Additional Fission And Fusion
Fusion and fission are totally different in how they take place but all end up in production of energy. While one involves the splitting of large unstable nucleus the other involves combination of nuclei. How conversant are you with these two reactions? Take up this quiz and review what you know so far!
- 1.
A simple description of an electron is:-
- A.
Positive charged particle found in the Nucleus, mass of 1
- B.
Negative charged particle found in the nucleus, mass of 1
- C.
Neutral particle found in the nucleus, mass of 1
- D.
Positive charged particle found in the shells, mass 1/2000
- E.
Negative charged particle found in the shells, mass 1/2000
Correct Answer
E. Negative charged particle found in the shells, mass 1/2000Explanation
An electron is a negatively charged particle found in the shells of an atom. It has a very small mass compared to other particles, with a mass of 1/2000.Rate this question:
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- 2.
When Rutherford fired ALPHA particles at GOLD atoms he found most of the particles went straight through. His conclusion from this observation was:-
- A.
The ALPHA particles broke holes through the GOLD
- B.
There were gaps between the GOLD atoms
- C.
The GOLD atoms were mostly empty space
- D.
The GOLD atoms had gaps in them
- E.
The GOLD was not pure
Correct Answer
C. The GOLD atoms were mostly empty spaceExplanation
When Rutherford fired ALPHA particles at GOLD atoms and observed that most of the particles went straight through, he concluded that the GOLD atoms were mostly empty space. This can be inferred because if the particles were able to pass through the atoms without being deflected or stopped, it suggests that there must be a significant amount of empty space within the atoms.Rate this question:
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- 3.
When Rutherford found a tiny number of the ALPHA particles bounced back off the GOLD atoms, his conclusion from this observation was:-
- A.
GOLD atoms are solid
- B.
GOLD atoms have a tiny POSITIVE nucleus
- C.
GOLD atoms have a tiny NEGATIVE nucleus
- D.
GOLD atoms have a tiny SOLID nucleus
- E.
GOLD atoms are tiny
Correct Answer
B. GOLD atoms have a tiny POSITIVE nucleusExplanation
Rutherford's observation that a small number of alpha particles were bouncing back off the gold atoms led him to conclude that gold atoms have a tiny positive nucleus. This conclusion was based on the understanding that the alpha particles were positively charged and that they were being repelled by a similarly charged positive nucleus within the gold atoms. This observation and conclusion were groundbreaking as they provided evidence for the existence of the atomic nucleus and helped shape our understanding of atomic structure.Rate this question:
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- 4.
The plum pudding model of the atom is best described by:
- A.
A solid spongy atom
- B.
An atom with electrons on the outside
- C.
A solid mass of positive matter with negative electrons embedded in the surface
- D.
A solid mass of negative matter with positive electrons embedded in the surface
- E.
A positive nucleus with tiny electrons orbiting in shells
Correct Answer
C. A solid mass of positive matter with negative electrons embedded in the surfaceExplanation
The plum pudding model of the atom suggests that an atom is made up of a solid mass of positive matter with negative electrons embedded in the surface. This model was proposed by J.J. Thomson and it is based on the idea that positive and negative charges are evenly distributed within the atom, similar to the way plums are distributed within a plum pudding. This model was later replaced by the nuclear model of the atom, which proposed that the positive charge is concentrated in a small nucleus at the center of the atom, with the electrons orbiting around it.Rate this question:
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- 5.
Nuclear fission usually uses the following ISOTOPES
- A.
Uranium-235 and plutonium-235
- B.
Uranium-238 and plutonium-238
- C.
Uranium-239 and plutonium-239
- D.
Uranium-235 and plutonium-239
- E.
Uranium-239 and plutonium-235
Correct Answer
D. Uranium-235 and plutonium-239 -
- 6.
A chain reaction is best described by:-
- A.
When the fission products of one atom causes the fission of further atoms
- B.
When the fission products of one atom causes the fission of one further atom
- C.
When the fission products of several atoms cause a moderator to heat up
- D.
When the fission products of several atoms cause the control rods to heat up
- E.
When the fission products of several atoms causes the coolant to heat up
Correct Answer
A. When the fission products of one atom causes the fission of further atomsExplanation
A chain reaction occurs when the fission products of one atom cause the fission of further atoms. This means that the initial fission event releases enough energy and particles to trigger additional fission reactions in neighboring atoms, leading to a self-sustaining reaction. This process is commonly seen in nuclear reactors and atomic bombs, where the release of energy from one fission event triggers a cascade of subsequent fission reactions, resulting in a large amount of energy being released.Rate this question:
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- 7.
The device in a nuclear power station that slows down fission products so that they can cause other atom to fission is called:-
- A.
The control rods
- B.
The coolant
- C.
The fuel rods
- D.
The moderator
- E.
The biological shield
Correct Answer
D. The moderatorExplanation
The moderator is the device in a nuclear power station that slows down fission products so that they can cause other atoms to fission. It helps to control the rate of the nuclear reaction by slowing down the fast-moving neutrons produced during fission. This allows more of the neutrons to be absorbed by other atoms, sustaining the chain reaction. The moderator is usually made of materials like water, graphite, or heavy water, which have a high probability of neutron scattering.Rate this question:
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- 8.
Nuclear fusion is best described by:
- A.
The nucleus of a large atom splitting into smaller nucleii
- B.
Two small nuclei joining to form one larger nucleus
- C.
Several small atoms chemically bonding to form a molecule
- D.
Several small atoms melting and forming a solid lump
- E.
Two small atoms joining to form one larger atom
Correct Answer
B. Two small nuclei joining to form one larger nucleusExplanation
Nuclear fusion is the process in which two small nuclei join together to form one larger nucleus. This process releases a significant amount of energy and is the same process that powers the sun. In nuclear fusion, the mass of the resulting nucleus is slightly less than the combined mass of the two original nuclei, and this mass difference is converted into energy according to Einstein's famous equation, E=mc². This process is distinct from nuclear fission, where a large nucleus splits into smaller nuclei.Rate this question:
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- 9.
The key condition necessary for nuclear fusion to take place is:-
- A.
The material must be very dense
- B.
The material must be a solid
- C.
The material must be a liquid
- D.
The material must be a gas
- E.
The material must be at a very high temperature
Correct Answer
E. The material must be at a very high temperatureExplanation
Nuclear fusion is a process that occurs when the nuclei of atoms come together to form a heavier nucleus. In order for this to happen, the material must be at a very high temperature. At high temperatures, the atoms have enough kinetic energy to overcome the electrostatic repulsion between their positively charged nuclei and come close enough for the strong nuclear force to bind them together. This high temperature is necessary to provide the energy required for the fusion reaction to occur.Rate this question:
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- 10.
Isotopes are best described as
- A.
Atoms of the same atomic number with different atomic masses
- B.
Atoms of the same atomic mass with different numbers of electrons
- C.
Atoms of the same atomic number with different numbers of protons
- D.
Atoms of the same atomic mass with different numbers of neutrons
- E.
Atoms of the same atomic numbers with different numbers of protons
Correct Answer
A. Atoms of the same atomic number with different atomic massesExplanation
Isotopes are atoms of the same element that have the same number of protons (atomic number) but different numbers of neutrons, resulting in different atomic masses. This means that isotopes have similar chemical properties but slightly different physical properties due to the varying mass.Rate this question:
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Current Version
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Mar 21, 2023Quiz Edited by
ProProfs Editorial Team -
Jan 12, 2010Quiz Created by
Stephen Carpente
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