IT Essentials - Fundamental Operating Systems - Chapter 5
This will act as a study guide with regard to the chapter 5 IT Essentials exam
Questions and Answers
- 1.
The roles of an operating system include: (pick 1)
- A.
Providing user interface
- B.
Managing files and folders
- C.
Controlling hardware access
- D.
Managing applications
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
The correct answer is "all of the above". An operating system plays a crucial role in providing a user interface, managing files and folders, controlling hardware access, and managing applications. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer, allowing them to interact with the system through a graphical user interface or command-line interface. It also handles the organization and storage of files and folders, ensuring efficient management. Additionally, the operating system controls the access and utilization of hardware resources, such as memory, CPU, and storage devices. Lastly, it manages the execution and coordination of various applications running on the system.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The OS installs a .................. ........................... for each hardware component. (2 words)
Correct Answer
device driver
device driversExplanation
The operating system installs a device driver or device drivers for each hardware component. Device drivers are software programs that allow the operating system to communicate and interact with the hardware devices connected to the computer. They provide the necessary instructions and protocols for the OS to effectively control and manage the hardware components, ensuring proper functionality and compatibility.Rate this question:
- 3.
Not all modern Windows operating systems are PnP compatible. (TRUE or FALSE)
Correct Answer
False
noExplanation
The statement is false because all modern Windows operating systems are PnP (Plug and Play) compatible. PnP technology allows devices to be automatically detected and configured by the operating system without the need for manual intervention. Therefore, the answer "False" indicates that the statement is incorrect, and the additional response "no" further confirms this.Rate this question:
- 4.
The ........................... contains information about applications, users, hardware, network settings and file tyes. (1 word)
Correct Answer
registryExplanation
The correct answer is "registry." The registry is a database in the Windows operating system that stores information about applications, users, hardware, network settings, and file types. It is a centralized location where important configuration data is stored, and it is used by the operating system and applications to access and modify settings. The registry is crucial for the proper functioning of the system and its components.Rate this question:
- 5.
Which file system has added greater security benefits and stability? (pick 1)
- A.
FAT
- B.
FAT18
- C.
FAT32
- D.
NTFS
Correct Answer
D. NTFSExplanation
NTFS (New Technology File System) has added greater security benefits and stability compared to the other file systems mentioned. NTFS supports advanced security features such as file and folder permissions, encryption, and auditing. It also provides more robust error-checking and recovery mechanisms, making it less prone to data corruption and system crashes. Additionally, NTFS supports larger file sizes and partition sizes compared to the FAT file systems, making it more suitable for modern operating systems and storage needs.Rate this question:
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- 6.
Name one of the two types of user interfaces. (1 or 3 words)
Correct Answer
CLI
GUI
command line interface
graphical user interfaceExplanation
The correct answer is CLI and GUI. CLI stands for command line interface, which allows users to interact with a computer system by typing commands into a terminal. GUI stands for graphical user interface, which uses icons, buttons, and menus to enable user interaction with a computer system through a visual interface. Both CLI and GUI are types of user interfaces that provide different ways for users to interact with a computer.Rate this question:
- 7.
What is multithreading?
- A.
2 or more users can work with programs and files at the same time
- B.
The PC is capable of operating multiple applications at the same time
- C.
A program can be broken into smaller parts that can be loaded as needed by the OS
- D.
The PC can have 2 or more CPUs that programs share
Correct Answer
C. A program can be broken into smaller parts that can be loaded as needed by the OSExplanation
Multithreading refers to the ability of a program to be divided into smaller parts called threads, which can be executed independently. These threads can be loaded and executed as needed by the operating system (OS). This allows for concurrent execution of multiple tasks within a program, improving efficiency and responsiveness. Each thread can perform a specific task simultaneously, enabling better utilization of system resources. Therefore, the given answer accurately describes the concept of multithreading.Rate this question:
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- 8.
In this mode the CPU can only execute one program at a time and address 1 MB of system memory at a time.
- A.
Real mode
- B.
Protected mode
- C.
Virtual Real mode
- D.
Compatibility mode
Correct Answer
A. Real modeExplanation
Real mode is the correct answer because in this mode, the CPU can only execute one program at a time and address 1 MB of system memory at a time. In real mode, the CPU operates in a backward-compatible mode with the original Intel 8086 processor, allowing it to run older software that was designed for the 8086. This mode provides direct access to hardware and does not provide any memory protection or multitasking capabilities.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A ........................ OS is designed for a corporate environment serving multiple users with a wide range of needs. (1 word)
Correct Answer
networkExplanation
The correct answer is "network". A network operating system (NOS) is specifically designed to support multiple users in a corporate environment. It allows users to share resources such as files, printers, and applications on a network. NOS provides features like security, user management, and centralized administration to meet the diverse needs of different users in an organization.Rate this question:
- 10.
A desktop OS has the following characteristics (pick 2)
- A.
Is robust and redundant
- B.
Supports a single user
- C.
Provides increased security compared to a network OS
- D.
Runs multiuser applications
- E.
Shares files and folders in a small network with limited security
Correct Answer(s)
B. Supports a single user
E. Shares files and folders in a small network with limited securityExplanation
A desktop OS supports a single user because it is designed to be used by one person at a time on a personal computer. It allows the user to have exclusive access to the resources and settings of the computer. Additionally, a desktop OS can share files and folders in a small network with limited security. This means that users on the same network can access and exchange files with each other, but the level of security for these shared resources may be lower compared to a network OS which is specifically designed for larger networks with stronger security measures.Rate this question:
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- 11.
A .......................... is found on the manufacturer's website and is a detailed inventory of hardware that has been tested and is known to work with the OS. (1 or 3 words)
Correct Answer(s)
HCL
hardware compatibility listExplanation
A hardware compatibility list (HCL) is a detailed inventory of hardware that has been tested and is known to work with the operating system (OS). It is typically found on the manufacturer's website and provides users with information about which hardware components are compatible with the OS. The HCL helps users make informed decisions when selecting hardware for their systems, ensuring compatibility and optimal performance.Rate this question:
- 12.
A Hardware Compatibility List might not be continuously maintained and therefore might not be a comprehensive reference list. (TRUE or FALSE)
Correct Answer(s)
true
yesExplanation
A Hardware Compatibility List (HCL) might not be continuously maintained and updated, which means it may not include all the latest hardware devices available in the market. Therefore, it might not be a comprehensive reference list for determining the compatibility of hardware with a particular system.Rate this question:
- 13.
This partition is used by the OS to boot the PC. Only one can be marked as this.
- A.
Primary
- B.
Active
- C.
Extended
- D.
Logical
Correct Answer
B. ActiveExplanation
The active partition is used by the operating system to boot the PC. Only one partition can be marked as active at a time.Rate this question:
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- 14.
With regard to limiting security risks, changing the name of the administrator account changes the SID (TRUE or FALSE)
Correct Answer
false
noExplanation
Changing the name of the administrator account does not change the Security Identifier (SID). The SID is a unique identifier assigned to each user or group in a Windows operating system, and it remains the same regardless of the account name. Therefore, changing the account name does not have any impact on limiting security risks.Rate this question:
- 15.
You can use ......................... ............................ to locate problems and to install the correct or updated drivers. (2 words)
Correct Answer
device manager
devices managerExplanation
The correct answer is "device manager". The device manager is a tool that can be used to locate problems and install correct or updated drivers for devices. It provides a centralized view of all the hardware devices connected to a computer and allows users to manage and troubleshoot them. By accessing the device manager, users can identify any issues with their devices and take necessary actions such as installing or updating drivers to resolve the problems.Rate this question:
- 16.
How can the command line be accessed in Windows XP?
- A.
Start > Run > Prompt
- B.
Start > Run > cmd
- C.
Start > Control Panel > Prompt
- D.
Start > All programs > Accessories > Terminal
- E.
Start > Run > Terminal
Correct Answer
B. Start > Run > cmdExplanation
To access the command line in Windows XP, you need to click on the "Start" button, then select "Run". In the "Run" dialog box, you should type "cmd" and press enter. This will open the command prompt window, allowing you to enter and execute various commands.Rate this question:
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- 17.
What is a common cause of the error message 'invalid system disk'?
- A.
The delete key was pressed during the system boot
- B.
There is a nonbootable floppy disk or CD in the drive
- C.
There is no floppy disk or CD in the drive
- D.
The BIOS has been changed to boot from the hard drive first
Correct Answer
B. There is a nonbootable floppy disk or CD in the driveExplanation
The common cause of the error message 'invalid system disk' is having a nonbootable floppy disk or CD in the drive. This means that the computer is trying to boot from a disk or CD that does not contain the necessary files to start up the system.Rate this question:
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- 18.
............. .................... creates an image of a hard drive in a computer by using a third-party program. (2 words)
Correct Answer
disk cloningExplanation
Disk cloning is the process of creating an exact copy or image of a hard drive using a third-party program. This allows for the replication of all data, settings, and configurations from one drive to another. It is commonly used for backup purposes, system migration, or when upgrading to a larger capacity drive. By creating an image of the hard drive, disk cloning ensures that all files, applications, and operating system are replicated accurately, providing a seamless transition to the new drive.Rate this question:
- 19.
This file enables NTLDR to know which OS to load and where to find the OS on the boot partition.
- A.
Ntoskrnl.exe
- B.
Regedt32.exe
- C.
Hal.dll
- D.
Boot.ini
Correct Answer
D. Boot.iniExplanation
The boot.ini file is responsible for informing the NTLDR (NT Loader) about the operating system to be loaded and its location on the boot partition. It acts as a configuration file that helps the computer boot into the correct operating system.Rate this question:
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- 20.
Information about which file extensions map to a particular application is shown here.
- A.
HKEY_USERS
- B.
HKEY_ CURRENT_USERS
- C.
HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE
- D.
HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT
- E.
HKEY_CURRENT_CONFIG
Correct Answer
D. HKEY_CLASSES_ROOTExplanation
The given answer, HKEY_CLASSES_ROOT, is the correct answer because it is a registry hive in the Windows operating system that contains information about file associations. It maps file extensions to the applications that are used to open them. This information is important for the operating system to know which application to launch when a specific file extension is clicked on or accessed.Rate this question:
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- 21.
You can convert partitions from NTFS to FAT 32 using the convert.exe utility. (TRUE or FALSE)
Correct Answer
false
yesExplanation
The statement "You can convert partitions from NTFS to FAT 32 using the convert.exe utility" is false. The convert.exe utility can only be used to convert partitions from FAT to NTFS, not the other way around. Therefore, the correct answer is false. However, the explanation for "yes" is not available, as it is not clear what it is referring to.Rate this question:
- 22.
Applications can be launched by........
- A.
Clicking the application on the start menu
- B.
Double clicking the application executable file in My Computer
- C.
Right clicking on the desktop icon and selecting 'open'
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
D. All of the aboveExplanation
All of the given options are correct because applications can be launched by clicking the application on the start menu, double-clicking the application executable file in My Computer, or right-clicking on the desktop icon and selecting 'open'.Rate this question:
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- 23.
The .................. ........................ logs a history of events regarding applications, security and the system. (2 words)
Correct Answer
event viewerExplanation
The event viewer is a tool that records and keeps track of various events related to applications, security, and the system. It maintains a log or history of these events, allowing users to review and analyze them for troubleshooting purposes or to monitor system performance.Rate this question:
- 24.
Windows 98 is upgradable to Windows NT, Windows 200 and Windows XP. (TRUE or FALSE)
Correct Answer
false
noExplanation
Windows 98 is not upgradable to Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Windows XP. These operating systems have different architectures and compatibility requirements, making it impossible to directly upgrade from Windows 98 to any of them. Users would need to perform a fresh installation of the desired operating system instead of upgrading from Windows 98.Rate this question:
- 25.
A preventative maintenance program can provide what benefit to users and organisations?
- A.
Decreased downtime
- B.
Improved performance
- C.
Decreased repair costs
- D.
Improved reliability
- E.
All of the above
Correct Answer
E. All of the aboveExplanation
A preventative maintenance program can provide several benefits to both users and organizations. It can help decrease downtime by identifying and addressing potential issues before they become major problems, thus minimizing the time equipment or systems are out of service. It can also improve performance by ensuring that equipment is functioning optimally and efficiently. Additionally, preventative maintenance can decrease repair costs by preventing major breakdowns that may require costly repairs. Lastly, it can improve reliability by reducing the likelihood of unexpected failures and disruptions. Therefore, all of the mentioned benefits can be achieved through a preventative maintenance program.Rate this question:
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- 26.
Two systems utilities that are useful tools for preventative maintenance are? (pick 2)
- A.
Defrag
- B.
Fdisk
- C.
Scan disk
- D.
Disk cleanup
- E.
Disk management
Correct Answer(s)
A. Defrag
C. Scan diskExplanation
Defrag and scan disk are two system utilities that are useful tools for preventative maintenance. Defrag is short for defragmentation, which is the process of reorganizing fragmented files on a hard drive to improve performance. It rearranges the data so that files are stored in contiguous blocks, reducing the time it takes to access them. Scan disk, on the other hand, is a utility that checks the hard drive for errors and fixes them if found. It helps to identify and repair any issues with the file system, ensuring the smooth operation of the system.Rate this question:
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- 27.
To turn on automatic updates you go to .............
- A.
Start > all programs > accessories > system tools > automatic updates
- B.
Start > control panel > system > automatic updates
- C.
Right click My Computer > properties > advanced > peroformance options > automatic updates
Correct Answer
B. Start > control panel > system > automatic updatesExplanation
The correct answer is Start > control panel > system > automatic updates. This is because in order to turn on automatic updates, you need to access the control panel, then go to the system settings, and from there you can find the option for automatic updates.Rate this question:
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- 28.
This backup does not mark selected files as having been archived.
- A.
Daily
- B.
Differential
- C.
Incremental
- D.
Copy
- E.
Normal
Correct Answer
D. CopyExplanation
This backup option, "copy," does not mark selected files as having been archived. This means that the files are simply copied to the backup location without any indication that they have been backed up. This can be useful in situations where you want to have an exact replica of your files in a separate location, but you don't need to keep track of which files have been backed up.Rate this question:
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- 29.
Pressing F8 will enable the user to starts Windows XP in safe mode. (TRUE or FALSE)
Correct Answer
true
yesExplanation
Pressing F8 on Windows XP during startup will indeed enable the user to start the operating system in safe mode. Safe mode is a troubleshooting mode that loads only essential drivers and services, allowing users to diagnose and fix issues with their system. By pressing F8 at the right time, users can access the advanced startup options menu and select safe mode as their desired boot option.Rate this question:
- 30.
A ....................... is also called a file allocation unit. It is the smallest unit of space used for storing data. (1 word)
Correct Answer
clusterExplanation
A cluster is also called a file allocation unit. It is the smallest unit of space used for storing data. Clusters are used by file systems to allocate and manage disk space efficiently. Each cluster typically consists of multiple sectors, and the size of a cluster can vary depending on the file system and the size of the storage device.Rate this question:
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Oct 20, 2023Quiz Edited by
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