Kc-10a Instructor Methodology

That answers the questions what, how and why of each lesson taking into account the lesson objectives and samples of behavior.

Focusing on course changes due to new education ideas with the ultimate goal of expanding a course using new technology.

For determining facts, writing the framework for the lesson, writing the lesson plan and finally teaching the lesson under a changing environment.

Function are active throughout all phases of the ISD process to lend support and to ensure the entire system operates as designed.

Each phase is used to guide the next function in the ISD process. A function cannot be accomplished unless it occurs in a particular phase.

Function are there to guide the development process while phases only occur when the task is required.

Managment is focused on making leadership decisions; administration is focused on record keeping; support is concerned with repairing parts of the system; delivery is tasked with

Analysis is focused on what leadership wants in the course, while administration is focused on record keeping. The third function, evaluation, is focused on acquiring feedback. Finally, the fourth function, implementation is focused on teaching the lessons.

Management is focused on making leadership decisions; administration is focused on record keeping; support is concerned with repairing parts to the system; and delivery is tasked with presenting the lessons.

Construct and/or manage instructional systems.

Manage data to assess the effectiveness of education.

Provide a checklist for a logical framework for continuous improvement of a school.

Evaluation is designed to collect information, consolidate data and use it to improve activities and products during system development.

Without evaluation throughout the phases and functions, the instructional developers might not achieve their desired results.

Evaluation determines the system effectiveness by correcting deficiencies prior to the implementation phase.

Reconsider her actions and consider all the Air Force ISD functions. Distributing the functions to the respective people responsible will ensure that the functions are operations when the training system is fielded.

Assign the evaluation function because it should be integrated throughout each activity of the ISD process. One of the main goals of the evaluation function is to ensure total quality in both process and products.

Consider the management function. Someone has to direct and control the process. NExt, she should consider the needs of the customer. The evaluation function is vital when considering improving the process and procedure.

Systematically, functions exist to guide the development process. while phases only occur when the task is needed.

A systematic process ensures each phase is used to guide the next function in the Instructional System (ISD) process. A function cannot be accomplished unless it occurs in a particular phase.

A systematic process ensures all aspects of each instructional System Development (ISD) phase are completed before moving onto the next one. Each phase depends on the quality of the products from earlier phases.

The hub of the ISD model is writing test items in the analysis phase. Without test questions, instructors would not know if students met the objective.

The central focus of the model is evaluation. It occurs in all elements of the model with the goal of measuring effectiveness and efficiency.

Evaluation allows us to collect facts about the students and the resources which aid in the design and development of the curriculum.

Evaluation allows us to collect facts about the students and the resources which aid in the design and development of the curriculum.

The hub of the ISD model is writing test items in the analysis phase. Without test questions, instructors would not know if students met the objective.

The central focus of the model is evaluation. It occurs in all elements of the model with the goal of measuring effectiveness and efficiency.

A mature student who knows what information he or she needs to know, and wants to learn it to become more productive.

A serious student who wants to learn hard facts and problem-solving techniques to overcome a lack of first-hand experience.

An adult student who honestly wants to understand why things work as they do so he or she can better comprehend the world.

Has already established a self-identity through past accomplishments and willingly seeks learning experiences that will provide answers to current personal issues.

Knows where he wants to go, knows what information is needed to augment existing knowledge and wants to learn in order to become a well-rounded person.

Has a well-developed sense of who he is and is already familiar with life in general and willingly follows advice from a mentor on important career decisions.

Has already learned some information that can be related to the topic, is taking the class because he or she wants to, and intends to use the lessons to solve on-the-job issues.

Knows the general areas of information he or she needs to learn, is particularly interested in learning the related theories, and wants to be able to apply those theories to his or her job.

Wants feedback from the instructor that the student is learning the material adequately, and intends to add the lessons to their existing experience to resolve problems at work.

A1C Rutherford knows what he needs to learn to become fully qualified as an air traffic controller.

MSgt Steele is taking her boss's suggestion to take off-duty classes related to her new job as NCOIC.

Capt Goble searches the internet looking for information to become even more competent at her job.

Mr. Klima wants to be good at his job. Although he has already attended all of the routine training, he often encounters problems in his job that weren't addressed in the training.

Capt Bengoa chose to take night classes at a local college. Although she already has a college degree, the classes will make her more proficient in her two favorite hobbies.

SSgt Luesse knows he needs to pursue classes his supervisor suggested for him. He hopes the classes will prepare him to deal with things he encounters in his contracting job.

As the time for her retirement neared, SMSgt Kretschmer took off-duty classes recommended by her career counselor. The classes would prepare her for a job in a new high-paying career field.

After selecting the Air Force Specialty Code (AFSC) that most interested him, John spent several weeks researching the basics of the AFSC so that he could better perform the job after his enlistment.

While helping her daughter study her Career Development Course, Mary became very familiar with the material. She learned the material more quickly and morethoroughly than her daughter.

Knows what areas interest him/her, and honestly desires to learn new material that will fill in gaps in his/her experience and help him/her complete tasks and satisfy real-life issues.

Notices gaps in his/her experience and knowledge, explores and researches the related topics, and decides what material he/she needs to learn to satisfy his/her curiosity.

Has already learned many things, conscientiously follows the recommended course of study, and uses the learned information to accomplish real-life tasks and solve problems.

Wants to learn additional material in order to meet the prerequisites for a new job position.

Returns to school after a long break to learn information to supplement prior learning and experience.

Attends classes and/or studies material mainly to satisfy an internal curiosity on a subject.

Essentialist

Progressivist

Perennialist

Social reconstructionist

Essentialist

Perennialist

The school should encourage cooperation rather than competition.

Education must take the lead in solving societal problems.

Americans have forgotten the purpose of education is intellectual training.

Perennialist.

Social reconstructionist.

Progressivist.

Educational theories underscore a teacher's view of how to teach, what the role of the students will be in the classroom, the curriculum he or she advocates for presentation in the school and how he or she tests and evaluates.

Teachers are influenced by the educational theories predominant in the public sector which govern school financing and federal legislation on special education and how the administrators implement testing to determine mastery of the subject.

Colleges of Education mandate core curriculum, which requires education majors to study educational philosophy thus influencing the way these future teachers deliver course material and the selection of lesson strategies used to enhance learning.

Present the classics by lecture, discussion, and Socratic questioning in order to answer age-old problems and questions.

Give material responsive to the needs and experiences of the individual through assigning projects and taking students on field trips.

Teach the liberal arts by lecture or discussion, assign numerous written and oral tasks and use lesson plans and learning by objectives.

Stress self-discipline in educational activities geared to instilling the knowledge and skills for active involvement as a citizen.

Develop a curriculum focusing on the liberal arts and scholarly lectures to help students discover ideas and answers within themselves.

Emphasize problem-solving techniques to find solutions to situations throughout life and use interactive methods like guided discussion.

The students' attention on the current social order and the problems to be resolved; you will emphasize group problem-solving activities and facilitation as preferred teaching methods; and concentrate on the future.

Your portion of the curriculum on students interests and needs; you will use guided discussions and cooperative learning teaching techniques; and maintain a student focus when interacting with the students.

On the classics as the core of your curriculum; emphasize questioning during lecture and other teaching activities; and instill knowledge for the sake of learning.

During the gap analysis in the design phase, it is very important to decide what domain to teach from, ensuring all the courseware will be developed using that domain.

Once the design phase is completed, you must decide what domain to use to ensure the students will receive the information at the correct level.

Deciding which domain to teach from during the analysis phase will allow you to design proper measurable samples of behavior for the test.

It is very important for you to decide which domain you want to teach in during the development phase. This will allow the instructor to personalize their lesson plans to the appropriate level.

The domain from which you chose to teach must be decided after you have written your test questions. Once the test questions have been written you can begin writing your curriculum based on the primary domain you chose.

During the analysis phase the domain you want to teach in must be chosen. From this you will be able to write accurate measurable samples of behavior during the design phase.

Knowing what domain to teach from in the analysis phase will ensure the proper test questions will be developed.

The beginning of the development phase is where you decide what domain to teach from in order to develop good courseware.

After writing the measurable samples of behavior you will need to decide which domain to teach from in order to write the test questions

While attending the Senior NCO academy, MSgt Nichols had to give a 10-minute speech on what followership is and how it relates to his subordinates. He was reaching the interpretation sublevel.

Lt Brown wanted his students to provide a definition of leadership from his or her own experience. The students were reaching the extrapolation sublevel.

The students at Squadron Officer School were given the task to break their recent leadership course results into different parts allowing them to come up with a better plan of action. They were reaching the translation sublevel

Feel confident in their speaking ability because Lt Johnson ensured they received information from the extrapolation sublevel.

Have a harder time when they get to their new job because Lt Johnson failed to get them to the correct sublevel

Be able to understand the language well because Lt Johnson ensured the course was written to the correct level.

Interpret

Translate

Extrapolate

The affective domain focuses on positive and neutral feelings and attitudes in learning.

The cognitive domain primary deals with physical and mental skills of learning.

The psychomotor domain contains the thinking and application aspects of learning.

The lesson objective states the end state desired of students, while the measurable samples of behavior define selected indicators that students have met the lesson objective.

Measurable samples of behavior indicate whether or not students meet objectives, while lesson objectives indicate whether or not lesson plans meet objectives.

While the lesson objective captures the requirement that a lesson must achieve, the measurable samples of behavior measure the students' ability to meet that objective.

Create measurable, reliable, definable lesson objectives and then observe students demonstrate the proper levels of achievement as described by the measurable samples of behavior.

Base test questions based on measurable samples of behavior. The samples of behavior should link back to the lesson objective so, when taken collectively, will encompass the entire lesson objective.

Write test questions designed based on the lesson objectives, ensuring that the questions are comprehensive, encompassing the entire objective to accurately measure student achievement.

Each student will understand that leadership enhances mission accomplishment.

Students will analyze the concept of air power.

The objective of this lesson is for each student to comprehend and value the concept of wellness.

Serves as a guide for writing the body of the lesson plan and also provides the lesson designer's intent for the structure and delivery method of the lesson.

Acts as a map for the design of the lesson. It gives the lesson developer clear instruction on how to organize the lesson and what media to implement for delivery.

Sets up the master plan for accomplishing the lesson from start to finish, including how to design and deliver the lesson as well as what resources will be involved in writing the lesson.

For all of the curriculum designers involved in the lesson plan generation process, the strategy statement gives a common goal toward which they can work. This ensures smooth implementation of the new lesson.

Instructors must understand the lesson designer's intent when teaching the lesson. The strategy statement answers what the lesson will cover, how it will be taught, and why the designer chose to approach the material in this manner.

The lesson designer will write the strategy statement to serve as a focus for the lesson. The strategy statement will convey the original intent of the lesson design, so the lesson developer is less likely to deviate during lesson construction.

Because the test writer first determined the focus of the lesson, then wrote measurable samples of behavior and finally wrote the test item, he followed the correct process.

Since the test writer started with a strategy statement, then wrote the first main point and finally wrote the test item he followed the correct process for writing test items.

After the test writer wrote the measurable samples of behavior, reviewed the main points, then wrote the test item, he has followed the correct process.

Define camouflage, cover, and concealment in your own words.

Consider how camouflage, cover, and concealment affects combat tactics.

Explain how camouflage, cover, and concealment affects combat tactics.

Explain how leadership enhances morale.

Understand the importance of trust.

Students will comprehend the AF Core Values.

Mental barrier and would not have an effect on her learning.

Physical barrier and would not have an effect on her learning.

Physical barrier and would have effect on her learning.

Writing with no effect on learning.

Listening which impacts our learning.

Talking, no effect on learning.

Have students read more materials on the subject.

Have students write down everything you say.

Compare existing materials to knowledge they have.

Is a tool used to stimulate right brain thinking students.

Is material teachers use to keep students focused on the class.

Can be anything that supports the teacher's delivery of the lesson.

Teaching materials students can see and understand with a message correctly presented to enhance learning

Anything teachers appropriately show students to help them see and easily comprehend the lesson objective

A visual instrument presented to students to help teachers teach the lesson objective and focus student’s attention on the main point

Keep the students engaged visually during class.

Generate student discussion through another instrument.

Make a point focused on the lesson.

Non-example because the picture created student confusion which hindered learning.

Example because the picture was a tool used by the teacher to support the learning.

Example because the picture generated student questions which improved learning.

Example of effective visual aids because Mr. Nobee's handout was reliable against power point failure

example of effective visual aid because Mr. Nobee visual aids set the mood of the class.

Non-example of effective visuals because Mr. Nobee's handout referenced outdated material.

That is properly presented to transmit the desired message required to facilitate learning.

That is perceived by sight, is properly presented to transmit the desired message required to facilitate learning..

That is easily understood, that is perceived by sight, and is properly presented to transmit the desired message required to facilitate learning.

Non-example of effective visuals because MSgt Fred does not use any instructional devices.

Example of effective visual aid because MSgt Fred teaches in a seminar climate.

Example of effective visual aids because MSgt Fred expresses the importance of the lesson.