Computer Basics Middle School

Explanation
This definition best describes a computer because it highlights the main function of a computer, which is to manipulate information and data. Computers are electronic devices that can process, store, and retrieve data, and they are widely used for various purposes such as calculations, communication, and data analysis. The other options mentioned in the question, such as a solar calculating machine or a machine used to surf the web, are not comprehensive enough to encompass the full capabilities and functionalities of a computer.

Explanation
The physical parts of a computer, such as the motherboard, CPU, memory, and storage devices, are collectively referred to as hardware. Unlike software, which consists of programs and data that can be stored and executed on the hardware, hardware refers to the tangible components that you can physically touch and interact with. This includes devices like the keyboard, mouse, monitor, and printer, as well as internal components like the hard drive and RAM.

Explanation
The correct answer is "The ENIAC." The ENIAC, which stands for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer, was the first general-purpose electronic computer. It was created in 1946 and was a significant milestone in the development of computing technology. The ENIAC was a massive machine that used vacuum tubes to perform calculations and was primarily used for scientific and military purposes. It paved the way for future advancements in computer technology and set the foundation for the modern computers we use today.

Explanation
The XBOX, iPod, and cell phone are all examples of technology that function similarly to a computer. They have processors, memory, and can perform various tasks like browsing the internet, playing games, and running applications. However, a radio does not have the same capabilities as a computer. It is a device used for receiving and transmitting radio waves, and does not have the ability to process information or perform complex tasks like a computer system.

Explanation
The mouse is the correct answer because it is an input device. Input devices are used to input data or commands into a computer system, and the mouse allows the user to move the cursor and interact with the computer by clicking on icons, buttons, and menus. The other options listed (speaker, printer, and monitor) are output devices, which are used to display or output information from the computer.

Explanation
The printer is the correct answer because it is an output device that produces a physical copy of documents or images. The keyboard, scanner, and mouse are all input devices used to provide information to the computer.

Explanation
The CPU, or Central Processing Unit, is often referred to as the "brain" of the computer because it is responsible for executing instructions and performing calculations. It is the main component that carries out the majority of the computer's processing tasks. The CPU interprets and executes instructions from the computer's memory, performs arithmetic and logical operations, and coordinates the activities of all the other hardware components. Without the CPU, a computer would not be able to function as it is responsible for all the essential operations required for computing.

Explanation
The main circuit board, known as the motherboard, is located inside the tower. It is responsible for connecting and allowing communication between various hardware components such as the processor, memory, and storage devices. The motherboard also provides power to these components and facilitates data transfer. The power cord is responsible for supplying power to the entire system, while the keyboard is an input device used for typing. The surfboard is not related to computer hardware and is an incorrect option.

Explanation
USB stands for Universal Serial Bus. It is a type of plug that helps connect various peripheral devices, including digital cameras and iPods, to a computer. USB ports are commonly found on computers and laptops, allowing users to transfer data, charge devices, and connect peripherals easily. USB has become a standard interface for connecting devices to computers due to its versatility and compatibility with a wide range of devices.

Explanation
The given image does not provide any information about the specific part of the computer. However, out of the given options, RAM is the most likely answer as it is a common component found in all computers. RAM (Random Access Memory) is responsible for temporarily storing data that the computer is actively using, allowing for faster access and retrieval compared to the computer's hard drive.