Nematodes Quiz: How Much Do You Know?

Explanation
Toxocara canis is the correct answer because it is the full name for the canine version of the intestinal roundworm. The description provided matches the characteristics of Toxocara canis, such as rough, pitted edges, thick shelled and mamillated. The other options, Uncinaria stenocephala and Toxascaris leonina, do not match the given description and are not the full name for the canine version of the roundworm.

Explanation
Toxascaris leonina is the correct answer because it matches the description given in the question. It is a roundworm that infects the intestines of both canines and felines. It has an almost oval shape, a smooth outer shell, and a hyaline (ground glass) nucleus.

Explanation
The given description mentions a roundworm with a rough "chainsaw" like shell that can leave "milk spots" on the liver. The correct answer is Ascaris suum because it is a type of roundworm that infects pigs and matches the description provided.

Explanation
Parascaris equorum is the correct answer because it fits the description given in the question. It is an equine roundworm that is larger and darker than Toxascaris leonina. It can cause gut impactions and ruptures, which can lead to fatal peritonitis in horses.

Explanation
Baylisascaris procyonis is the correct answer because it is the nematode found in raccoons that is dangerous to humans if they ingest the embryonated eggs of this parasite.

Explanation
Ancylostoma caninum is the correct answer because it matches the description given of a canine hookworm that occurs commonly in tropical and warm temperate areas. It is also known as the "Southern Hookworm" and has a similar appearance to the feline hookworm. The other options, Uncinaria stenocephala and Trichuris suis, do not fit the given description.

Explanation
Strongyloidea is a superfamily of parasitic roundworms that infect various animals, including ruminants. Bunostomum spp. is a specific type of roundworm that belongs to the group trichostrongyles, which are commonly found in ruminant animals. Therefore, the correct option is A. Bunostomum spp.

Explanation
Uncinaria stenocephala is the correct answer because it is described as a hookworm that is very similar to ancylostoma caninum and tubaeforme but causes less damage. It is also referred to as the "Northern Hookworm" and is found in cooler regions, primarily infecting canines with felines being less commonly affected. Ascaris suum and Dioctophyma renale are not mentioned in the given information and are therefore incorrect options.

Explanation
Trichostrongylidae is a family of parasitic worms that includes various species, one of which is Trichuris vulpis, commonly known as whipworm. Whipworms are a type of roundworm that infects dogs, causing gastrointestinal issues. The other options, Toxocara canis and Trichinella spiralis, are different species of roundworms that infect dogs but do not belong to the Trichostrongylidae family. Therefore, the correct answer is Trichuris vulpis.

Explanation
Trichuris suis is the correct answer because it is the scientific name for the porcine whipworm. The description provided matches the characteristics of Trichuris suis, including the inflamed colon and sloughing of the colonic mucosa in heavy infections. Bunostomum spp. and Toxascaris leonina are not correct options as they are different parasites that do not match the given description.

Explanation
Capillaria plica is the correct answer because it is a roundworm that commonly infects canines, felines, and ruminants. It is also known as the "Bladder Worm" and can be distinguished from the whipworm by its roughened outer shell and flattened polar plugs.

Explanation
Dipetalonema reconditum is the correct answer because it is a species of filarial worm that is characterized by having a cephalic hook and a blunt anterior end. Toxocara canis and Toxascaris leonina are other species of worms, but they do not have the specific characteristics mentioned in the question.

Explanation
Dirofilaria immitis is the correct answer because it is the only option that matches the given description. Dirofilaria immitis is a parasitic worm that causes heartworm disease in dogs and cats. It has a blunt head and a tapered tail that does not curl or hook in the presence of formalin. Trichinella spiralis and Ascaris suum do not have the same characteristics described in the question.

Explanation
Dioctophyma renale is the correct answer because it is the scientific name for the canine roundworm commonly known as the "Giant kidney worm." It is the largest parasitic nematode and has a distinct barrel shape, yellow-brown color, and bipolar structure. Trichuris suis and Trichinella spiralis are different types of parasites and do not match the description given.

Explanation
The correct answer is Dictyocaulus. Equine and bovine lungworm is caused by the parasite Dictyocaulus, which infects the lungs of horses and cattle. This parasite can cause respiratory problems and can be transmitted through contaminated pasture or by ingesting larvae. Bunostomum spp. is a type of hookworm that affects ruminants, not the lungs. Ascaris suum is the roundworm that affects pigs, not horses or cattle.

Explanation
Trichuris trichiura is the correct answer for the question "What is the Human Whipworm?". It is a parasitic roundworm that infects the large intestine of humans. This worm is commonly found in areas with poor sanitation and is transmitted through the ingestion of contaminated food or water. The infection can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anemia. Treatment usually involves the use of anthelmintic medications to eliminate the worms from the body.

Explanation
The correct answer is Strongylus equinus. Strongylus equinus is a type of equine roundworm that is similar to Strongylus vulgaris. The adult worms of this parasite attach to the mucosa of the colon and suck blood.

Explanation
Ancylostoma tubaeforme is the correct answer because it is a species of hookworm that is found specifically in cats. The other options, Trichinella spiralis and Toxascaris leonina, are not exclusive to cats and can be found in other animals as well.

Explanation
Trichinella spiralis is the correct answer because it is a roundworm that causes trichinosis in humans when they consume raw or undercooked pork. This parasite infects the muscles of the host, leading to symptoms such as muscle pain, fever, and swelling. Toxocara canis and Ascaris suum are also roundworms, but they do not cause trichinosis.