Mic 541 Exam 4 Actinomycetes And Misc Pathogens
MIC 541 Exam 4 Actinomycetes and Misc Pathogens
Questions and Answers
- 1.
WHich of the following is not one of the infections discussed in class that is falls under the actinomycetes genera?
- A.
Dental plaque
- B.
Nocardiosis
- C.
Vaginosis
- D.
Actinomycosis
Correct Answer
C. VaginosisExplanation
Vaginosis is not one of the infections discussed in class that falls under the actinomycetes genera. The other three options, dental plaque, nocardiosis, and actinomycosis, are all infections caused by bacteria belonging to the actinomycetes genera.Rate this question:
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- 2.
Actinomycetes have characteristics of
- A.
Fungi
- B.
Bacteria
- C.
Viruses
Correct Answer(s)
A. Fungi
B. BacteriaExplanation
Actinomycetes have characteristics of both fungi and bacteria. They are prokaryotic microorganisms like bacteria, but they also share similarities with fungi in terms of their filamentous growth pattern and ability to produce spores. Actinomycetes are known for their role in decomposition and nutrient cycling in the environment, as well as their ability to produce antibiotics. Therefore, the correct answer is fungi and bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 3.
Actinomycetes form branches or filaments called
- A.
Pili
- B.
Hyphae
- C.
Glycocalyx
Correct Answer
B. HyphaeExplanation
Actinomycetes are a group of bacteria that are characterized by their filamentous growth pattern. They form long, branching filaments called hyphae. These hyphae allow actinomycetes to penetrate and colonize various substrates. Unlike pili, which are short, hair-like appendages used for attachment and conjugation in other bacteria, actinomycetes rely on their hyphae for growth, nutrient uptake, and the production of secondary metabolites. The glycocalyx, on the other hand, is a gel-like layer of polysaccharides that surrounds some bacteria, providing protection and aiding in attachment to surfaces.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The clinical manifestations of infection are similar to those of a bacterial infection
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
are like FUNGAL infectionRate this question:
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- 5.
Actinomycetes are susceptible to penicillin like bacterias
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Actinomycetes are susceptible to penicillin-like bacteria because penicillin is an antibiotic that is effective against a wide range of bacteria, including actinomycetes. Actinomycetes are a group of bacteria that are commonly found in soil and are known for producing antibiotics themselves. However, they can still be susceptible to penicillin and other antibiotics, which can inhibit their growth and kill them. Therefore, it is true that actinomycetes are susceptible to penicillin-like bacteria.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Actinomycetes are a form of fungi like bacteria
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Actinomycetes are not actually fungi, but they are often mistaken for fungi due to their filamentous growth pattern and ability to form spores. However, they are actually a group of bacteria that share some characteristics with fungi. Actinomycetes are known for producing a wide range of bioactive compounds, including antibiotics such as streptomycin and tetracycline. They play important roles in various ecological processes and have significant applications in medicine and agriculture.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Which of the following are not true regarding actinomycetes?
- A.
Sometimes called thread bacteria
- B.
In composting they give off an earthy smell
- C.
Are primary decomposers of woody stems, newspapers and bark
- D.
Are very common in the soil
- E.
Actinomyces is the most numerous of all actinomycetes
Correct Answer
E. Actinomyces is the most numerous of all actinomycetesExplanation
Streptomyces is the most numerous of all actinomycetesRate this question:
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- 8.
Actinomycosis is mainly caused by
- A.
Actinomyces asteroides
- B.
Nocardia asteroides
- C.
Actinomyces israelii
- D.
Actinomyces viscosus
Correct Answer
C. Actinomyces israeliiExplanation
Actinomycosis is mainly caused by Actinomyces israelii. Actinomyces species are gram-positive bacteria that are part of the normal flora in the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and female genital tract. Actinomyces israelii is the most common species associated with actinomycosis, a chronic bacterial infection that can affect various body parts, including the mouth, lungs, abdomen, and pelvis. It typically presents as abscesses or granulomatous lesions, and can be triggered by trauma, surgery, or poor oral hygiene. Treatment usually involves long-term antibiotic therapy, often with surgical drainage or debridement.Rate this question:
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- 9.
What is the most common type of actinomycosis?
- A.
Thoracic
- B.
Abdominal
- C.
Cervicofacial
- D.
Genital
Correct Answer
C. CervicofacialExplanation
Cervicofacial actinomycosis is the most common type of actinomycosis. This condition is characterized by the formation of abscesses and draining sinuses in the head and neck region. It is usually caused by the bacteria Actinomyces israelii, which is commonly found in the oral cavity. Cervicofacial actinomycosis can occur as a result of dental infections, poor oral hygiene, or trauma to the face. Treatment typically involves a prolonged course of antibiotics, along with surgical drainage of any abscesses present.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Which type of actinomycosis is caused by aspiration into lung and is an extension of cervicofacial form?
- A.
Lower jaw
- B.
Thoracic
- C.
Genital
- D.
Abdominal
Correct Answer
B. ThoracicExplanation
Thoracic actinomycosis is caused by the aspiration of actinomyces bacteria into the lungs, which then leads to an extension of the infection from the cervicofacial area. This type of actinomycosis typically affects the thoracic region, causing symptoms such as chest pain, cough, and difficulty breathing. It is important to note that actinomycosis can also affect other parts of the body, such as the lower jaw, genital area, and abdomen, but in this case, the correct answer is thoracic.Rate this question:
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- 11.
Genital actinomycosis can be linked to intrauterine devices
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Genital actinomycosis is a rare infection that can occur in women who use intrauterine devices (IUDs) for contraception. Actinomyces bacteria can colonize the vagina and ascend into the uterus, leading to infection. This condition can cause symptoms such as pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, and fever. Treatment usually involves antibiotics and removal of the IUD. Therefore, the statement "Genital actinomycosis can be linked to intrauterine devices" is true.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Which of the following is/are not used in the diagnosis of actinomycosis?
- A.
Examine pus for white or yellow granules
- B.
Immunofluorescence
- C.
Look for G-
- D.
Filamentous
Correct Answer
C. Look for G-Explanation
look for G+Rate this question:
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- 13.
Surgical debridement of damaged tissue is a prerequisite to antibiotic therapy for actinomycosis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Surgical debridement of damaged tissue is necessary before starting antibiotic therapy for actinomycosis because it helps remove the infected and dead tissue, allowing the antibiotics to effectively reach and treat the remaining infection. Actinomycosis is a bacterial infection that can cause tissue damage, and surgical debridement helps to remove the source of the infection and promote healing. Antibiotics alone may not be sufficient in treating actinomycosis without surgical debridement. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Which of the following is/are used in the treatment of actinomycosis?
- A.
Surgical debridement
- B.
Tetracycline
- C.
Penicillin G
- D.
Sulfamethoxazole
- E.
Trimethoprim
Correct Answer(s)
A. Surgical debridement
B. Tetracycline
D. Sulfamethoxazole
E. TrimethoprimExplanation
Actinomycosis is a bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species. The treatment of actinomycosis usually involves a combination of antibiotics and surgical debridement. Surgical debridement is necessary to remove any abscesses or infected tissue. Tetracycline is an antibiotic that is effective against Actinomyces, and it is commonly used in the treatment of actinomycosis. Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim are also antibiotics that can be used to treat this infection. Therefore, surgical debridement, tetracycline, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim are all used in the treatment of actinomycosis.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Which of the following is the treatment of choice for actinomycosis?
- A.
Penicillin G
- B.
Sulfamethoxazole
- C.
Trimethoprim
- D.
Tetracycline
Correct Answer
A. Penicillin GExplanation
Penicillin G for 3-4 weeks = treatment of choice.... although, trimethoprim and sulfamethoxazole results in a more rapid cureRate this question:
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- 16.
Nocardiosis is caused by which of the following?
- A.
Actinomyces nocardia
- B.
Nocardia asteroides
- C.
Actinomyces asteroides
- D.
Nocardia actinomyces
Correct Answer
B. Nocardia asteroidesExplanation
Nocardiosis is caused by Nocardia asteroides. Nocardia asteroides is a species of bacteria that can cause a rare but serious infection called nocardiosis. This infection typically affects the lungs, but it can also spread to other parts of the body such as the brain, skin, and bones. Nocardia asteroides is commonly found in soil and can enter the body through inhalation or through open wounds. It is important to promptly diagnose and treat nocardiosis as it can be life-threatening, especially in individuals with weakened immune systems.Rate this question:
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- 17.
The main risk factors for nocardiosis are a weakened immune system or chronic lung disease
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
A weakened immune system or chronic lung disease are indeed the main risk factors for nocardiosis. Nocardiosis is a rare bacterial infection that primarily affects the lungs but can also spread to other parts of the body. People with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or undergoing organ transplantation, are more susceptible to nocardiosis. Additionally, individuals with chronic lung diseases like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or bronchiectasis are at higher risk. Therefore, the statement is true.Rate this question:
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- 18.
Individuals with normal immune systems cannot acquire nocardiosis
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
individuals with normal immune systems can acquire this infection, the main risk factors for nocardiosis are a weakened immune system or chronic lung diseaseRate this question:
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- 19.
Which of the following is/are risk factors for nocardiosis?
- A.
Chronic steroid therapy
- B.
Cancer
- C.
Influenza
- D.
Organ transplant
- E.
Bone marrow transplant
- F.
HIV/AIDS
Correct Answer(s)
A. Chronic steroid therapy
B. Cancer
D. Organ transplant
E. Bone marrow transplant
F. HIV/AIDSExplanation
Nocardiosis is a rare but serious bacterial infection caused by Nocardia species. The risk factors for nocardiosis include chronic steroid therapy, cancer, organ transplant, bone marrow transplant, and HIV/AIDS. Chronic steroid therapy weakens the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infections. Cancer and organ transplant patients often receive immunosuppressive medications, which also increase the risk of nocardiosis. Similarly, bone marrow transplant recipients have weakened immune systems. Lastly, individuals with HIV/AIDS have compromised immune systems, making them more vulnerable to infections such as nocardiosis.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Nocardiosis has a low mortality rate.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
HIGH mortality rate... Early diagnosis important; poor recovery after systemic infectionRate this question:
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- 21.
Which of the following are appropriate treatments for nocardiosis?
- A.
Cotrimazole
- B.
Surgical debridement
- C.
Penicillin G
- D.
Sulfadiazine
Correct Answer(s)
A. Cotrimazole
B. Surgical debridement
D. SulfadiazineExplanation
The appropriate treatments for nocardiosis include cotrimazole, surgical debridement, and sulfadiazine. Cotrimazole is an antifungal medication that can be effective in treating nocardiosis. Surgical debridement involves removing infected tissue to prevent the spread of the infection. Sulfadiazine is an antibiotic that is commonly used to treat nocardiosis. Penicillin G, however, is not an appropriate treatment for nocardiosis.Rate this question:
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- 22.
Whiich of the following is not true in regards to nocardiosis?
- A.
Relapse can occur
- B.
Respiratory infections never require more than a few weeks of treatment
- C.
Poor recovery after systemic infection
- D.
Early diagnosis is important
Correct Answer
B. Respiratory infections never require more than a few weeks of treatmentExplanation
respiratory infections may require several months (even up to 8 months)Rate this question:
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- 23.
As sinus tracts extend to deep muscle and bone, nocardiosis can develop into ________.
- A.
Periodontitis
- B.
Actinomycititis
- C.
Actinomycetoma
Correct Answer
C. ActinomycetomaExplanation
Nocardiosis is a bacterial infection caused by the bacteria Nocardia. Sinus tracts are abnormal passageways that can form due to chronic infection. When these sinus tracts extend to deep muscle and bone, it can lead to a condition called actinomycetoma. Actinomycetoma is a chronic and progressive infection characterized by the formation of abscesses and draining sinuses. Therefore, in the given scenario, the correct answer is actinomycetoma as it is the most likely outcome when sinus tracts extend to deep muscle and bone in nocardiosis.Rate this question:
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- 24.
Which of the following are true regarding nocardiosis?
- A.
Gram positive
- B.
Acid-fast organisms
- C.
Take 7-10 days to grow on medium
- D.
Microscopic appearance includes granules and filaments
- E.
All of the above are true
Correct Answer
E. All of the above are trueExplanation
rare to be both acid-fast and gram positiveRate this question:
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- 25.
Actinomyces viscosus attach to enamel surface via....
- A.
Pili
- B.
Extracellular polysaccharides
- C.
Fimbrae
- D.
Sugars on the teeth
Correct Answer(s)
A. Pili
B. Extracellular polysaccharidesExplanation
Actinomyces viscosus attach to the enamel surface via pili and extracellular polysaccharides. Pili are hair-like structures that help bacteria adhere to surfaces, while extracellular polysaccharides are substances secreted by bacteria that also aid in attachment. These mechanisms allow Actinomyces viscosus to firmly adhere to the enamel surface, facilitating its colonization and potential for causing dental infections.Rate this question:
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- 26.
If plaque is not removed actinomyces viscous can lead toinflammation of the gums called gingivitis.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
If plaque is not removed, it can lead to the formation of actinomyces viscous, which can cause inflammation of the gums known as gingivitis. Plaque is a sticky film that forms on teeth and contains bacteria. When plaque is not removed through proper oral hygiene practices such as brushing and flossing, the bacteria in plaque can multiply and cause irritation and inflammation of the gums. Actinomyces viscous is a type of bacteria that is commonly found in dental plaque and can contribute to the development of gingivitis. Therefore, the statement that plaque not being removed can lead to gingivitis is true.Rate this question:
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- 27.
If left untreated, gingivitis can lead to periodontitis
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
If left untreated, gingivitis can lead to periodontitis. Gingivitis is an early stage of gum disease characterized by inflammation and bleeding of the gums. If not addressed, the infection can spread to the surrounding tissues and bone, leading to periodontitis. Periodontitis is a more severe form of gum disease that can cause tooth loss and damage to the supporting structures of the teeth. Therefore, it is important to treat gingivitis early to prevent it from progressing to periodontitis.Rate this question:
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- 28.
Which of the following is/are infections caused by Bartonella sp.
- A.
Oroya fever
- B.
Sinusitis
- C.
Trench fever
- D.
Cat scratch disease
- E.
Endocarditis
Correct Answer(s)
A. Oroya fever
C. Trench fever
D. Cat scratch disease
E. EndocarditisExplanation
Oroya fever, Trench fever, Cat scratch disease, and endocarditis are all infections caused by Bartonella sp. Oroya fever is a severe illness characterized by fever, anemia, and skin lesions. Trench fever is a recurrent fever caused by Bartonella quintana and is often associated with poor living conditions. Cat scratch disease is a bacterial infection transmitted to humans through scratches or bites from infected cats. Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, which can be caused by various bacteria including Bartonella sp.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Select any of the following that describe Bartonella sp.
- A.
Short, gram-negative bacilli
- B.
Anaerobic
- C.
Has animal reservoirs
- D.
Has insect vectors
Correct Answer(s)
A. Short, gram-negative bacilli
C. Has animal reservoirs
D. Has insect vectorsExplanation
AEROBICRate this question:
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- 30.
Which Bartonella species causes Oroya fever?
- A.
B. bacilliformis
- B.
B. quintana
- C.
B. henselae
- D.
B. elizabethae
Correct Answer
A. B. bacilliformisExplanation
Bartonella bacilliformis is the species that causes Oroya fever. This bacterial infection is transmitted by sandflies and primarily affects individuals in the Andean region of South America. Oroya fever is characterized by symptoms such as fever, anemia, and skin lesions. B. bacilliformis is the only species among the options listed that is known to cause this specific type of fever.Rate this question:
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- 31.
Which Bartonella species causes Trench fever?
- A.
B. bacilliformis
- B.
B. quintana
- C.
B. henselae
- D.
B. elizabethae
Correct Answer
B. B. quintanaExplanation
Bartonella quintana is the species that causes Trench fever. Trench fever is a bacterial infection transmitted by body lice and is characterized by recurrent fever, headache, and muscle pain. B. quintana is the primary causative agent of this disease, making it the correct answer. B. bacilliformis causes Carrion's disease, B. henselae causes Cat-scratch disease, and B. elizabethae causes endocarditis.Rate this question:
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- 32.
Which Bartonella species causes cat scratch disease?
- A.
B. bacilliformis
- B.
B. quintana
- C.
B. henselae
- D.
B. elizabethae
Correct Answer
C. B. henselaeExplanation
Bartonella henselae is the species that causes cat scratch disease. This disease is typically transmitted to humans through scratches or bites from infected cats. It can cause symptoms such as fever, swollen lymph nodes, and a rash at the site of the scratch or bite. B. henselae is specifically associated with cat scratch disease, making it the correct answer in this case.Rate this question:
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- 33.
Which Bartonella species causes endocarditis?
- A.
B. bacilliformis
- B.
B. quintana
- C.
B. henselae
- D.
B. elizabethae
Correct Answer
D. B. elizabethaeExplanation
B. elizabethae is the correct answer because it is known to cause endocarditis. Bartonella species are gram-negative bacteria that can cause various infections in humans, including endocarditis, which is an infection of the inner lining of the heart. While other Bartonella species may cause different types of infections, B. elizabethae specifically is associated with endocarditis.Rate this question:
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- 34.
Bartonella bacilliformis can adhere to a RBC and form deep pits in the cell.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Bartonella bacilliformis is a bacterium that can adhere to red blood cells (RBCs) and create deep pits within the cell. This ability allows the bacterium to invade and survive within the RBCs, causing the disease known as bartonellosis. Therefore, the statement "Bartonella bacilliformis can adhere to a RBC and form deep pits in the cell" is true.Rate this question:
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- 35.
Oroya fever is characterized by
- A.
Severe anemia
- B.
Myalgia
- C.
Arthralgia
- D.
Headaches
Correct Answer(s)
A. Severe anemia
B. Myalgia
C. Arthralgia
D. HeadachesExplanation
Oroya fever is a disease that is characterized by several symptoms including severe anemia, myalgia, arthralgia, and headaches. Severe anemia refers to a significant decrease in the number of red blood cells, leading to fatigue, weakness, and shortness of breath. Myalgia refers to muscle pain, which can be experienced as aching or cramping sensations. Arthralgia refers to joint pain, which can cause discomfort and limited mobility. Headaches are a common symptom of many illnesses and can be a result of the body's response to infection or inflammation. Therefore, all of these symptoms together help in identifying Oroya fever.Rate this question:
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- 36.
The sandfly is the vector for B. bacilliformis
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
sandfly vector (Peru, Ecuador, ColombiaRate this question:
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- 37.
What is the vector for trench fever?
- A.
Sandfly
- B.
Human body louse
- C.
Dog louse
- D.
Cat fleas
Correct Answer
B. Human body louseExplanation
human body louse vector louse feces into bite woundRate this question:
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- 38.
B. quintana causes a local infection.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
B. quintana (trench fever) is a systemic infection characterized by headache, fever, weakness, and pain in long bonesRate this question:
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- 39.
Which of the following is/are not characteristic of trench fever?
- A.
Headache
- B.
3 day fever
- C.
Weakness
- D.
Myalgia
- E.
Pain in long bones
Correct Answer(s)
B. 3 day fever
D. MyalgiaExplanation
NO myalgia... and the fever lasts FIVE days (thus the quint in the name B. quintana - at least I'm guessing that's why it's there) :)Rate this question:
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- 40.
Which two infections can be caused by B. quintana?
- A.
Oroya Fever
- B.
Trench Fever
- C.
Bacillary angiomatosis
- D.
Cat scratch disease
Correct Answer(s)
B. Trench Fever
C. Bacillary angiomatosisExplanation
B. quintana can cause Trench Fever and bacillary angiomatosis. Trench Fever is a bacterial infection transmitted by body lice and is characterized by recurrent fevers, severe headaches, and muscle pain. Bacillary angiomatosis is a rare bacterial infection that affects the skin and other organs, causing the formation of blood vessel-like structures. Both of these infections can be caused by B. quintana.Rate this question:
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- 41.
Bacillary angiomatosis is usually seen in transplant patients and those that are HIV+ ... and is a vascular proliferative disorder of the skin and visceral organs
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Bacillary angiomatosis is a vascular proliferative disorder that is commonly observed in transplant patients and individuals who are HIV positive. This condition affects both the skin and visceral organs, causing the formation of lesions and nodules. Therefore, the statement "Bacillary angiomatosis is usually seen in transplant patients and those that are HIV+" is true.Rate this question:
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- 42.
Cat scratch disease caused by B. henselae is often treated with penicillin G.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
antibiotics = none availableRate this question:
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- 43.
Cat scratch disease (B. henselae) is caused by
- A.
Cat scratches
- B.
Cat bites
- C.
Cat fleas
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
Cat scratch disease (B. henselae) is caused by all of the above factors: cat scratches, cat bites, and cat fleas. The bacteria Bartonella henselae is commonly found in cats and can be transmitted to humans through these means. Cat scratches and bites can introduce the bacteria into the human body, while cat fleas can carry the bacteria and transmit it when they bite humans. Therefore, all three factors can contribute to the transmission of cat scratch disease.Rate this question:
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- 44.
Which of the following are slow growing, slender gram-negative bacilli that are part of normal oral flora of humans and animals
- A.
Eikenella spp
- B.
Capnocytophaga spp
- C.
Cardiobacterium spp
Correct Answer
B. Capnocytophaga sppExplanation
Capnocytophaga spp are slow growing, slender gram-negative bacilli that are part of the normal oral flora of humans and animals. They are commonly found in the mouth and respiratory tract. Eikenella spp and Cardiobacterium spp are also gram-negative bacilli, but they are not typically associated with the oral flora. Therefore, the correct answer is Capnocytophaga spp.Rate this question:
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- 45.
Which of teh following is/are possible infections of Capnocytophaga?
- A.
Periodontal disease
- B.
Brain abcess
- C.
Bacteremia
- D.
Endocarditis
Correct Answer(s)
A. Periodontal disease
C. Bacteremia
D. EndocarditisExplanation
Capnocytophaga can cause various infections, including periodontal disease, bacteremia, and endocarditis. Periodontal disease refers to the inflammation and infection of the gums and surrounding tissues. Bacteremia is the presence of bacteria in the bloodstream, which can lead to systemic infections. Endocarditis is the inflammation of the inner lining of the heart, usually caused by bacterial infection. Therefore, all three options mentioned in the answer are possible infections caused by Capnocytophaga.Rate this question:
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- 46.
Eikenella spp are slow growing, fastidious organisms that “corrode” the agar
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. TrueExplanation
Eikenella spp are slow-growing, fastidious organisms that "corrode" the agar. This means that they have the ability to break down or degrade the agar medium in which they are cultured. This characteristic is true for Eikenella spp, making the statement "True" the correct answer.Rate this question:
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- 47.
What is most frequently isolated in human bite wounds/fistfight injuries:
- A.
C. granulomatis
- B.
C. sputigena
- C.
E. corrodens
Correct Answer
C. E. corrodensExplanation
Eikenella corrodens is the most frequently isolated bacteria in human bite wounds and fistfight injuries. It is a gram-negative anaerobic bacterium commonly found in the oral cavity. It is capable of causing infections in the deep tissues, joints, and bones, especially in cases of human bites where it is introduced into the wound. E. corrodens produces corrosive enzymes that can damage tissues and contribute to the development of abscesses. Prompt treatment with appropriate antibiotics is necessary to prevent complications associated with E. corrodens infections.Rate this question:
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- 48.
E. corrodens can lead to
- A.
Sinusitis
- B.
Brain abscess
- C.
Pneumonia
- D.
Endocarditis
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
E. corrodens is a bacterium that can cause various infections in the body. Sinusitis refers to the inflammation of the sinuses, which can be caused by E. corrodens. Brain abscess is a serious infection in the brain, and E. corrodens is one of the potential causative agents. Pneumonia is an infection in the lungs, and E. corrodens can be responsible for this condition as well. Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart, and E. corrodens is one of the bacteria that can cause it. Therefore, E. corrodens can lead to all of the mentioned conditions.Rate this question:
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- 49.
Which of the following belong to Capnocytophaga?
- A.
C. perferinges
- B.
C. ochracea
- C.
C. sputigena
- D.
C. gingivalis.
Correct Answer(s)
B. C. ochracea
C. C. sputigena
D. C. gingivalis.Explanation
The correct answer is C. ochracea, C. sputigena, C. gingivalis. Capnocytophaga is a genus of Gram-negative bacteria that are commonly found in the oral cavity of humans and animals. C. ochracea, C. sputigena, and C. gingivalis are all species within this genus. They are known to be opportunistic pathogens and can cause infections in individuals with weakened immune systems.Rate this question:
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- 50.
Capnocytophaga colonize human periodontal pocketsand are probably the major pathogens for periodontal tissue destruction.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Capnocytophaga colonize human periodontal pockets. They are probably NOT the major pathogens for periodontal tissue destruction, but may be associated with gingivitis.Rate this question:
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