Microbiology Chapters 14, 15, 16-bideshi(Virology)

Explanation
The correct answer is 8-10 times a year. Herpes simplex virus Type II can cause recurrent outbreaks, with an average of 8-10 episodes per year. These outbreaks are characterized by the presence of genital herpes sores and blisters, as well as symptoms such as genital itching and throbbing. The virus can also lead to complications such as encephalitis, neonatal herpes, and certain cancers, particularly cervical cancers. The virus can remain latent in nerve cells and may periodically reactivate, leading to recurrent episodes.

Explanation
Coronaviridae is the correct answer because SARS is caused by a coronavirus. Coronaviruses are a family of viruses that can cause respiratory illnesses in humans and animals. SARS is known to spread through close person to person contact, as well as through contact with infected objects. The statement about bats being the natural host is unrelated to the question and does not provide an explanation for the correct answer.

Explanation
Chickenpox is the correct answer because it is a disease caused by the varicella-zoster virus (VZV), which is transmitted by skin contact and respiratory droplets. While shingles, pneumonia, and herpes are also caused by the same virus, chickenpox is no longer prevalent in the United States due to the introduction of a vaccine.

Explanation
Human Herpesvirus 6

Explanation
Human Herpesvirus 6 is a virus that can cause a condition called roseola infantum. This condition is characterized by a high fever followed by a red rash. Therefore, the statement that Human Herpesvirus 6 causes roseola infantum, with the symptoms of high fever and subsequent red rash, is true.

Explanation
The correct answer is sexually transmitted HPV's. This answer is supported by the statement in the question that Types 6, 11, 16, and 18 are the most important strains that are high risk and sexually transmitted. This suggests that these specific strains of HPV are transmitted through sexual activity and pose a higher risk compared to other strains.

Explanation
Second leading cause
75%of us women

Explanation
HPV, or human papillomavirus, is indeed the number one sexually transmitted disease in the US. It is a common virus that can be transmitted through sexual contact and can cause various health issues, including genital warts and certain types of cancer. The high prevalence of HPV infections and its potential serious consequences make it the most common sexually transmitted disease in the country.

Explanation
Oncogenes

Explanation
The statement is true because E6, a viral protein, interacts with p53, a tumor suppressor protein, in the host cell. This interaction leads to the degradation of p53 through the ubiquitin-dependent pathway.

Explanation
The statement is true because E7 complexes with retinoblastoma protein (Rb), which leads to the inactivation of Rb. This interaction between E7 and Rb prevents Rb from carrying out its normal function, which is to regulate the cell cycle and inhibit cell proliferation. As a result, the inactivation of Rb by E7 can contribute to uncontrolled cell growth and the development of conditions such as cancer.