Ch. 24 SEC. 2 South Africa History & Culture

Explanation
The Bantu group migrated to Southern Africa about 2,000 years ago. The Bantu people are a diverse group of ethnicities and languages, with a common origin in West Africa. They gradually moved southward, spreading their agricultural practices and ironworking skills. This migration greatly influenced the cultural and linguistic landscape of Southern Africa, as the Bantu people interacted with and assimilated local populations. The Bantu migration is considered one of the largest population movements in history and has had a lasting impact on the region.

Explanation
The Shona people are well-known for their stone-walled capital, which is referred to as Great Zimbabwe. This historical site is located in present-day Zimbabwe and is renowned for its impressive stone structures, including walls and towers. It served as a political, economic, and cultural center for the Shona civilization, showcasing their advanced architectural and engineering skills. Great Zimbabwe is considered a significant archaeological site and a symbol of Zimbabwean national identity.

Explanation
The Dutch were the first Europeans to settle in the region in 1652. This is historically accurate as the Dutch East India Company established a trading post at Cape of Good Hope in 1652, which marked the beginning of Dutch settlement in the region that would later become South Africa. The settlement served as a refreshment station for Dutch ships traveling to the East Indies, and it gradually developed into a colony known as Cape Colony.

Explanation
Afrikaners refers to the Dutch, French, and German settlers and their descendants in South Africa. They are a distinct ethnic group with their own language, culture, and history. The term "Afrikaners" originated from the Dutch word "Afrikaans," which means "African." This term accurately identifies the specific group of settlers and their descendants in South Africa, distinguishing them from other ethnic groups such as the Zulu, Khoisan, and Tswana.

Explanation
The correct answer is apartheid, which refers to the policy implemented by the South African government that segregated races into four distinct groups. This policy enforced racial discrimination and inequality, with different rights and privileges assigned to each racial group. Apartheid was a system of institutionalized racial segregation and oppression that existed in South Africa from 1948 to 1994. It aimed to maintain white minority rule and control over the majority non-white population.