TOEFL Mock Test 84: Reading Passages
Read the passage below and choose the best answers for the following questions.
Questions and Answers
- 1.
POLLUTANTS (1) There are different pollutants that are dispersed throughout the world’s atmosphere. According to findings, there concentrations are high enough that gradually cause serious health problems. Serious illnesses can come quickly when air pollutants are concentrated, such as when massive injections of sulfur dioxide and suspended particulate matter are emitted by a large volcanic eruption. (2) Carbon dioxide (CO2) is one of the major pollutants in the atmosphere. Major sources of CO2 are fossil fuels burning and deforestation. CO2 is a good transmitter of sunlight, but partially restricts infrared radiation going back from the earth into space. This produces the so-called greenhouse effect that prevents a drastic cooling of the Earth during the night. Increasing the amount of CO2 in the atmosphere reinforces this effect and is expected to result in a warming of the earth’s surface. Currently, carbon dioxide is responsible for 57% of global warming trend. Nitrogen oxides contribute most of the atmospheric contaminants. (3) Sulfur and chlorofloucarbons or CFCs are lowering the average concentration of ozone in the stratosphere too. Sulfur dioxide is produced by combustion of sulfur-containing fuels, such as coal and fuel oils. They also contribute in the process of producing sulfuric and in metallurgical process involving ores that contain sulfur. Sulfur oxides can injure man, plants and materials. At sufficiently high concentrations, sulfur dioxide irritates the upper respiratory tract of human beings because potential effect of sulfur dioxide is to make breathing more difficult by causing the finer air tubes of the lung to constrict. (4) Chlorofluorocarbons, also known as Freons, are greenhouse gases that contribute to global warming. Photochemical air pollution is commonly referred to, as “smog”. Smog, a contraction of the words smoke and fog, has been caused throughout recorded history by water condensing on smoke particles, usually from burning coal. This smog is also appearing in regions of the tropics and subtropics where savanna grasses are periodically burned. Question: The word “concentrated” in the passage is closest in meaning to
- A.
Widespread
- B.
Abundant
- C.
Minimum
- D.
Ample
Correct Answer
B. Abundant -
- 2.
Which of the following best expresses the essential information in the highlighted passage?
- A.
CO2 is a naturally occurring gas that exists in the Earth’s atmosphere
- B.
CO2 is an important greenhouse gas but it may imbalance the absorption and emitting of Infrared Radiation
- C.
CO2 is an important warming gas by reducing outward radiation
- D.
CO2 emits light from the sun by following a certain process thus making the surface of the earth warm during the night
Correct Answer
B. CO2 is an important greenhouse gas but it may imbalance the absorption and emitting of Infrared Radiation -
- 3.
The word “combustion” in the passage is closest in meaning to
- A.
Producing
- B.
Disregarding
- C.
Accumulating
- D.
Burning
Correct Answer
D. Burning -
- 4.
The word “periodically” in the passage is closest in meaning to
- A.
Randomly
- B.
Regularly
- C.
Annually
- D.
Timely
Correct Answer
B. Regularly -
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Jan 31, 2017Quiz Edited by
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Apr 02, 2013Quiz Created by
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