MUSCLE TERMINOLOGY QUIZ

1. What happens when a muscle abducts the arm?

Rotates the arm inward.

Rotates the arm outward.

Moves the arm away from the body.

Moves the arm toward the body.

Abduction occurs when something moves away from the body's midline, which runs down the front of the body passing through the nose and navel. So an arm will move away from the midline or body when it is abducted.

Explanation

Abduction occurs when something moves away from the body's midline, which runs down the front of the body passing through the nose and navel. So an arm will move away from the midline or body when it is abducted.

2. This happens when an arm is adducted.

The arm moves away from the body.

The arm rotates inward.

The arm rotates outward.

The arm moves toward the body.

Adduction occurs when something moves toward the body's midline, which runs down the front of the body passing through the nose and navel. So an arm will move toward the midline or body when it is adducted.

Explanation

Adduction occurs when something moves toward the body's midline, which runs down the front of the body passing through the nose and navel. So an arm will move toward the midline or body when it is adducted.

3. How does a muscle supinate the hand?

Bends the hand away from the chest.

Turns the palm downward.

Bends the hand toward the chest.

Turns the palm upward.

Turning the back of the hand down and the palm up is referred to as supination.

Explanation

Turning the back of the hand down and the palm up is referred to as supination.

4. What happens when a muscle flexes the elbow?

Increases the angle between the forearm and upper arm.

Rotates the elbow outward.

Decreases the angle between the forearm and upper arm.

Rotates the elbow inward.

Flexion occurs when the angle is decreased beween bones at a joint, such as those of the forearm and arm at the elbow.

Explanation

Flexion occurs when the angle is decreased beween bones at a joint, such as those of the forearm and arm at the elbow.

5. How do you retract your shoulders?

Pull them backward.

Pull them forward.

Pull them upward.

Pull them downward.

Retraction occurs when something is moved backward, such as pulling back your shoulders.

Explanation

Retraction occurs when something is moved backward, such as pulling back your shoulders.

6. How does a muscle extend the knee?

Rotates the knee inward.

Rotates the knee outward.

Decreases the angle between the shin and upper leg.

Increases the angle between the shin and upper leg.

Extension occurs when the angle between bones is increased at a joint, such as the shin moving away from the upper leg at the knee.

Explanation

Extension occurs when the angle between bones is increased at a joint, such as the shin moving away from the upper leg at the knee.

7. Jutting your jaw outward is an example of

Protraction.

Retraction.

Flexion.

Extension.

Protraction occurs when something is moved forward, such as jutting your jaw outward.

Explanation

Protraction occurs when something is moved forward, such as jutting your jaw outward.

8. What determines a muscle's insertion?

The more moveable attachment.

The shape of the muscle.

The less moveable attachment.

The action of a muscle.

A muscle moves from insertion toward the origin, which requires the insertion to be more moveable.

Explanation

A muscle moves from insertion toward the origin, which requires the insertion to be more moveable.

9. The origin moves toward the insertion during a muscle contraction.

True

False

The insertion ALWAYS moves toward the origin. Even in cases where other muscles hold down the insertion, the muscle fibers still move toward the origin, making the origin the more moveable attachment. I.e., hip muscles contracting and making you lean sideways even though the muscles are pulling up on the hip. This is due to muscles making the leg and hip muscle insertions stationary and causing the body and the hip muscle origins to move toward the leg.

Explanation

The insertion ALWAYS moves toward the origin. Even in cases where other muscles hold down the insertion, the muscle fibers still move toward the origin, making the origin the more moveable attachment. I.e., hip muscles contracting and making you lean sideways even though the muscles are pulling up on the hip. This is due to muscles making the leg and hip muscle insertions stationary and causing the body and the hip muscle origins to move toward the leg.