Developmental Psychology
115 Questions
| Attempts: 152
Questions and Answers
- 1.
__________________________: the fertilized egg, formed by the union of sperm and egg.
- 2.
The third through eighth week of prenatal development is called __________________________.
- A.
Conception
- B.
The embryonic stage
- C.
The fetal stage
Correct Answer
B. The embryonic stage -
- 3.
The prenatal period from the ninth week until birth is called __________________________.
- A.
Conception
- B.
The embryonic stage
- C.
The fetal stage
Correct Answer
C. The fetal stage -
- 4.
During conception, cells (the zygote) divide repeatedly. This produces a mass of identical cells called the __________________________.
Correct Answer
blastocyst - 5.
The blastocyst attaches itself to the uterine wall and is now called the __________________________.
Correct Answer
embryo - 6.
__________________________: connects the embryo to the uterine wall.
Correct Answer
placenta - 7.
__________________________: connects the placenta and the embryo.
- connects the embryo's and mother's blood supplies
- allows embryo to take in nutrients, oxygen, and antibodies
- allows developing embryo to eliminate waste products
Correct Answer
umbilical cord - 8.
__________________________: the tubular structure formed early in the embryonic stage from which the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) develops.
Correct Answer
the neural tube
neural tube - 9.
The heart begins to beat during __________________________.
- A.
Conception
- B.
The embryonic stage
- C.
The fetal stage
Correct Answer
C. The fetal stage -
- 10.
__________________________: environmental factors that can disrupt healthy neural development.
Correct Answer
teratogens
teratogen - 11.
Lead, alcohol, and cigarette smoke are all examples of __________________________.
Correct Answer
teratogens
teratogen - 12.
Generally, teratogens are most harmful during __________________________.
- A.
Conception
- B.
The embryonic stage
- C.
The fetal stage
Correct Answer
B. The embryonic stage -
- 13.
__________________________: a developmental disorder that affects children whose mothers consumed alcohol during pregnancy. Its effects include a range of psychological problems and physical abnormalities.
Correct Answer
fetal alcohol syndrome - 14.
Newborns have fairly advanced sensory capacities.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 15.
__________________________: an infantile reflex in which an infant closes his or her hand into a fist when his or her palmed is touched.
- A.
Grasp reflex
- B.
Rooting reflex
- C.
Sucking reflex
Correct Answer
A. Grasp reflex -
- 16.
__________________________: in an infant, the sucking elicited by stroking applied on or around the lips; the reflex aids breastfeeding.
- A.
Grasp reflex
- B.
Rooting reflex
- C.
Sucking reflex
Correct Answer
B. Rooting reflex -
- 17.
__________________________: an infantile reflex in which an infant sucks on whatever is placed in his or her mouth.
- A.
Grasp reflex
- B.
Rooting reflex
- C.
Sucking reflex
Correct Answer
C. Sucking reflex -
- 18.
__________________________ serve(s) an important function in breastfeeding.
- A.
Grasp reflex
- B.
Rooting reflex
- C.
Sucking reflex
Correct Answer(s)
B. Rooting reflex
C. Sucking reflex -
- 19.
According to Piaget, the period of cognitive development between birth and ~2 years of age is the __________________________.
- A.
Sensorimotor period
- B.
Preoperational period
- C.
Concrete operational period
- D.
Formal operational period
Correct Answer
A. Sensorimotor period -
- 20.
According to Piaget, the period of cognitive development between ~2 years of age and ~7 years of age is the __________________________.
- A.
Sensorimotor period
- B.
Preoperational period
- C.
Concrete operational period
- D.
Formal operational period
Correct Answer
B. Preoperational period -
- 21.
According to Piaget, the period of cognitive development between ~7 years of age and ~12 years of age is the __________________________.
- A.
Sensorimotor period
- B.
Preoperational period
- C.
Concrete operational period
- D.
Formal operational period
Correct Answer
C. Concrete operational period -
- 22.
According to Piaget, the period of cognitive development beyond ~12 years of age is the __________________________.
- A.
Sensorimotor period
- B.
Preoperational period
- C.
Concrete operational period
- D.
Formal operational period
Correct Answer
D. Formal operational period -
- 23.
__________________________: in Piaget's theory, the period of cognitive development from birth to about 2 years, in which the child has not yet achieved object permanence.
- differentiation between self and objects
Correct Answer
sensorimotor period - 24.
__________________________: the conviction that an object exists even when it is out of sight. Piaget believed infants didn't develop this level of understanding until the age of, at least, eight months.
Correct Answer
object permanence - 25.
When an infant looks at a rattle, he is aware of looking at the rattle but has no conception of the rattle itself existing as a permanent, independent object. If the infant looks away from the rattle (and thus stops seeing it), then the rattle ceases to exist. This is an example of ______________________.
Correct Answer
object permanence - 26.
______________________: inability to distinguish between perspective of self and others.
- A.
Egocentrism
- B.
Animism
- C.
Assimilation
- D.
Accommodation
Correct Answer
A. Egocentrism -
- 27.
__________________________: objects are capable of actions and have life-like qualities.
- A.
Egocentrism
- B.
Animism
- C.
Assimilation
- D.
Accommodation
Correct Answer
B. Animism -
- 28.
Egocentrism and animism occur in the __________________________ period.
- A.
Sensorimotor
- B.
Preoperational
- C.
Concrete operational
- D.
Formal operational
Correct Answer
B. Preoperational -
- 29.
__________________________: in Piaget's theory, the developing child's process of interpreting the environment in terms of schemas he or she already has.
Correct Answer
assimilation - 30.
2-year-old Josh has learned the schema for "helicopter" from his picture books. When Josh sees a plane, he calls it a "helicopter". This is an example of __________________________.
- A.
Assimilation
- B.
Accommodation
Correct Answer
A. Assimilation -
- 31.
__________________________: In Piaget's theory, the developing child's process of changing his or her schemas based on his or her interactions with the environment.
Correct Answer
accommodation - 32.
2-year-old Josh has learned the schema for "helicopter" from his picture books. When Josh sees a plane, he calls it a "helicopter". In response to this, Josh's mother tells him, "no, it's a plane". Josh changes his schemas for flying machines and continues to modify that schema to include "passenger plane", "fighter jet", etc. This is an example of __________________________.
- A.
Assimilation
- B.
Accommodation
Correct Answer
B. Accommodation -
- 33.
____________________________: in Piaget's theory, the period from about ages 2 to 7, in which a child can think representationally, but can't yet relate these representations to each other or take a point of view other than his or her own.
- learns to use language and to represent objects with images and words
- classifies objects by a single feature; for example, groups blocks by color (rather than shape or size)
Correct Answer
preoperational period - 34.
According to Piaget, children in the preoperational period of cognitive development would fail a ____________________________ test that requires understanding that quantity, length, or number of items is unrelated to the arrangement or appearance of this object.
Correct Answer
conservation - 35.
____________________________: in Piaget's theory, the period from about age 7 to 12, in which the child is beginning to understand abstract ideas such as number and substance, but only as they apply to real, concrete events.
Correct Answer
concrete operational period - 36.
A child exhibits the ability to classify on multiple dimensions (size, shape, color etc.) and proves successful in conservation tasks. This child also understands others have different opinions and viewpoints than he or she does. This child is, according to Piaget, in the ____________________________ period of cognitive development.
- A.
Sensorimotor
- B.
Preoperational
- C.
Concrete operational
- D.
Formal operational
Correct Answer
C. Concrete operational -
- 37.
A child does not exhibit an understanding of object permanence. According to Piaget, this child is likely in the ____________________________ period of cognitive development.
- A.
Sensorimotor
- B.
Preoperational
- C.
Concrete operational
- D.
Formal operational
Correct Answer
A. Sensorimotor -
- 38.
A child exhibits egocentrism and animism. This child understands object permanence, but cannot classify objects on more than one level. According to Piaget, this child is likely in the ____________________________ period of cognitive development.
- A.
Sensorimotor
- B.
Preoperational
- C.
Concrete operational
- D.
Formal operational
Correct Answer
B. Preoperational -
- 39.
____________________________: in Piaget's theory, the period from about age 12 on, in which a child can think abstractly and consider hypothetical possibilities.
Correct Answer
formal operational period - 40.
A child exhibits the ability to think abstractly and is proficient at logical reasoning and problem solving. This child has also developed an interest in social relations, politics, religion, and may challenge beliefs and conventions. According to Piaget, this child is likely in the ____________________________ period of cognitive development.
- A.
Sensorimotor
- B.
Preoperational
- C.
Concrete operational
- D.
Formal operational
Correct Answer
D. Formal operational -
- 41.
Development seems to be much more ____________________________ than Piaget thought. Children are constantly acquiring and incorporating new knowledge.
- A.
Sporadic
- B.
Abrupt
- C.
Gradual
- D.
Simple
Correct Answer
C. Gradual -
- 42.
Research has found that children pass different conservation tasks ____________________________.
- A.
All at once
- B.
At different ages
- C.
Based on gender
- D.
Based on race
Correct Answer
B. At different ages -
- 43.
Development is invariant and universal.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. False -
- 44.
In a more recent study of egocentrism, children of 3 years of age were shown a double-faced card: one side had a picture of a dog and the other had a picture of a cat. When the picture of the cat is facing the child, the researcher asks "what do I see?". The child is most likely to answer:
- A.
The cat
- B.
The dog
- C.
Neither
- D.
Both
Correct Answer
B. The dog -
- 45.
By showing infants impossible events, it becomes evident that babies, as young as 3 months ____________________________.
- A.
Have object permanence
- B.
Do not have object permanence
Correct Answer
A. Have object permanence -
- 46.
Children are, generally, much more ____________________________ (at earlier ages) than Piaget believed.
- A.
Incompetent
- B.
Competent
- C.
Observant
- D.
Ignorant
Correct Answer
B. Competent -
- 47.
____________________________: a method for studying infant perception. After some exposure to a stimulus, an infant becomes habituated and stops paying attention to it. If the infant shows renewed interest when a new stimulus is presented, this reveals that the infant regards the new stimulus as different from the old one.
Correct Answer
habituation procedure - 48.
Infants are capable of doing simple math.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 49.
6-month-old infants get habituated (and thus, look less) after being presented with a slide with 3 of a particular object. Once that changes to 2 objects, infants ____________________________, they ____________________________ this change.
- A.
Look longer; notice
- B.
Look longer; don't notice
- C.
Look the same amount; notice
- D.
Look the same amount; don't notice
Correct Answer
A. Look longer; notice -
- 50.
____________________________: the set of interrelated concepts we use to make sense of our own thoughts, feelings, and behaviors, as well as those of others.
Correct Answer
theory of mind
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Apr 30, 2013Quiz Edited by
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Dec 15, 2012Quiz Created by
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