Anatomy Midterm Exam

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1. A patient experiences weakness in dorsifl exing and inverting the foot. Which of the following muscles is damaged?
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Anatomy Midterm Exam - Quiz

For the last while, you’ve been learning all about the inner workings of the human body, and it’s time to finally put your newfound knowledge to the test in this Anatomy Midterm Exam! What do you know about the study? Let’s take a look right now and find out!

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2. A 67-year-old patient has been given a course of antibiotics by gluteal intramuscular injections after a major abdominal surgery. To avoid damaging the sciatic nerve during an injection, the needle should be inserted into which of the following areas?
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3. A patient with a deep knife wound in the buttock walks with a waddling gait that is characterized by the pelvis falling toward one side at each step. Which of the following nerves is damaged?
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4. A 35-year-old man has difficulty in dorsiflexing the foot. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
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5. An 18-year-old boy involved in an automobile accident presents with arm that cannot abduct. His paralysis is caused by damage to which of the following nerves?
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6. A 16 year-old boy fell from a motorcycle, and his radial nerve was severely damaged because of a fracture of the midshaft of the humerus. Which of the following conditions would most likely result from this accident?
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7. An injury to the leg of a golfer results in loss of the ability to invert the foot. Which of the following muscles is most likely paralyzed?
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8. A 31-year-old patient complains of sensory loss over the anterior and posterior surfaces of the medial third of the hand and the medial one and one-half fingers. He is diagnosed by a physician as having "funny bone" symptoms. Which of the following nerves is injured?
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9. A 27-year-old pianist with a known carpal tunnel syndrome experiences difficulty in finger movements. Which of the following intrinsic muscles of her hand is paralyzed?
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10. Questions 58–62: A 17-year-old boy is injured in an automobile accident. He has a fracture of the shaft of the humerus.   58. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
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11. A man is unable to hold typing paper between his index and middle fingers. Which of the following nerves was likely injured?
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12. A 21-year-old woman walks in with a shoulder and arm injury after falling during horseback riding. Examination indicates that she cannot adduct her arm because of paralysis of which of the following muscles?
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13. 17. Fracture of the neck of the femur results in avascular necrosis of the femoral head, probably resulting from lack of blood supply from which of the following arteries?
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14. A 27-year-old patient presents with an inability to draw the scapula forward and downward because of paralysis of the pectoralis minor. Which of the following would most likely be a cause of his condition?
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15. A patient with Bennett's fracture (a fracture of the base of the fi rst metacarpal bone) experiences an impaired thumb movement. Which of the following intrinsic muscles of the thumb is most likely injured?
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16. A 23-year-old man complains of numbness on the medial side of the arm following a stab wound in the axilla. On examination, he is diagnosed with an injury of his medial brachial cutaneous nerve. In which of the following structures are the cell bodies of the damaged nerve involved in numbness located?
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17. A 22-year-old patient is unable to "unlock" the knee joint to permit flexion of the leg. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
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18. A 17-year-old boy fell from his motorcycle and complains of numbness of the lateral part of the arm. Examination reveals that the axillary nerve is severed. Which of the following types of axons is most likely spared?
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19. A 21-year-old patient has a lesion of the upper trunk of the brachial plexus (Erb– Duchenne paralysis). Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?
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20. Questions 31–35: A 20-year-old college student receives a severe blow on the inferolateral side of the left knee joint while playing football. Radiographic examination reveals a fracture of the head and neck of the fibula.   31. Which of the following nerves is damaged?
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21. A 22-year-old patient received a stab wound in the chest that injured the intercostobrachial nerve. Which of the following conditions results from the described lesion of the nerve?
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22. A 35-year-old man walks in with a stab wound to the most medial side of the proximal portion of the cubital fossa. Which of the following structures would most likely be damaged?
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23. 18. If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior margin by dislocation of the hip joint, which of the following bones could be involved?
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24. A man injures his wrist on broken glass. Which of the following structures entering the palm superfi cial to the fl exor retinaculum may be damaged?
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25. A 17-year-old boy with a stab wound received multiple injuries on the upper part of the arm and required surgery. If the brachial artery were ligated at its origin, which of the following arteries would supply blood to the profunda brachii artery?
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26. The obturator nerve and the sciatic (tibial portion) nerve of a 15-year-old boy are transected as a result of a motorcycle accident. This injury would result in complete paralysis of which of the following muscles?
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27. 57. During the procedure, the needle hits a nerve medial to the artery. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
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28. The police bring in a murder suspect who has been in a gunfi ght with a police offi cer. The suspect was struck by a bullet in the arm; his median nerve has been damaged. Which of the following symptoms is likely produced by this nerve damage?
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29. A 25-year-old gladiator sustains a penetrating injury that severs the superficial peroneal nerve. This will most likely cause paralysis of which of the following muscles?
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30. A 29-year-old man comes in with a stab wound, cannot raise his arm above horizontal, and exhibits a condition known as "winged scapula." Which of the following structures of the brachial plexus would most likely be damaged?
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31. 53. The damaged nerve causes numbness of the lateral side of the arm. Cell bodies of the injured nerve fibers involved in sensory loss are located in which of the following structures?
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32. A patient bleeding from the shoulder secondary to a knife wound is in fair condition because there is vascular anastomosis around the shoulder. Which of the following arteries is most likely a direct branch of the subclavian artery that is involved in the anastomosis?
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33. During a breast examination of a 56-year-old woman, the physician found a palpable mass in her breast. Which of the following characteristics of breast cancer and its diagnosis is correct?
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34. A 14-year-old boy falls on his outstretched hand and has a fracture of the scaphoid bone. The fracture is most likely accompanied by a rupture of which of the following arteries?
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35. A patient comes in with a gunshot wound and requires surgery in which his thoracoacromial trunk needs to be ligated. Which of the following arterial branches would maintain normal blood fl ow?
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36. 33. If the lateral (fibular) collateral ligament is torn by this fracture, which of the following conditions may occur?
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37. 35. Which of the following conditions would occur from this fracture?
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38. A 32-year-old carpenter fell from the roof. The lateral longitudinal arch of his foot was flattened from fracture and displacement of the keystone for the arch. Which of the following bones is damaged?
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39. 55. Following this accident, the boy has weakness in rotating his arm laterally. Which of the following muscles are paralyzed?
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40. Questions 56 and 57: A 64-year-old man with a history of liver cirrhosis has been examined for hepatitis A, B, and C viruses. In an attempt to obtain a blood sample from the patient's median cubital vein, a registered nurse inadvertently procures arterial blood.   56. The blood most likely comes from which of the following arteries?
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41. While playing football, a 19-year-old college student receives a twisting injury to his knee when being tackled from the lateral side. Which of the following conditions most likely has occurred?
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42. A 27-year-old man with cubital tunnel syndrome complains of numbness and tingling in the ring and little fi nger and back and sides of his hand because of damage to a nerve in the tunnel at the elbow. Which of the following muscles is most likely to be paralyzed?
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43. The victim of an automobile accident has a destructive injury of the proximal row of carpal bones. Which of the following bones is most likely damaged?
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44. 62. After this accident, supination is still possible through contraction of which of the following muscles?
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45. A 49-year-old woman is diagnosed as having a large lump in her right breast. Lymph from the cancerous breast drains primarily into which of the following nodes?
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46. A 24-year-old woman complains of weakness when she extends her thigh and rotates it laterally. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed?
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47. Questions 51–55: A 10-year-old boy falls off his bike, has difficulty in moving his shoulder, and is brought to an emergency department. His radiogram and angiogram reveal fracture of the surgical neck of his humerus and bleeding from the point of the fracture.   51. Which of the following nerves is most likely injured as a result of this accident?
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48. A patient comes in complaining that she cannot fl ex her proximal interphalangeal joints. Which of the following muscles appear(s) to be paralyzed on further examination of her finger?
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49. A secretary comes in to your offi ce complaining of pain in her wrists from typing all day. You determine that she likely has carpal tunnel syndrome. Which of the following conditions would help you determine the diagnosis?
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50. A 52-year-old woman slipped and fell and now complains of being unable to extend her leg at the knee joint. Which of the following muscles was paralyzed as a result of this accident?
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51. A 27-year-old baseball player is hit on his forearm by a high-speed ball during the World Series, and the muscles that form the floor of the cubital fossa appear to be torn. Which of the following groups of muscles have lost their functions?
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52. A patient presents with a thrombosis in the popliteal vein. This thrombosis most likely causes reduction of blood flow in which of the following veins?
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53. 54. This accident most likely leads to damage of which of the following arteries?
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54. A motorcyclist falls from his bike in an accident and gets a deep gash that severs the superficial peroneal nerve near its origin. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed?
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55. A patient has a torn rotator cuff of the shoulder joint as the result of an automobile accident. Which of the following muscle tendons is intact and has normal function?
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56. A construction worker suffers a destructive injury of the structures related to the anatomic snuffbox. Which of the following structures would most likely be damaged?
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57. A 22-year-old female Macarena dancer fell from the stage and complains of elbow pain and inability to supinate her forearm. Which of the following nerves are most likely injured from this accident?
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58. Questions 16–20: A 62-year-old woman slips and falls on the bathroom fl oor. As a result, she has a posterior dislocation of the hip joint and a fracture of the neck of the femur.   16. Rupture of the ligamentum teres capitis femoris may lead to damage to a branch of which of the following arteries?
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59. A 10-year-old boy falls from a tree house. The resultant heavy compression of the sole of his foot against the ground caused a fracture of the head of the talus. Which of the following structures is unable to function normally?
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60. A 21-year-old tennis player comes to an emergency room and complains of pain in the knee joint. On examination, he has an infection inside the knee joint capsule but outside the synovial cavity. Which of the following structures is preserved from this infection?
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61. A patient is unable to prevent anterior displacement of the femur on the tibia when the knee is flexed. Which of the following ligaments is most likely damaged?
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62. A patient with a stab wound receives a laceration of the musculocutaneous nerve. Which of the following conditions is most likely to have occurred?
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63. A 27-year-old patient exhibits a loss of skin sensation and paralysis of muscles on the plantar aspect of the medial side of the foot. Which of the following nerves is most likely damaged?
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64. A construction worker is hit on the leg with a concrete block and is subsequently unable to plantar fl ex and invert his foot. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
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65. 50. After this injury, the patient is unable to do which of the following?
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66. A 14-year-old gymnastic silver medalist falls from the parallel bar and complains of pains from the knee and ankle joints. On physical examination, her physician found that the muscle responsible for flexing the leg at the knee joint and plantar flexing the foot is severely weakened. Which of the following muscles involved in both movements was most likely damaged in this accident?
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67. A 17-year-old boy was stabbed during a gang fi ght resulting in transection of the obturator nerve. Which of the following muscles is completely paralyzed?
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68. A 47-year-old woman is unable to invert her foot after she stumbled on her driveway. Which of the following nerves are most likely injured?
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69. 60. Following this accident, the patient has no cutaneous sensation in which of the following areas?
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70. A patient presents with sensory loss on adjacent sides of the great and second toes and impaired dorsiflexion of the foot. These signs probably indicate damage to which of the following nerves?
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71. A rock climber falls on his shoulder, resulting in a chipping off of the lesser tubercle of the humerus. Which of the following structures would most likely have structural and functional damage?
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72. An automobile body shop worker has his middle finger crushed while working on a transmission. Which of the following muscles is most likely to retain function?
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73. A 31-year-old roofer walks in with tenosynovitis resulting from a deep penetrated wound in the palm by a big nail. Examination indicates that he has an infection in the ulnar bursa. This infection most likely resulted in necrosis of which of the following tendons?
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74. An elderly woman fell at home and fractured the greater trochanter of her femur. Which of the following muscles would continue to function normally?
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75. 32. After injury to this nerve, which of the following muscles could be paralyzed?
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76. A 24-year-old woman presents to her physician with weakness in flexing the hip joint and extending the knee joint. Which muscle is most likely involved in this scenario?
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77. A 29-year-old patient comes in; he cannot fl ex the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint of the index finger. His physician determines that he has nerve damage from a supracondylar fracture. Which of the following conditions is also a symptom of this nerve damage?
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78. A 23-year-old woman who receives a deep cut to her ring fi nger by a kitchen knife is unable to move the metacarpophalangeal joint. Which of the following pairs of nerves was damaged?
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79. Before knee surgery, a surgeon ligates arteries participating in the anastomosis around the knee joint. Which of the following arteries is most likely spared?
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80. A 38-year-old homebuilder was involved in an accident and is unable to supinate his forearm. Which of the following nerves are most likely damaged?
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81. Questions 48–50: A 21-year-old man injures his right arm in an automobile accident. Radiographic examination reveals a fracture of the medial epicondyle of the humerus. 48. Which of the following nerves is most likely injured as a result of this accident?
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82. 46. Which of the following muscles causes upward displacement of the medial fragment?
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83. A 12-year-old boy walks in; he fell out of a tree and fractured the upper portion of his humerus. Which of the following nerves are intimately related to the humerus and are most likely to be injured by such a fracture?
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84. 20. The woman undergoes hip surgery. If all of the arteries that are part of the cruciate anastomosis of the upper thigh are ligated, which of the following arteries maintains blood fl ow?
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85. A 34-year-old woman sustains a deep cut on the dorsum of the foot just distal to her ankle joint by a falling kitchen knife. A physician in the emergency department has ligated the dorsalis pedis artery proximal to the injured area. Which of the following conditions most likely occurs as a result of the injury?
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86. A 16-year-old patient has weakness fl exing the metacarpophalangeal joint of the ring fi nger and is unable to adduct the same fi nger. Which of the following muscles is most likely paralyzed?
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87. A 24-year-old carpenter suffers a crush injury of his entire little finger. Which of the following muscles is most likely to be spared?
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88. A patient experiences paralysis of the muscle that originates from the femur and contributes directly to the stability of the knee joint. Which of the following muscles is involved?
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89. 52. Following this accident, the damaged nerve causes difficulty in abduction, extension, and lateral rotation of his arm. Cell bodies of the injured nerve involved in movement of his arm are located in which of the following structures?
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90. A 20-year-old man fell from the parallel bar during the Olympic trial. A neurologic examination reveals that he has a lesion of the lateral cord of the brachial plexus. Which of the following muscles is most likely weakened by this injury?
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91. A thoracic surgeon is going to collect a portion of the greater saphenous vein for coronary bypass surgery. He has observed that this vein runs:
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92. A 72-year-old woman complains of a cramp-like pain in her thigh and leg. She was diagnosed as having a severe intermittent claudication. Following surgery, an infection was found in the adductor canal, damaging the enclosed structures. Which of the following structures remains intact?
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93. A 28-year-old basketball player falls while rebounding and is unable to run and jump. On physical examination, he has pain and weakness when extending his thigh and flexing his leg. Which muscle involved in both movements is most likely injured?
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94. A 52-year-old woman comes to an orthopedic surgeon complaining of an uncomfortable feeling in her knee and ankle joints. After a thorough examination, she is diagnosed as having arthritis with mild discomfort with passive movements. The muscles acting at the ankle joint appear normal with good strength. Which muscle can both dorsiflex and invert her foot?
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95. A patient has weakness when flexing both her thigh and leg. Which of the following muscles is most likely injured?
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96. 47.  Which of the following conditions is most likely to occur secondary to the fractured clavicle?
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97. A 41-year-old man was involved in a fi ght and felt weakness in extending the knee joint. On examination, he was diagnosed with a lesion of the femoral nerve. Which of the following symptoms would be a result of this nerve damage?
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98. A patient is involved in a motorcycle wreck that results in avulsion of the skin over the anterolateral leg and ankle. Which of the following structures is most likely destroyed with this type of injury?
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99. 49. Which of the following muscles is most likely paralyzed as a result of this accident?
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100. A 7-year-old boy falls from a tree house and is brought to the emergency department of a local hospital. On examination, he has weakness in rotating his arm laterally because of an injury of a nerve. Which of the following conditions is most likely to cause a loss of this nerve function?
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101. A basketball player was hit in the thigh by an opponent's knee. Which of the following arteries is likely to compress and cause ischemia because of the bruise and damage to the extensor muscles of the leg?
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102. A patient with a deep stab wound in the middle of the forearm has impaired movement of the thumb. Examination indicates a lesion of the anterior interosseous nerve. Which of the following muscles is paralyzed?
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103. 61. Which of the following arteries may be damaged?
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104. A construction worker falls feet fi rst from a roof. He sustains a fracture of the groove on the undersurface of the sustentaculum tali of the calcaneus bone. Which of the following muscle tendons is most likely torn?
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105. An orthopedic surgeon ligates the posterior tibial artery at its origin. Which of the following arteries has no blood fl ow immediately after the ligation?
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106. 34. Which of the following arteries could also be damaged by this fracture?
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107. A patient complains of having pain with repeated movements of his thumb (claudication). His physician performs the Allen test and fi nds an insuffi ciency of the radial artery. Which of the following conditions would be a result of the radial artery stenosis?
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108. A 21-year-old man was involved in a motorcycle accident, resulting in destruction of the groove in the lower surface of the cuboid bone. Which of the following muscle tendons is most likely damaged?
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109. Questions 45–47: A 37-year-old female patient has a fracture of the clavicle. The junction of the middle and lateral thirds of the bone exhibits overriding of the medial and lateral fragments. The arm is rotated medially, but it is not rotated laterally.   45. The lateral portion of the fractured clavicle is displaced downward by which of the following?
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110. 19. The woman experiences weakness when abducting and medially rotating the thigh after this accident. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
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111. A 20-year-old patient cannot fl ex and medially rotate the thigh while running and climbing. Which of the following muscles is most likely damaged?
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112. 59. As a result of this fracture, the patient shows lack of sweating on the back of the arm and forearm. Cell bodies of the damaged nerve fibers involved in sweating are located in which of the following structures?
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113. A knife wound penetrates the superfi cial vein that terminates in the popliteal vein. Bleeding occurs from which of the following vessels?
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114. A patient with hereditary blood clotting problems presents with pain in the back of her knee. An arteriogram reveals a blood clot in the popliteal artery at its proximal end. Which of the following arteries will allow blood to reach the foot?
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A patient experiences weakness in dorsifl...
A 67-year-old patient has been given a...
A patient with a deep knife wound in the...
A 35-year-old man has difficulty in dorsiflexing the foot. Which of...
An 18-year-old boy involved in an automobile...
A 16 year-old boy fell from a motorcycle,...
An injury to the leg of a golfer results in...
A 31-year-old patient complains of sensory...
A 27-year-old pianist with a known carpal...
Questions 58–62: A 17-year-old boy is injured...
A man is unable to hold typing paper...
A 21-year-old woman walks in with a...
17. Fracture of the neck of the femur results...
A 27-year-old patient presents with an...
A patient with Bennett's fracture (a fracture...
A 23-year-old man complains of numbness...
A 22-year-old patient is unable to...
A 17-year-old boy fell from his motorcycle...
A 21-year-old patient has a lesion of the...
Questions 31–35: A 20-year-old college student...
A 22-year-old patient received a stab...
A 35-year-old man walks in with a stab...
18. If the acetabulum is fractured at its posterosuperior...
A man injures his wrist on broken glass....
A 17-year-old boy with a stab wound...
The obturator nerve and the sciatic (tibial...
57. During the procedure, the needle hits a...
The police bring in a murder suspect...
A 25-year-old gladiator sustains a penetrating...
A 29-year-old man comes in with a stab...
53. The damaged nerve causes numbness of...
A patient bleeding from the shoulder...
During a breast examination of a...
A 14-year-old boy falls on his outstretched...
A patient comes in with a gunshot wound...
33. If the lateral (fibular) collateral ligament...
35. Which of the following conditions would...
A 32-year-old carpenter fell from the...
55. Following this accident, the boy has...
Questions 56 and 57: A 64-year-old man...
While playing football, a 19-year-old...
A 27-year-old man with cubital tunnel...
The victim of an automobile accident...
62. After this accident, supination is still...
A 49-year-old woman is diagnosed as...
A 24-year-old woman complains of...
Questions 51–55: A 10-year-old boy falls off...
A patient comes in complaining that she...
A secretary comes in to your offi ce complaining...
A 52-year-old woman slipped and fell...
A 27-year-old baseball player is hit on his...
A patient presents with a thrombosis in...
54. This accident most likely leads to damage...
A motorcyclist falls from his bike in an...
A patient has a torn rotator cuff of the...
A construction worker suffers a destructive...
A 22-year-old female Macarena dancer...
Questions 16–20: A 62-year-old woman slips...
A 10-year-old boy falls from a tree house....
A 21-year-old tennis player comes to an...
A patient is unable to prevent anterior...
A patient with a stab wound receives a...
A 27-year-old patient exhibits a loss of...
A construction worker is hit on the leg...
50. After this injury, the patient is unable to...
A 14-year-old gymnastic silver medalist...
A 17-year-old boy was stabbed during a...
A 47-year-old woman is unable to invert...
60. Following this accident, the patient has...
A patient presents with sensory loss on...
A rock climber falls on his shoulder,...
An automobile body shop worker has his...
A 31-year-old roofer walks in with tenosynovitis...
An elderly woman fell at home and fractured...
32. After injury to this nerve, which of the...
A 24-year-old woman presents to her...
A 29-year-old patient comes in; he cannot...
A 23-year-old woman who receives a...
Before knee surgery, a surgeon ligates...
A 38-year-old homebuilder was involved...
Questions 48–50: A 21-year-old man injures...
46. Which of the following muscles causes...
A 12-year-old boy walks in; he fell out of...
20. The woman undergoes hip surgery. If all...
A 34-year-old woman sustains a deep cut...
A 16-year-old patient has weakness fl exing...
A 24-year-old carpenter suffers a crush...
A patient experiences paralysis of the...
52. Following this accident, the damaged...
A 20-year-old man fell from the parallel...
A thoracic surgeon is going to collect a...
A 72-year-old woman complains of a...
A 28-year-old basketball player falls...
A 52-year-old woman comes to an orthopedic...
A patient has weakness when flexing...
47.  Which of the following conditions is...
A 41-year-old man was involved in a fi ght...
A patient is involved in a motorcycle...
49. Which of the following muscles is most...
A 7-year-old boy falls from a tree house...
A basketball player was hit in the thigh...
A patient with a deep stab wound in the...
61. Which of the following arteries may be damaged?
A construction worker falls feet fi rst...
An orthopedic surgeon ligates the posterior...
34. Which of the following arteries could...
A patient complains of having pain with...
A 21-year-old man was involved in a...
Questions 45–47: A 37-year-old female...
19. The woman experiences weakness when...
A 20-year-old patient cannot fl ex and...
59. As a result of this fracture, the patient...
A knife wound penetrates the superfi cial...
A patient with hereditary blood clotting...
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