Chest Injuries
Sustainment training for 68W in the area of chest injuries.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
Air is supplied to the lungs via the:
- A.
Esophagus
- B.
Trachea
- C.
Nares
- D.
Oropharnyx
Correct Answer
B. TracheaExplanation
The trachea is the correct answer because it is the tube that connects the larynx (voice box) to the bronchi in the lungs. It allows air to pass through and reach the lungs for respiration. The esophagus, on the other hand, is the tube that connects the throat to the stomach and is responsible for transporting food. The nares are the nostrils, which are the entry points for air into the nasal cavity. The oropharynx is the part of the throat that lies behind the mouth and is involved in both breathing and swallowing.Rate this question:
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- 2.
The ___________________ separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.
- A.
Diaphram.
- B.
Mediastinum
- C.
Xiphoid process
- D.
Inferior border of the ribs
Correct Answer
A. Diaphram.Explanation
The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. It plays a crucial role in respiration by contracting and relaxing to control the volume of the thoracic cavity, allowing for the inhalation and exhalation of air. The mediastinum is a central compartment within the thoracic cavity, but it does not separate the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity. The xiphoid process is a small piece of cartilage at the lower end of the sternum, and the inferior border of the ribs is the lower edge of the ribcage. Neither of these structures separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity.Rate this question:
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- 3.
On inhalation, all of the following occur, except:
- A.
The intercostal muscles contract, elevating the rib cage
- B.
The diaphragm contracts.
- C.
The pressure inside the chest increases.
- D.
Air enters through the nose and mouth
Correct Answer
C. The pressure inside the chest increases.Explanation
During inhalation, the intercostal muscles contract, which elevates the rib cage, and the diaphragm contracts. This creates more space in the chest cavity, causing the pressure inside the chest to decrease. As a result, air rushes in through the nose and mouth to equalize the pressure and fill the lungs with oxygen. Therefore, the statement "the pressure inside the chest increases" is incorrect as it contradicts the process of inhalation.Rate this question:
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- 4.
Common causes of dyspnea include:
- A.
Airway obstruction.
- B.
Lung compression.
- C.
Damage to the chest wall.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above" because dyspnea, which refers to difficulty in breathing or shortness of breath, can be caused by airway obstruction, lung compression, and damage to the chest wall. Airway obstruction can occur due to factors such as asthma, allergies, or a foreign object blocking the airway. Lung compression can be caused by conditions like pneumothorax or pleural effusion, where air or fluid accumulates in the pleural space, compressing the lungs. Damage to the chest wall, such as fractures or muscle strain, can also lead to dyspnea by impacting the normal expansion and contraction of the lungs during breathing.Rate this question:
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- 5.
The principle reason for concern about a patient who has a chest injury is:
- A.
Hemoptysis.
- B.
Cyanosis.
- C.
That the body has no means of storing oxygen.
- D.
A rapid, weak pulse and low blood pressure.
Correct Answer
C. That the body has no means of storing oxygen.Explanation
The correct answer is that the body has no means of storing oxygen. This is because oxygen is constantly needed by the body for various functions, including respiration and energy production. Unlike other substances, the body cannot store large amounts of oxygen for future use. Therefore, in the case of a chest injury, any disruption in the oxygen supply to the body can quickly lead to severe complications and potentially life-threatening situations.Rate this question:
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- 6.
A ______________________________ results when an injury allows air to enter through a hole in the chest wall or the surface of the lung as the patient attempts to breathe, causing the lung on that side to collapse.
- A.
Tension pneumothorax
- B.
Hemothrorax
- C.
Hemopneumothorax
- D.
Pneumothorax
Correct Answer
D. PneumothoraxExplanation
A pneumothorax occurs when air enters the chest cavity through a hole in the chest wall or lung surface, causing the lung on that side to collapse. This can happen due to an injury or trauma.Rate this question:
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- 7.
A sucking chest wound should be treated:
- A.
After assessing ABCs
- B.
After confirming mental status
- C.
Immediately by covering with a gloved hand, then an occlusive dressing.
- D.
By using a stack of gauze dressings.
Correct Answer
C. Immediately by covering with a gloved hand, then an occlusive dressing.Explanation
A sucking chest wound is a life-threatening injury that occurs when the chest wall is penetrated, causing air to be sucked into the chest cavity. The immediate treatment for a sucking chest wound is to cover it with a gloved hand in order to create an airtight seal and prevent further air from entering the chest cavity. This is followed by applying an occlusive dressing, such as plastic wrap or a specialized chest seal, to maintain the seal and allow the injured person to breathe properly. Assessing ABCs (airway, breathing, circulation) and confirming mental status are important steps in any medical emergency, but in the case of a sucking chest wound, immediate intervention to prevent further air from entering the chest cavity is crucial.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Common signs and symptoms of tension pneumothorax include.
- A.
Increasing respiratory distress.
- B.
Distended neck veins.
- C.
Tracheal deviation away from the injured site.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
The correct answer is "all of the above." This is because tension pneumothorax is a life-threatening condition that occurs when air accumulates in the pleural space, causing the lung to collapse and putting pressure on the heart and other structures in the chest. As the condition worsens, the individual may experience increasing respiratory distress, which can manifest as shortness of breath, rapid breathing, and decreased oxygen saturation. Distended neck veins may also be present due to the increased pressure in the chest, and tracheal deviation away from the injured site can occur as the collapsed lung pushes the trachea to the opposite side.Rate this question:
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- 9.
A hemothorax results from blood collecting in the pleural space from:
- A.
A bleeding rib cage.
- B.
A bleeding lung.
- C.
A bleeding great vessel.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
A hemothorax occurs when blood accumulates in the pleural space. This can happen due to bleeding from the rib cage, lung, or a great vessel. In the case of a bleeding rib cage, it could be a result of a fracture or injury to the ribs. A bleeding lung can occur due to trauma, infection, or certain medical conditions. Bleeding from a great vessel, such as the aorta or vena cava, can be caused by trauma or a ruptured aneurysm. Therefore, all of the options listed - bleeding rib cage, bleeding lung, and bleeding great vessel - can lead to a hemothorax.Rate this question:
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- 10.
A fractured rib that pentrates into the pleural space may lacerate the surface of the lung, causing a:
- A.
Tension pneumothorax.
- B.
Hemothorax.
- C.
Hemopneumothorax.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
A fractured rib that penetrates into the pleural space can cause multiple complications. It can lead to a tension pneumothorax, which is the accumulation of air in the pleural space that causes the lung to collapse and puts pressure on the heart and other structures. It can also cause a hemothorax, which is the accumulation of blood in the pleural space, and a hemopneumothorax, which is a combination of air and blood in the pleural space. Therefore, all of the given options are correct as they represent the different possible complications that can occur in this scenario.Rate this question:
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- 11.
In what is called a paradoxical movement, the detached portion of the chest wall:
- A.
Moves opposite of normal.
- B.
Moves out instead of in during inhalation.
- C.
Moves in instead of out during expriation.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
A. Moves opposite of normal.Explanation
The detached portion of the chest wall moves opposite of normal. This means that instead of moving in the expected direction during breathing, it moves in the opposite direction. This paradoxical movement can occur due to various reasons, such as a rib fracture or a condition known as flail chest. In these cases, the detached portion of the chest wall moves inward during inhalation and outward during exhalation, which is the opposite of the normal movement.Rate this question:
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- 12.
Traumatic asphyxia:
- A.
Is bruising of the lung.
- B.
Occurs when three or more adjacent ribs are fracture in two or more places.
- C.
Is a sudden, severe compression of the chest.
- D.
All of the above
Correct Answer
C. Is a sudden, severe compression of the chest.Explanation
The correct answer is "is a sudden, severe compression of the chest." Traumatic asphyxia refers to a condition where there is a sudden and severe compression of the chest. This compression can occur due to a variety of causes, such as being crushed by a heavy object or being involved in a motor vehicle accident. It leads to a lack of oxygen supply to the body, resulting in symptoms like difficulty breathing, chest pain, and cyanosis. Bruising of the lung and multiple rib fractures are not specific to traumatic asphyxia and can occur in other types of injuries.Rate this question:
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- 13.
Traumatic asphyxia results in a very characteristic appearance, including:
- A.
Distended neck veins.
- B.
Cyanosis.
- C.
Hemorrahge into the sclera of the eye.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
Traumatic asphyxia occurs when there is a sudden and severe compression of the chest, leading to a lack of oxygen supply to the body. This condition is characterized by distended neck veins, which occur due to the increased pressure in the veins caused by the compression. Cyanosis, a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes, is also seen in traumatic asphyxia due to the lack of oxygen. Additionally, hemorrhage into the sclera of the eye can occur as a result of the increased pressure in the blood vessels. Therefore, all of the given options are characteristic features of traumatic asphyxia.Rate this question:
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- 14.
Signs and symptoms of a pericardial tamponade include:
- A.
Low blood pressure.
- B.
A weak pulse.
- C.
Muffled heart tones.
- D.
All of the above.
Correct Answer
D. All of the above.Explanation
The signs and symptoms of a pericardial tamponade include low blood pressure, a weak pulse, and muffled heart tones. These symptoms occur because a pericardial tamponade is a condition where fluid accumulates in the pericardial sac, putting pressure on the heart and restricting its ability to pump blood effectively. As a result, the blood pressure drops, the pulse becomes weak, and the heart sounds are muffled. Therefore, all of the above options are correct signs and symptoms of a pericardial tamponade.Rate this question:
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- 15.
Large blood vessels in the chest that can result in massive hemorrhaging include all of the following EXCEPT:
- A.
The pulmonary arteries.
- B.
The femoral arteries.
- C.
The aorta.
- D.
Jfour main pumonary veins.
Correct Answer
B. The femoral arteries.Explanation
The question asks for the large blood vessels in the chest that can result in massive hemorrhaging, excluding one option. The correct answer is "the femoral arteries." The femoral arteries are not located in the chest but rather in the lower body, specifically in the groin area. Therefore, they are not included in the list of large blood vessels in the chest that can cause massive bleeding.Rate this question:
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Mar 22, 2023Quiz Edited by
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Sep 12, 2009Quiz Created by
Willallen
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