Bio Chapter 45 Section I
Chapter 45 hormones and endocrine system section I
- 1.
Molecule that is secreted into the extracellular fluid, circulates in blood or hemolymph, and communicates regulatory messages throughout the body.
- 2.
One of 2 basic systems for communication and regulation throughout the body.
- 3.
System of communication and regulation. function is chemical signaling
- 4.
Endocrine system has hormones that are secreted by endocrine cells. they regulate
- A.
Reproduction, energy metabolism, muscle cells, and growth
- B.
Reproduction, development, neurons, muscle cells, growth and behavior
- C.
Reproduction, development, energy metabolism, growth and behavior
- D.
Other cells, neurons, muscle cells, and endocrine cells
Correct Answer
C. Reproduction, development, energy metabolism, growth and behavior -
- 5.
One of two major communication and control systems. network of specialized cells(neurons) that transmit signals along dedicated pathways.
Correct Answer
nervous system - 6.
Nervous system transmits signals. these signals regulate
- A.
Reproduction, energy metabolism, muscle cells, and growth
- B.
Reproduction, development, neurons, muscle cells, growth and behavior
- C.
Reproduction, development, energy metabolism, growth and behavior
- D.
Other cells, neurons, muscle cells, and endocrine cells
Correct Answer
D. Other cells, neurons, muscle cells, and endocrine cells -
- 7.
Hormones and other signaling molecules trigger responses by binding to specific receptor proteins in or on target cells
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 8.
Other endocrine cells are grouped in ductless organs called
Correct Answer
endocrine glands - 9.
Exocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the surrounding fluid.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the surrounding fluid.Rate this question:
-
- 10.
These carry secreted substances onto body surfaces or into body cavities
- A.
Endocrine glands
- B.
Exocrine glands
Correct Answer
B. Exocrine glands -
- 11.
Secreted molecules that act over short distances and reach their target cells solely by diffusion
Correct Answer
local regulators - 12.
Local regulators function in the ________and _________signaling (do not put comma in answer)
Correct Answer
paracrine autocrine
autocrine paracrine - 13.
In_______signaling, target cells lie near the secreting cell
Correct Answer
paracrine - 14.
In_________signaling, the secreted molecules act on the secreting cell itself
Correct Answer
autocrine - 15.
Neurons communicate with target cells, such as other neurons and muscle cells, at specialized junctions known as__________.
Correct Answer
synapses - 16.
At many synapses, neurons secrete molecules called_______________that diffuse a very short distance to bind receptors on the target cells.
Correct Answer
neurotransmitters - 17.
These molecules that travel through the bloodstream to reach target cells, are a class of hormones called_______
Correct Answer
neurohormones - 18.
Chemicals released into the external environment. one function is warning of predators
Correct Answer
pheromones - 19.
Functions of pheromones
- A.
Marking trails leading to food
- B.
Aid in building thick fur in winter conditions
- C.
Defining territories
- D.
Warning of predators
- E.
Attracting potential mates
Correct Answer(s)
A. Marking trails leading to food
C. Defining territories
D. Warning of predators
E. Attracting potential mates -
- 20.
Hormones are often divided into three groups: Polypeptides, amines, and proteins.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
Polypeptides, amines and steroids....proteins and peptides make up polypeptidesRate this question:
-
- 21.
Like most hormones, insulin is formed by __________ of a larger protein chain.
Correct Answer
cleavage - 22.
Name one amine hormone that is synthesized from a single amino acid, either tyrosine or tryptophan.
Correct Answer
epinephrine
thyroxine - 23.
Steroid hormones, such as cortisol, are lipids that contain four fused carbon rings.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 24.
Polypeptides and many amine hormones are water-soluble.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
A. True -
- 25.
Steroid(Cortisol) and Thyroxine are
- A.
Lipid-soluble
- B.
Water-soluble
Correct Answer
A. Lipid-soluble -
- 26.
Polypeptide(Insulin) and Epinephrine are
- A.
Lipid-soluble
- B.
Water-soluble
Correct Answer
B. Water-soluble -
- 27.
Water-soluble hormones are secreted by_____
Correct Answer
exocytosis - 28.
The binding of a water-soluble hormone to a signal receptor protein triggers events at the plasma membrane that result in a ____________response.
Correct Answer
cellular - 29.
The cellular response may be the activation of an enzyme, a change in the uptake or secretion of specific molecules, or a rearrangement of the __________.
Correct Answer
cytoskeleton - 30.
In addition, some cell-surface receptors cause proteins in the cytoplasm to move into the_________and alter transcription of specific genes.
Correct Answer
nucleus - 31.
The series of changes in cellular proteins that converts the extracellular chemical signal to a specific intracellular response is called
Correct Answer
signal transduction - 32.
When_________reaches liver cells, it binds to a G protein-coupled receptor in the plasma membrane.
Correct Answer
epinephrine - 33.
You are trying to catch a bus. What happens to your body to provide you with the fuel to chase the bus?
- A.
Adrenal glands secrete epinephrine, Bind to G-protein, Synthesis of cAMP, activation of enzyme required for glycogen breakdown, inactivation of enzyme for glycogen synthesis, liver releases glucose into bloodstream.
- B.
Adrenal glands secrete epinephrine, Bind to G-protein, Synthesis of cAMP, activation of enzyme required for glycogen breakdown, inactivation of enzyme for glycogen synthesis, liver releases epinephrine into bloodstream.
- C.
Adrenal glands secrete epinephrine, Synthesis of cAMP, Bind to G-protein, activation of enzyme required for glycogen breakdown, inactivation of enzyme for glycogen synthesis, liver releases glucose into bloodstream.
Correct Answer
A. Adrenal glands secrete epinephrine, Bind to G-protein, Synthesis of cAMP, activation of enzyme required for glycogen breakdown, inactivation of enzyme for glycogen synthesis, liver releases glucose into bloodstream. -
- 34.
What is referred to as a short-lived "second messenger"?
Correct Answer
cAMP
cyclic AMP
cyclic amp - 35.
The hormone activates the_______, which then directly triggers the cell's response.
Correct Answer
receptor - 36.
In most cases, the response to a water-soluble hormone is a change in gene expression.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
In most cases, the response to lipid-soluble hormone is a change in gene expression.Rate this question:
-
- 37.
Steroid hormone receptors are located in the_______prior to binding to a hormone.
Correct Answer
cytosol - 38.
A polypeptide local regulator that plays a role in immune system responses and most growth factors.
Correct Answer
cytokines - 39.
Stimulate cell proliferation and differentiation
Correct Answer
growth factors - 40.
This gas consists of nitrogen double-bonded to oxygen, serves in the body as both a neurotransmitter and a local regulator.
Correct Answer
nitric oxide - 41.
When the level of oxygen in the blood falls, endothelial cells in blood vessel walls synthesize and release___.
Correct Answer
NO
nitric oxide - 42.
A group of local regulators called________are modified fatty acids.
Correct Answer
prostaglandins - 43.
In human males, the ability of NO to promote vasodilation enable sexual function by increasing blood flow into the penis, producing an...
Correct Answer
erection - 44.
Woman says to man, "Oh baby, I just want your prostiglandins to stimulate the smooth muscles of my uterine wall to contract." translation
Correct Answer
impregnate me - 45.
In childbirth, epinephrine-secreting cells of the placenta cause nearby muscles of the uterus to become more excitable, helping to induce labor.
- A.
True
- B.
False
Correct Answer
B. FalseExplanation
In childbirth, prostiglandin-secreting cells of the placenta cause nearby muscles of the uterus to become more excitable, helping to induce labor.Rate this question:
-
Quiz Review Timeline +
Our quizzes are rigorously reviewed, monitored and continuously updated by our expert board to maintain accuracy, relevance, and timeliness.
-
Current Version
-
Mar 16, 2022Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Mar 03, 2011Quiz Created by
Ncannatella
Back to top