Ciclos BiogeoquÍmicos

Explanation
The correct answer is b. Carbono, Nitrógeno y Oxigeno. This is because the question states that there are three interconnected biogeochemical cycles, and it specifically mentions the gaseous cycle where nutrients circulate mainly between the atmosphere and living organisms. The examples given in option b (Carbon, Nitrogen, and Oxygen) are all elements that are involved in the gaseous cycle. The other options (a and c) do not include all three elements mentioned in the question.

Explanation
Oxygen is the correct answer because it is the most abundant chemical element in living organisms. It is a component of water and various organic molecules.

Explanation
The correct answer is b. Por la acción de la descomposición de los restos orgánicos, animales y vegetales. El nitrógeno que ha sido absorbido por las raíces de las plantas puede volver al suelo a través de la descomposición de los restos orgánicos, como animales y vegetales. Durante la descomposición, los microorganismos descomponen la materia orgánica y liberan nutrientes, incluyendo el nitrógeno, de vuelta al suelo. Esto permite que las plantas puedan volver a absorber el nitrógeno y utilizarlo para su crecimiento.

Explanation
The passage mentions that this cycle involves the capture of a constituent of amino acids from the roots or through the cell wall, which then becomes food for animals. After the death of these animals, the element returns to the soil, initiating a new cycle. This description matches the sulfur cycle, as sulfur is an essential component of amino acids and is cycled through the environment in a similar manner. Therefore, the correct answer is d. El ciclo del Azufre (The sulfur cycle).

Explanation
Phosphorus actively participates in the energy relationships that occur within organisms and is a component of phospholipids. Phospholipids are a type of lipid that make up the cell membrane and play a crucial role in maintaining its structure and function. They consist of a hydrophilic head and hydrophobic tails, which allow them to form a bilayer that acts as a barrier for the cell. Additionally, phospholipids are involved in cell signaling and transport processes. Therefore, the correct answer is a. Fosfolípidos.

Explanation
The correct answer is a. Ciclo Biológico y Ciclo Biogeoquímico. This is because the question is asking for the two cycles that make up the carbon cycle. The carbon cycle involves the movement of carbon through different processes, including biological processes and biogeochemical processes. The biological cycle refers to the movement of carbon through living organisms, such as plants and animals, while the biogeochemical cycle refers to the movement of carbon through the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere.

Explanation
The passage describes the process of the sun heating the surface water of the Earth, causing it to evaporate and form water vapor. This vapor then rises into the atmosphere, where it cools and condenses into small droplets. These droplets come together and grow until they become too heavy and fall back to the Earth as precipitation, such as rain. Some of the rain evaporates back into the atmosphere, while the rest infiltrates the ground and forms groundwater. This process is known as the water cycle, making option c, "Ciclo del Agua," the correct answer.

Explanation
The given statement is true. The biogeochemical cycle regulates the transfer of carbon between the atmosphere and the lithosphere, which includes the oceans and the soil. This cycle plays a crucial role in maintaining the balance of carbon in the Earth's systems and is essential for the functioning of ecosystems.

Explanation
En los nitritos y nitratos, el amoniaco se transforma en nitrógeno en forma de sales en el suelo. Esto es cierto ya que los nitritos y nitratos son compuestos que contienen nitrógeno y se utilizan como fuentes de nitrógeno para las plantas. El amoniaco, que es una forma tóxica de nitrógeno, se convierte en nitritos y nitratos a través de procesos biológicos y químicos en el suelo. Estas sales de nitrógeno son absorbidas por las raíces de las plantas y utilizadas para su crecimiento y desarrollo. Por lo tanto, la afirmación "En nitritos y nitratos se transforma el amoniaco para ser utilizado el nitrógeno en forma de sales en el suelo" es verdadera.

Explanation
The statement is false. In the atmosphere, nitrogen oxides and sulfur dioxide are converted into nitric acid and sulfuric acid, not uric acid. These acids can then combine with rain or snow to form acid rain.