Med Oradea - Anatomy II - Digestive System - Esophagus
Med Oradea - Anatomy II - Digestive System - Esophagus
- 1.
The esophagus:
- A.
Is situated between the pharynx and the stomach
- B.
The tracheal part is above the thoracic part
- C.
Has a lumbar part
- D.
Is 5-6cm long
Correct Answer
A. Is situated between the pharynx and the stomachExplanation
The tracheal part doesn't exist, but there is a cervical part, which is 5-6cm long.
Lumbar part is made up (there is an abdominal part)Rate this question:
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- 2.
Cervical esophagus
- A.
Is 5-6cm long
- B.
Is delimited by the lower end of the pharynx / cricoid cartilage and manubrium
- C.
Is slightly inclined to the right
- D.
Receives vascularization from branches from the thyroidean artery and vein
- E.
Lymph drains to apical nodes
Correct Answer(s)
A. Is 5-6cm long
B. Is delimited by the lower end of the pharynx / cricoid cartilage and manubrium
D. Receives vascularization from branches from the thyroidean artery and veinExplanation
The cervical esophagus is actually inclined a little to the left. Lymph goes to the cervical nodesRate this question:
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- 3.
Regarding some relationships:
- A.
The thyroidean artery is behind the cervical esophagus
- B.
The left recurrent laryngeal nerve contacts the prevertebral fascia
- C.
The cervical esophagus is in front of the trachea
- D.
Behind the cervical esophagus is the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
- E.
The left lobe of the thyroid is in front of the cervical esophagus
Correct Answer
E. The left lobe of the thyroid is in front of the cervical esophagusExplanation
Since these questions basically concern what is in front/behind of the cervical esophagus:
In front: Trachea, thyroidean artery and vein, left recurrent laryngean nerve, and left lobe of thyroid
Behind: cervical column and the prevertebral muscles & fascia
Just remember the esophagus is pretty far posterior! If you get confused, think about the aortic arch- the esophagus has to go all the way to the stomach, so if it were in front of the trachea it would pass in front of the lungs and contact the arch, which you know doesn't happen.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The esophagus:
- A.
Has relations laterally with the vagus nerves, common carotid artery, and internal jugular vein
- B.
The cervical part is covered by the trachea on the right side
- C.
Is innervated by thoracic splanchnic nerves
- D.
Receives innervation from the vagus nerve
- E.
Receives innervation from cervical sympathetic trunk fibers
Correct Answer(s)
A. Has relations laterally with the vagus nerves, common carotid artery, and internal jugular vein
B. The cervical part is covered by the trachea on the right side
C. Is innervated by thoracic splanchnic nerves
D. Receives innervation from the vagus nerve
E. Receives innervation from cervical sympathetic trunk fibersExplanation
The thoracic splanchnic nerves supply the celiac ganglion, the source of sympathetic innervation to the esophagus. Remember that the thoracic splanchic nerves are unusual because they are sympathetics but do not synapse in the paravertebral ganglia. In the case of esophageal innervation, they synapse in the celiac ganglion. The vagus contributes fibers to this ganglion but doesn't synapse in it - it synapses in the walls of the esophagus.
Also remember that the thoracic splanchnics (being sympathetics) come from the sympathetic trunkRate this question:
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- 5.
The thoracic esophagus
- A.
Is limited in the upper part by the manubrium
- B.
Is limited in the lower part by the esophageal plexus
- C.
Passes behind the aortic arch and descends along the trachea
- D.
Presents several narrowings, including at: the 'mouth' of esophagus, the aortic arch, the right bronchus, the cardia (of stomach), and the diaphragm (sometimes)
Correct Answer(s)
A. Is limited in the upper part by the manubrium
C. Passes behind the aortic arch and descends along the tracheaExplanation
The lower limit of the thoracic esophagus is the diaphragm. This is easy to remember in relationship to the vagus nerves - remember the left vagus becomes the anterior vagal trunk, and the right vagus the posterior vagal trunk - these pass through the diaphragm at the esophageal hiatus.
As for option D, it's correct, except the esophagus curves to the left - so it wouldn't narrow at the right bronchus (but it does narrow at the left one)Rate this question:
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- 6.
The thoracic esophagus:
- A.
Has relations with the trachea to the right
- B.
Has relations in front with the left and right bronchus and pericardial membrane
- C.
Has 4 coats: epithelial, muscular (external), submucous, and mucous
- D.
The azygos vein is lateral
Correct Answer
A. Has relations with the trachea to the rightExplanation
Again, the esophagus curves to the left, so it doesn't interact with the right bronchus. It isn't that wide!
The esophagus actually just has 3 coats- muscular, submucous, and mucous
The azygos vein is behind.Rate this question:
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- 7.
Concerning some relationships:
- A.
The thoracic duct passes behind the thoracic esophagus
- B.
The aortic arch is to the right of the esophagus
- C.
The esophagus is to the right of the left subclavian artery
- D.
The subclavian artery has relations with the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
- E.
The descending aorta is lateral to the esophagus
Correct Answer(s)
A. The thoracic duct passes behind the thoracic esophagus
C. The esophagus is to the right of the left subclavian artery
D. The subclavian artery has relations with the left recurrent laryngeal nerve
E. The descending aorta is lateral to the esophagusExplanation
Option B is a little tricky- the ascending aorta is actually in front of the trachea (and in front of the esophagus). But the arch is slightly lateral, or rather antero-lateral. The descending aorta is lateral to the thoracic esophagus.
Option D is definitely true - the left recurrent laryngeal branches downward from the left vagus, passes over the root of the left subclavian artery and then loops around and behind the aortic arch as it passes upwards again (recurrent). Don't forget this relationship!Rate this question:
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- 8.
Regarding the thoracic esophagus:
- A.
It receives blood from the phrenic and thyroidean arteries
- B.
Drainage is from a venous plexus
- C.
Venous drainage is to the inferior vena cava (upper part) and hepatic portal vein (lower part)
- D.
The azygos vein sometimes anastomoses thyroidean vein before draining to the inferior vena cava
Correct Answer(s)
A. It receives blood from the phrenic and thyroidean arteries
B. Drainage is from a venous plexusExplanation
D is just totally wrong. Option C is wrong too because the azygos vein drains the upper part. The hepatic portal vein drains the lower part, as described.
Don't forget about option A - thyroidean arteries give off esophageal branches, and the left phrenic gives off a branch that supplies a small portion of the esophagus at the esophageal hiatus of the diaphragm.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The abdominal esophagus:
- A.
Is limited by the diaphragm and fundus
- B.
On the right side is followed by the lesser curvature
- C.
Forms an angle with the greater curvature of the somach on the left.
- D.
Has relationships with the right vagus nerve (behind) and the liver (in front)
Correct Answer(s)
B. On the right side is followed by the lesser curvature
C. Forms an angle with the greater curvature of the somach on the left.
D. Has relationships with the right vagus nerve (behind) and the liver (in front)Explanation
The abdominal esophagus is limited by the diaphragm and cardia of the stomach. It joins the stomach pretty far to the left - so the lesser curvature mainly follows on the right.Rate this question:
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- 10.
The abdominal esophagus:
- A.
Receives innervation from the vagus nerve
- B.
Blood comes from the right gastric artery via the esophago-cardio-gastric artery
- C.
Veins drain to the gastric vein
- D.
Lymph goes to gastric nodes
Correct Answer(s)
A. Receives innervation from the vagus nerve
C. Veins drain to the gastric vein
D. Lymph goes to gastric nodesExplanation
Actually the esophago-cardio-gastric artery comes from the left gastric artery. Think about how far to the left the esophagus is in relationship to the stomach.Rate this question:
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- 11.
The esophagus receives blood from:
- A.
Esophageal arteries
- B.
Esophageal branches from the thoracic splanchnic artery
- C.
Esophageal branches from the aorta
- D.
Esophageal branches from the thyroidean artery
Correct Answer(s)
A. Esophageal arteries
C. Esophageal branches from the aorta
D. Esophageal branches from the thyroidean arteryExplanation
There's no such thing as a thoracic splanchnic artery. Option A is correct - actually esophageal arteries are branches of: thoracic aorta, inferior thyroid, and left gastric, but it's nevertheless true.Rate this question:
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Mar 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Jun 01, 2011Quiz Created by
Medoradea
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