoms (C 18), which means that the number of hydrogen atoms should be 2 less than the number of carbon atoms. Therefore, the correct formula would be C17H33COOH.

The correct answer is ข. C15H29COOH. This is because the reaction of fatty acids with bromine leads to the addition of bromine atoms to the carbon chain, resulting in the formation of bromoalkanes. The general formula for fatty acids is CnH2n+1COOH, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the chain. Therefore, the correct fatty acid that can undergo bromination is C15H29COOH.

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When four different types of amino acids combine together, they can form a protein. Since there are 4 types of amino acids mentioned in the question, each of which can be combined with any of the other three, the total number of possible combinations is 4 x 3 x 2 x 1 = 24. Therefore, 24 different types of proteins can be formed.

The protein with the given structure has 5 amino acids, 6 molecules, and 7 types of amino acids.

The correct answer is 4. This is because when vegetable oil is used for frying, it undergoes a process called oxidation, which leads to the formation of rancid odors. This oxidation process is accelerated by the presence of unsaturated fatty acids in the vegetable oil. Therefore, the vegetable oil with the highest level of unsaturated fatty acids will have the strongest rancid odor when used for frying.