1.
The Judicial Branch serves as a watchdog, watching the other two branches to ensure the ideals of the founding fathers as written in the Constitution are
Correct Answer
B. To protect the rights of Americans
Explanation
The correct answer is "to protect the rights of Americans." The Judicial Branch plays a crucial role in upholding the Constitution and ensuring that the rights and liberties of American citizens are protected. They interpret the law, settle disputes, and have the power to declare laws or actions unconstitutional if they violate the rights guaranteed by the Constitution. By serving as a watchdog, the Judicial Branch ensures that the other branches of government do not infringe upon the rights of individuals and that the principles established by the founding fathers are upheld.
2.
Who is the current Supreme Court Chief Justice
Correct Answer
C. John Roberts
Explanation
John Roberts is the current Supreme Court Chief Justice. This is because he was appointed to the position by former President George W. Bush in 2005 and has been serving in this role since then. As the Chief Justice, Roberts is responsible for presiding over Supreme Court hearings, leading discussions and deliberations among the justices, and assigning who writes the majority opinion in cases.
3.
What do we call the first 10 Constitutional Amendments?
Correct Answer
B. The Bill of Rights
Explanation
The first 10 Constitutional Amendments are called the Bill of Rights. These amendments were added to the United States Constitution to protect the basic rights and liberties of individuals. They include important rights such as freedom of speech, religion, and the right to a fair trial. The Bill of Rights is considered a crucial part of the Constitution and has had a significant impact on shaping American democracy and the protection of individual freedoms.
4.
What is the supreme law in America?
Correct Answer
B. The Constitution
Explanation
The Constitution is considered the supreme law in America because it establishes the framework for the government and outlines the rights and freedoms of the people. It is the highest legal authority and serves as a guide for all other laws and regulations in the country. The Constitution also provides a system of checks and balances to ensure that no single branch of government becomes too powerful. Overall, it is the foundation of the American legal system and democracy.
5.
How many Justices serve on the U.S. Supreme Court?
Correct Answer
C. 9
Explanation
There are nine Justices who serve on the U.S. Supreme Court. This is determined by the Judiciary Act of 1869, which set the number of Justices to nine. The purpose of having an odd number of Justices is to prevent tie votes on important decisions. This allows for a majority opinion to be reached and ensures a fair and balanced decision-making process.
6.
What is the term of a U.S. Supreme Court Justice?
Correct Answer
B. For life
Explanation
The term of a U.S. Supreme Court Justice is for life. This means that once appointed, a Justice serves on the Court until they retire, resign, pass away, or are impeached and removed from office. This lifetime appointment provides stability and independence to the judiciary, ensuring that Justices are not influenced by political pressures or the need for re-election. It also allows them to make decisions based solely on the interpretation of the law and the Constitution, without concerns about their future job security.
7.
Who was the first female U.S. Supreme Court Justice?
Correct Answer
B. Sandra Day O'Connor
Explanation
Sandra Day O'Connor was the first female U.S. Supreme Court Justice. She was appointed by President Ronald Reagan in 1981 and served on the Supreme Court until her retirement in 2006. O'Connor's appointment broke the gender barrier on the highest court in the United States and paved the way for more women to serve as justices. She was known for her moderate conservative views and her ability to build consensus among her colleagues. O'Connor's historic appointment and her influential tenure on the Supreme Court have made her a trailblazer for women in the legal profession.
8.
Who appoints U.S. Supreme Court Justices?
Correct Answer
A. President
Explanation
The U.S. Supreme Court Justices are appointed by the President. This is in accordance with the U.S. Constitution, which grants the President the power to nominate individuals for the position of Supreme Court Justice. However, the appointment is subject to confirmation by the Senate. The President selects a candidate, and then the Senate holds hearings and votes on whether to confirm the nominee. If confirmed, the President officially appoints the individual to serve as a Supreme Court Justice. The House of Representatives does not have a role in the appointment process.
9.
Who approvesU.S. Supreme Court Justices?
Correct Answer
B. Senate members
Explanation
The U.S. Supreme Court Justices are approved by Senate members. The President nominates individuals for the position of Supreme Court Justice, but it is the Senate that has the power to confirm or reject the nomination. This process is known as "advice and consent," where the Senate holds confirmation hearings to evaluate the qualifications and suitability of the nominee before making a final decision. This ensures a system of checks and balances within the U.S. government, allowing for a fair and thorough assessment of potential Supreme Court Justices.
10.
What are the U.S. Supreme Court Justice qualifications?
Correct Answer
C. Not listed in the Constitution
Explanation
The qualifications for U.S. Supreme Court Justices are not listed in the Constitution. The Constitution does not explicitly state any specific qualifications or requirements for individuals to become Supreme Court Justices. Instead, the appointment process is outlined in Article 2, which grants the President the power to nominate Justices, who are then confirmed by the Senate. The lack of specific qualifications allows for flexibility in the selection process, ensuring that individuals with diverse backgrounds and expertise can serve on the Supreme Court.
11.
Which President 'packed' the U.S. Supreme Court during his term?
Correct Answer
B. President Roosevelt
Explanation
During his term, President Roosevelt "packed" the U.S. Supreme Court. This refers to his attempt to increase the number of justices on the court in order to gain more favorable rulings for his policies. In 1937, he proposed a plan to add up to six additional justices to the court, but it was met with significant opposition. Although his plan ultimately failed, it remains a notable event in American political history.
12.
Which President selected TWO U.S. Supreme Court Justices during his term?
Correct Answer
A. President Obama
Explanation
President Obama is the correct answer because he selected two U.S. Supreme Court Justices during his term. This is significant because the President has the authority to nominate Supreme Court Justices, who then must be confirmed by the Senate. The two Justices selected by President Obama were Sonia Sotomayor in 2009 and Elena Kagan in 2010, both of whom are still serving on the Supreme Court.
13.
Which President selected ZERO U.S. Supreme Court Justices during his term?
Correct Answer
C. President Carter
Explanation
President Carter is the correct answer because he did not have the opportunity to nominate any justices to the U.S. Supreme Court during his single term as president. The reason for this is that no vacancies occurred on the Supreme Court during his presidency.
14.
Which U.S. Constitution Article describes the Judicial Branch?
Correct Answer
C. Article 3
Explanation
Article 3 of the U.S. Constitution describes the Judicial Branch. This article establishes the Supreme Court as the highest court in the land and gives Congress the power to create lower federal courts. It outlines the jurisdiction of the federal courts and defines the role of judges. Article 3 also guarantees the independence of the judiciary and protects the rights of individuals to a fair trial.
15.
The U.S. Supreme Court meets in
Correct Answer
B. Washington D.C.
Explanation
The U.S. Supreme Court meets in Washington D.C. This is because Washington D.C. is the capital of the United States and is where the federal government is located, including the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is the highest court in the country and is responsible for interpreting the Constitution and making decisions on important legal issues. Meeting in Washington D.C. allows the Supreme Court to be in close proximity to other branches of government and ensures the court's accessibility to the federal government and the public.
16.
Which court is referred to as the 'Court of Last Resort'?
Correct Answer
B. U.S. Supreme Court
Explanation
The U.S. Supreme Court is referred to as the 'Court of Last Resort' because it is the highest court in the United States and has the final authority to interpret and apply the law. Its decisions are binding on all lower courts, and it has the power to overturn decisions made by lower courts. As the highest court, it serves as the last opportunity for individuals and organizations to have their cases heard and decided upon.
17.
Which important U.S. Supreme Court case changed the laws on abortion in the U.S.?
Correct Answer
B. Roe vs Wade
Explanation
Roe vs Wade is the correct answer because it was a landmark U.S. Supreme Court case in 1973 that legalized abortion nationwide. The Court ruled that a woman's constitutional right to privacy includes the decision to have an abortion, and that states cannot ban abortion in the first trimester. This decision significantly changed the laws on abortion in the U.S. and continues to be a highly debated and controversial topic.
18.
Which important U.S. Supreme Court case changed the laws on Judical Review (the power to review laws) in the U.S.?
Correct Answer
A. Marbury vs Madison
Explanation
Marbury vs Madison is the correct answer because this landmark Supreme Court case established the principle of judicial review in the United States. In this case, the Court declared that it had the power to review and invalidate acts of Congress that were found to be unconstitutional. This decision greatly expanded the authority of the Supreme Court and established its role as the final arbiter of the constitutionality of laws in the United States.
19.
Which important U.S. Supreme Court case decided the rights of slaves in the U.S.?
Correct Answer
C. Dred Scott vs Sandford
Explanation
Dred Scott vs Sandford is the correct answer because this Supreme Court case played a pivotal role in determining the rights of slaves in the United States. In this case, the court ruled that slaves were property and not citizens, therefore they did not have the right to sue in federal court. This decision further reinforced the institution of slavery and denied basic rights to enslaved individuals, contributing to the tensions that eventually led to the American Civil War.
20.
When arrested, suspects must be read their Miranda Rights which include
Correct Answer
A. The suspect must give their name and current address
Explanation
The correct answer is "the suspect must give their name and current address." When arrested, suspects must be read their Miranda Rights, which are a set of rights that law enforcement officers must inform suspects of before conducting any custodial interrogations. These rights include the right to remain silent, the right to have an attorney present during questioning, and the right to have an attorney appointed if they cannot afford one. However, the Miranda Rights do not include a requirement for the suspect to answer all questions posed by law enforcement or to remain in jail until the end of their trial.
21.
When arrested, suspects must be read their Miranda Rights which include
Correct Answer
B. The suspect may remain silent during the questioning session
Explanation
The correct answer is that the suspect may remain silent during the questioning session. This is because the Miranda Rights guarantee the right to remain silent and not incriminate oneself. This is a fundamental right provided by the Fifth Amendment of the United States Constitution. By remaining silent, suspects can protect themselves from self-incrimination and ensure a fair legal process.
22.
When arrested, suspects must be read their Miranda Rights which include
Correct Answer
B. The suspect must be provided a lawyer by the state
Explanation
When arrested, suspects must be read their Miranda Rights, which include the right to have a lawyer provided by the state. This means that if a suspect cannot afford a lawyer, the state must appoint one for them. This ensures that the suspect has legal representation and can effectively exercise their rights during the trial process. It is a fundamental aspect of the criminal justice system to ensure fair and equal treatment for all individuals, regardless of their financial means.
23.
The only Constitutional Amendment to be repealed (canceled)?
Correct Answer
A. 18th
Explanation
The 18th Amendment was the only Constitutional Amendment to be repealed. It was ratified in 1919 and introduced Prohibition, making the production, sale, and transportation of alcoholic beverages illegal in the United States. However, the amendment was widely unpopular and led to an increase in organized crime. As a result, the 21st Amendment was ratified in 1933, repealing the 18th Amendment and ending Prohibition. The 23rd Amendment, on the other hand, grants residents of Washington D.C. the right to vote in presidential elections.
24.
The final authority on all laws is the
Correct Answer
C. Supreme Court
Explanation
The Supreme Court is the final authority on all laws because it is the highest court in the judicial system. It has the power to interpret the Constitution and make decisions that are binding on all lower courts. The Supreme Court's decisions establish legal precedents that shape the interpretation and application of laws throughout the country. Its role is crucial in ensuring consistency and uniformity in the interpretation of laws, resolving conflicts between lower courts, and safeguarding the constitutional rights of individuals.
25.
How may U.S. Supreme Court Justices be removed from office?
Correct Answer
B. Impeached
Explanation
U.S. Supreme Court Justices can be removed from office through the process of impeachment. Impeachment is a formal accusation of misconduct or wrongdoing brought against a public official. It is initiated by the House of Representatives and requires a majority vote. If the Justice is impeached by the House, a trial is held in the Senate where a two-thirds majority vote is required for removal from office. This process ensures that Supreme Court Justices are held accountable for any misconduct or violation of their duties.
26.
Which U.S. Circuit Court serves Illinois?
Correct Answer
B. 7th
Explanation
The 7th Circuit Court is the correct answer because it serves Illinois. The U.S. Circuit Courts are divided by regions, and the 7th Circuit covers Illinois, Indiana, and Wisconsin. Each Circuit Court is responsible for hearing appeals from the district courts within its jurisdiction. Therefore, the 7th Circuit Court is the appropriate court for Illinois.
27.
Federal Courts interpret
Correct Answer
A. State to State disagreements
Explanation
Federal Courts interpret State to State disagreements. When there are disputes or conflicts between two or more states, such as disagreements over boundary lines, water rights, or jurisdictional issues, the federal courts have the authority to interpret and resolve these disputes. This is because the Constitution grants the federal courts jurisdiction over cases involving disputes between states. By interpreting the laws and constitutional provisions related to state-to-state disagreements, the federal courts ensure that conflicts are resolved fairly and consistently across the country.
28.
Federal Courts interpret
Correct Answer
B. Maritime cases
Explanation
Federal Courts have the authority to interpret and apply laws related to maritime cases. Maritime cases involve legal disputes and issues that arise in relation to maritime activities, such as accidents, collisions, cargo disputes, and maritime contracts. Federal Courts have jurisdiction over these cases because they involve matters that fall under federal law, such as admiralty and maritime law. Therefore, when it comes to interpreting and deciding on legal matters related to maritime cases, Federal Courts have the expertise and authority to do so.
29.
What is Original Jurisdiction?
Correct Answer
C. When a case is heard for the first time
Explanation
Original jurisdiction refers to the authority of a court to hear and decide a case for the first time, as opposed to an appellate jurisdiction where a court reviews the decisions made by lower courts. When a case is heard for the first time, it means that the court has the power to examine the evidence, evaluate the facts, and make a determination without any previous rulings or decisions to rely on. This allows the court to establish the initial legal interpretation and application of the law in the given case.
30.
Civil Court cases are defined as cases that involve
Correct Answer
B. A person who has their rights violated
Explanation
Civil court cases are legal disputes between individuals or entities that do not involve criminal charges. These cases typically arise when a person's rights have been violated, such as in cases of discrimination, breach of contract, or personal injury. The focus is on seeking compensation or resolving disputes rather than punishing the accused. Therefore, the correct answer is "a person who has their rights violated."
31.
Criminal Court cases are defined as cases that involve
Correct Answer
C. A person who has been involved in a murder or robbery
Explanation
The correct answer is "a person who has been involved in a murder or robbery." Criminal court cases specifically deal with individuals who have been accused of committing serious crimes such as murder or robbery. These cases involve the legal process of determining the guilt or innocence of the accused and administering justice accordingly.
32.
Who has jurisdiction if Illinois sues Michigan over the polluting of Lake Michigan of Asian Carp?
Correct Answer
A. Federal Court
Explanation
In cases where disputes involve multiple states or have interstate implications, such as the pollution of Lake Michigan by Asian Carp, the jurisdiction typically falls under the federal court system. This is because federal courts have the authority to handle cases that involve federal laws, interstate disputes, or conflicts between states. As Illinois is suing Michigan over the pollution issue, it would likely be heard in a federal court to ensure a fair and impartial resolution. State courts, on the other hand, generally handle cases that involve state laws and disputes within the boundaries of a specific state.
33.
Who has jurisdiction if Sam is accused of vandalizing a mailbox?
Correct Answer
A. Federal Court
Explanation
If Sam is accused of vandalizing a mailbox, the jurisdiction would typically fall under the State Court. Vandalizing a mailbox is generally considered a state-level offense rather than a federal offense, as it involves damage to personal property within the state's jurisdiction. Federal courts usually handle cases that involve federal laws, interstate disputes, or constitutional matters. However, it's important to note that jurisdiction can vary depending on the specific circumstances and laws of the jurisdiction in question.
34.
Who has jurisdiction if Joe is accused of stealing Ryan's wallet while on a Carribean Cruise out in the Atlantic Ocean?
Correct Answer
A. Federal Court
Explanation
In this scenario, the jurisdiction would fall under the Federal Court. This is because the incident occurred on a Caribbean Cruise, which is considered to be in international waters, specifically the Atlantic Ocean. In cases where the crime takes place outside the territorial jurisdiction of any state, the federal court has jurisdiction.
35.
Who has jurisdiction if your neighbor's dog contiinues to chew on your fence post?
Correct Answer
B. State Court
Explanation
In cases where a neighbor's dog continues to chew on a fence post, the jurisdiction lies with the State Court. This is because issues related to property damage or disputes between neighbors are typically handled at the state level. The State Court has the authority to address and resolve conflicts arising from such incidents, ensuring that the appropriate legal actions are taken to resolve the matter.
36.
What is a verdict?
Correct Answer
B. The decision by a judge or jury in a court case
Explanation
A verdict refers to the decision made by a judge or jury in a court case. It is the final outcome or ruling that determines the guilt or innocence of the defendant. Verdicts are based on the evidence and arguments presented during the trial, and they carry legal consequences for the parties involved. The verdict is a crucial part of the judicial process as it concludes the trial and determines the resolution of the case.
37.
A U.S. American Flag should _______________.
Correct Answer
B. Never touch the ground.
Explanation
The correct answer is "never touch the ground." This is because the American flag is a symbol of the country and should be treated with respect. Allowing it to touch the ground is considered disrespectful and improper flag etiquette.
38.
To destroy the U.S. American Flag, you must
Correct Answer
B. Destroyed in a proper ceremony.
Explanation
To show respect for the U.S. American Flag, it must be destroyed in a proper ceremony. This ensures that the flag is disposed of in a dignified manner, in accordance with the U.S. Flag Code. Burning the flag is the most common method used in these ceremonies, as it is considered a respectful way to retire the flag. This practice emphasizes the importance and symbolism of the flag, even in its disposal.
39.
The U.S. Flag's 13 stripes represent
Correct Answer
B. The number of original colonies
Explanation
The correct answer is the number of original colonies. The U.S. Flag has 13 stripes that represent the 13 original colonies that formed the United States. These colonies were the first to declare independence from Great Britain and eventually became the first 13 states of the United States. Each stripe on the flag symbolizes the unity and history of these original colonies.
40.
The U.S. Flag's 50 stars represent
Correct Answer
A. The number of states
Explanation
The U.S. Flag's 50 stars represent the number of states in the United States. Each star represents a state, and since there are currently 50 states in the country, there are 50 stars on the flag. The stars symbolize the unity and representation of each state within the United States.
41.
How can the Legislative Branch CHECK the Executive Branch?
Correct Answer
C. May override a veto and still pass a law
Explanation
The Legislative Branch can check the Executive Branch by having the power to override a veto and still pass a law. This means that if the President vetoes a bill, the Legislative Branch can still pass it into law if they have enough votes to override the veto. This power ensures that the Executive Branch does not have complete control over the legislative process and allows the Legislative Branch to have a say in the creation of laws.
42.
How can the Legislative Branch CHECK the Judicial Branch?
Correct Answer
B. Approves judges
Explanation
The Legislative Branch can check the Judicial Branch by approving judges. This means that the Legislative Branch has the power to review and confirm the appointment of judges to the Judicial Branch. By having this authority, the Legislative Branch can ensure that only qualified and suitable individuals are appointed as judges, thereby maintaining a system of checks and balances within the government. This helps to prevent any potential abuse of power or bias within the Judicial Branch.
43.
How can the Executive Branch CHECK the Judicial Branch?
Correct Answer
B. Appoints judges
Explanation
The Executive Branch can check the Judicial Branch by appointing judges. This power allows the Executive Branch to have some influence over the composition of the judiciary, ensuring that judges who align with their policies and ideologies are appointed. By appointing judges who share their views, the Executive Branch can potentially shape the decisions and outcomes of court cases, indirectly influencing the Judicial Branch's actions and decisions.
44.
How can the Executive Branch CHECK the Legislative Branch?
Correct Answer
A. May veto laws
Explanation
The Executive Branch can check the Legislative Branch by exercising the power to veto laws. This means that if the President disagrees with a bill passed by Congress, they have the authority to reject it. This serves as a check on the Legislative Branch's power, as it prevents them from enacting legislation without the approval of the Executive Branch. By vetoing laws, the President can influence the legislative process and ensure that only bills that align with their agenda or priorities are enacted.
45.
How can the Judicial Branch CHECK the Legislative Branch?
Correct Answer
C. May declare laws unconstitutional
Explanation
The Judicial Branch can check the Legislative Branch by declaring laws unconstitutional. This means that if the Legislative Branch creates a law that goes against the principles and provisions of the constitution, the Judicial Branch has the power to deem it invalid. This serves as a check on the Legislative Branch's authority, ensuring that they do not exceed their constitutional limits and ensuring the protection of individual rights and the integrity of the constitution.
46.
How can the Judicial Branch CHECK the Executive Branch?
Correct Answer
A. May not be fired
Explanation
The Judicial Branch can check the Executive Branch by having job security and being unable to be fired. This ensures that judges can make unbiased decisions without the fear of losing their positions due to political pressure or interference from the Executive Branch. This independence allows the Judicial Branch to act as a check on the Executive Branch's actions and decisions, ensuring that they are constitutional and in line with the rule of law.