Tes Kimia Kelas X Semester 2

Electrolytes are substances that can conduct electricity. When dissolved in water or melted, they break down into ions, which are charged particles. These ions are then able to move freely and carry an electric current. This ability to conduct electricity is what defines electrolytes.

The correct answer is "air jeruk merupakan larutan elektrolit lemah". This is because even though air jeruk does not produce a glowing light when tested as an electrolyte, the fact that gas bubbles form at the electrode indicates that it does conduct electricity to some extent. However, the conductivity is weak, suggesting that the solution contains a small amount of ions.

The correct answer is II, III, and V. This is because an electrolyte is a substance that conducts electricity when dissolved in water or melted. In this case, options II, III, and V are the only ones that consist of substances that can conduct electricity when dissolved in water. Option I does not have any substances that are known to be electrolytes, and option IV does not have any substances that are soluble in water.

Garam dapur dapat menghantarkan arus listrik karena garam dapur terdiri dari ion-ion positif (Na+) dan ion-ion negatif (Cl-) yang dapat bergerak bebas dalam larutan. Ketika diberikan potensial listrik, ion-ion dalam larutan garam dapur akan bergerak menuju elektroda dengan muatan yang berlawanan, sehingga arus listrik dapat mengalir melalui larutan garam dapur.

The correct answer is "mengandung ion". Both sodium chloride solution and sulfuric acid solution can conduct electricity, indicating that they contain ions.

Nitrogen dioksida (N2H4) memiliki bilangan oksidasi -2 karena nitrogen memiliki bilangan oksidasi -2 dan tidak ada atom lain yang mempengaruhinya. Dalam senyawa ini, nitrogen berbagi empat pasang elektron dengan atom hidrogen, sehingga setiap atom hidrogen memberikan satu elektron kepada nitrogen, menghasilkan bilangan oksidasi -2.

The correct answer is "larutan H2SO4 0,1 M" because H2SO4 is a strong acid, which means it ionizes completely in water and produces a high concentration of ions. This high degree of ionization allows for better conductivity of electric current in the solution compared to the other substances listed, which may only partially ionize or not ionize at all.

The correct answer is 3 because a secondary carbon (C) atom is a carbon atom that is bonded to two other carbon atoms. In the compound given, there are three carbon atoms that are bonded to two other carbon atoms, making them secondary carbon atoms.

The correct answer is 1 and 3. This is because both "pengikatan oksigen" (oxygen binding) and "pertambahan bilangan oksidasi" (increase in oxidation number) are characteristics of oxidation reactions. "Penangkapan elektron" (electron capture) is not necessarily a characteristic of oxidation, as it can also occur in reduction reactions. Similarly, "pengurangan oksigen" (reduction of oxygen) and "penurunan bilangan oksidasi" (decrease in oxidation number) are characteristics of reduction reactions, not oxidation reactions.

The given answer states that the reaction MnO42- --> MnO4- is not a reduction reaction. This is because in a reduction reaction, the oxidation state of an element decreases. In this reaction, the oxidation state of manganese (Mn) is changing from +7 to +6, which means it is being oxidized rather than reduced. Therefore, this reaction is not a reduction reaction.

The given reaction Fe(OH)3 --> Fe2O3 involves a decrease in the oxidation state of iron. In Fe(OH)3, the oxidation state of iron is +3, whereas in Fe2O3, the oxidation state of iron is +3 as well. Since the oxidation state remains the same, there is no change in the oxidation state. Therefore, the correct answer is Fe(OH)3 --> Fe2O3.