1.
According to the principles of ICH GCP, what is the most important consideration when conducting a clinical trial?
Correct Answer
B. Protection of trial subjects
Explanation
The most important consideration when conducting a clinical trial, according to the principles of ICH GCP, is the protection of trial subjects. This means ensuring the safety, rights, and well-being of the individuals participating in the trial. It involves obtaining informed consent, minimizing risks, providing adequate medical care, and maintaining confidentiality. Protecting trial subjects is crucial to maintaining ethical standards and ensuring the integrity and reliability of the trial results.
2.
Which document created in 1964 forms the basis of ethical considerations in clinical research?
Correct Answer
B. Declaration of Helsinki
Explanation
The Declaration of Helsinki, created in 1964, is a document that establishes ethical principles for clinical research involving human subjects. It provides guidelines for researchers and physicians to ensure the well-being and rights of participants are protected. The Declaration of Geneva, on the other hand, is a statement of physicians' ethical responsibilities, while the Declaration of Belfast is not a recognized document in the context of ethical considerations in clinical research. Therefore, the correct answer is the Declaration of Helsinki.
3.
What does ICH stand for?
Correct Answer
B. International Conference on Harmonisation
Explanation
ICH stands for International Conference on Harmonisation. This organization brings together regulatory authorities and the pharmaceutical industry to develop and promote guidelines and standards for the development, registration, and post-approval of pharmaceutical products. The goal of ICH is to ensure the safety, efficacy, and quality of pharmaceutical products worldwide by harmonizing regulatory requirements.
4.
What does ICH GCP state about the investigator or trial staff persuading subjects to take part in a trial?
"Neither the investigator nor the trial staff, should ................... a subject to participate or to continue to participate in a trial"
Correct Answer
C. Coerce or unduly influence
Explanation
The correct answer is "coerce or unduly influence." According to ICH GCP, the investigator or trial staff should not use any form of coercion or undue influence to persuade subjects to participate or continue to participate in a trial. This means that they should not use inappropriate methods or force individuals to take part in the study.
5.
According to ICH GCP, the investigator "should be qualified by....."?
Correct Answer
B. Education, training, and experience
Explanation
According to ICH GCP, the investigator should be qualified by education, training, and experience. This means that the investigator should have a strong educational background, relevant training in conducting clinical trials, and practical experience in the field. These qualifications are necessary to ensure that the investigator has the necessary knowledge and skills to conduct the trial effectively and ethically, and to ensure the safety and well-being of the trial participants.
6.
According to ICH GCP, where would you expect to find a section entitled
"Summary of Data and Guidance for the Investigator"
Correct Answer
C. Investigator Brochure
Explanation
According to ICH GCP, the section entitled "Summary of Data and Guidance for the Investigator" would be expected to be found in the Investigator Brochure. The Investigator Brochure provides essential information about the investigational product to the investigator, including summaries of previous clinical and nonclinical data, as well as guidance on how to conduct the study. It serves as a reference document for the investigator throughout the trial.
7.
The form 1572 "Statement of Investigator" is required by:
Correct Answer
B. FDA
Explanation
The form 1572 "Statement of Investigator" is required by the FDA. This form is used to document the commitment of the investigator to conduct the clinical trial in compliance with the FDA regulations and to provide assurance that the investigator is qualified to conduct the study. The form includes information about the investigator's qualifications, experience, and training, as well as the protocol and investigational product information. The FDA requires this form to ensure the integrity and reliability of the clinical trial data.
8.
Prior to subject’s participation in the trial, the _________________should be signed and personally dates by the subject or by the subject’s LAR.
Correct Answer
D. Written Informed Consent Form
Explanation
Before a subject participates in a trial, it is necessary for them or their legally authorized representative (LAR) to sign and personally date the Written Informed Consent Form. This form ensures that the subject has been adequately informed about the trial, its potential risks and benefits, and has given their voluntary consent to participate. It is a crucial document that protects the rights and welfare of the subject and ensures their informed decision-making. The other options mentioned (Protocol, Clinical Trial Agreement, IRB Approval Report) are important components of a clinical trial but do not specifically pertain to obtaining the subject's consent.
9.
Sponsor responsibilities include
Correct Answer
E. All the above
Explanation
The sponsor's responsibilities include designing the study, managing the study, financing the study, and auditing the study. This means that the sponsor is responsible for planning and organizing the study, overseeing its progress and implementation, providing the necessary funding, and ensuring that the study is conducted in accordance with ethical and regulatory standards. Therefore, "all the above" is the correct answer as it encompasses all of the mentioned responsibilities.
10.
What is? A systematic and independent examination of trial-related activities and documents to determine whether the evaluated trial-related activities were conducted and the data were recorded, analyzed, and accurately reported according to the protocol, sponsor's SOPs, GCP, and the applicable regulatory requirements.
Correct Answer
C. Audit
Explanation
Audit is the correct answer because it involves a systematic and independent examination of trial-related activities and documents to ensure that they were conducted and reported accurately according to the protocol, sponsor's SOPs, GCP, and regulatory requirements. This process helps to identify any deviations or non-compliance and ensures the integrity and reliability of the trial data.
11.
What does IRB Stand for?
Correct Answer
C. Institutional Review Board
Explanation
The correct answer is Institutional Review Board. An Institutional Review Board (IRB) is a committee that is responsible for reviewing and approving research involving human subjects. They ensure that the research is conducted ethically and in accordance with the guidelines and regulations set forth by the institution, as well as national and international standards. The IRB evaluates the potential risks and benefits of the research, protects the rights and welfare of the participants, and ensures that informed consent is obtained.
12.
Who is the person responsible for the conduct of the clinical trial at a trial site.
Correct Answer
C. Investigator
Explanation
The investigator is responsible for the conduct of the clinical trial at a trial site. They are responsible for overseeing the entire trial, ensuring that it is conducted according to the protocol, and ensuring the safety and well-being of the participants. The investigator is also responsible for obtaining informed consent from participants, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting any adverse events or findings to the appropriate regulatory authorities.
13.
An individual or juridical or other body authorized under applicable law to consent, on behalf of a prospective subject, to the subject's participation in the clinical trial.
Correct Answer
A. LAR (legally acceptable representative)
Explanation
A legally acceptable representative (LAR) is the correct answer because they are authorized under applicable law to give consent on behalf of a prospective subject to participate in a clinical trial. This means that if the prospective subject is unable to provide consent themselves, the LAR can make decisions on their behalf. This ensures that the rights and well-being of the subject are protected, even if they are unable to make decisions for themselves.
14.
An SAE (Serious Adverse Event) is any untoward medical occurrence that at any dose:
Correct Answer
E. All the above
Explanation
An SAE is defined as any untoward medical occurrence that meets any of the criteria mentioned in the options. It includes events that result in death, are life-threatening, require hospitalization (either inpatient or prolongation of existing hospitalization), or result in persistent or significant disability/incapacity. Therefore, the correct answer is "All the above."
15.
A clinical trial must have IRB/IEC approval before it can begin?
Correct Answer
A. True
Explanation
IRB/IEC approval is required before a clinical trial can begin to ensure that the study is conducted ethically and in accordance with regulations. The approval process involves a thorough review of the study protocol, informed consent forms, and any potential risks or benefits to participants. This approval is necessary to protect the rights and welfare of the participants and to ensure the scientific validity of the trial. Without IRB/IEC approval, a clinical trial cannot proceed.