Psychology Chapter 2

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Psychology 100 chapter 2psychology in action 9th edition (huffman)


Questions and Answers
  • 1. 

    _______ studies how biological processes in the nervous system relate to behavior in the nervous system relate to behavior and metal processes.

    • A.

      Evolutionary psychology

    • B.

      Neuroscience

    • C.

      Biofunctionalism

    • D.

      None of these options

    Correct Answer
    B. Neuroscience
  • 2. 

    _______ are basic cells of the nervous system responsible for reveiving and transmitting electrochemical information.

    • A.

      Dendrites

    • B.

      Neurons

    • C.

      Axons

    • D.

      Nucleotides

    Correct Answer
    B. Neurons
  • 3. 

    The three major parts of a neuron are the _______.

    • A.

      Glia, dendrites, and myelin

    • B.

      Myelin, dendrites and axon

    • C.

      Dendrites, axon and cell body

    • D.

      Axon, glia and myelin

    Correct Answer
    C. Dendrites, axon and cell body
  • 4. 

    Juan has been diagnosed with multiple sclerosis and has trouble walking because of his poor muscle coordination.  His coordination problem is primarily due to the progressive deterioration of his _________.

    • A.

      Axons

    • B.

      Myelin sheath

    • C.

      Action potential

    • D.

      Glial cells

    Correct Answer
    B. Myelin sheath
  • 5. 

    The _______ explains how an axon either fires or does not fire an action potential _______.

    • A.

      Sodium-potassium

    • B.

      Axon terminal

    • C.

      Shotgun

    • D.

      All-or-nothing law

    Correct Answer
    D. All-or-nothing law
  • 6. 

    _______ are chemical messengers secreted into the synapse.

    • A.

      Ions

    • B.

      Neurotransmitters

    • C.

      Nucleotides

    • D.

      Neurocommunicators

    Correct Answer
    B. Neurotransmitters
  • 7. 

    The synapse is the point where _____.

    • A.

      The soma attaches to the dendrite

    • B.

      Neurotransmitters are manufactured

    • C.

      Information transfers from neuron to neuron

    • D.

      The action potential begins

    Correct Answer
    C. Information transfers from neuron to neuron
  • 8. 

    _________ is a neurotransmitter and suspected factor in Parkinson's disease (PD) and schizophrenia.

    • A.

      Acetylcholine

    • B.

      Dopamine

    • C.

      Serotonin

    • D.

      All of these options

    Correct Answer
    B. Dopamine
  • 9. 

    Chemicals manufactured by endocrine glands and circulated in the bloodstream to produce bodily changes or maintain normal bodily functions are called _______.

    • A.

      Endorphins

    • B.

      Neurotransmitters

    • C.

      Endoseals

    • D.

      Hormones

    Correct Answer
    D. Hormones
  • 10. 

    Neurotransmission at the synapse is similar to making an individual phone call.  In contrast, messages from the ______ system resemble a very large group email message.

    • A.

      Lympathic

    • B.

      Hormonal

    • C.

      Endocrine

    • D.

      Reticular activating

    Correct Answer
    C. Endocrine
  • 11. 

    The major divisions of the (Central Nervous System) CNS are the ________ .

    • A.

      Sympathetic and parasympathetic

    • B.

      Somatic and autonomic

    • C.

      Gray matter and white matter

    • D.

      Brain and spinal cord

    Correct Answer
    D. Brain and spinal cord
  • 12. 

    The __________ carries messages between the CNS and the periphery of your body.

    • A.

      Parasympathetic nervous system

    • B.

      Spinal cord

    • C.

      Peripheral nervous system (PNS)

    • D.

      None of these options

    Correct Answer
    C. Peripheral nervous system (PNS)
  • 13. 

    _______ is the brain's ability to reorganize and change the structure and function throughout the life span.

    • A.

      Neurogenesis

    • B.

      Stem cells

    • C.

      Neuroplasticity

    • D.

      All of these options

    Correct Answer
    C. Neuroplasticity
  • 14. 

    The parasympathetic nervous system is dominant when a person is ________.

    • A.

      Stressed

    • B.

      Relaxed

    • C.

      Frightened

    • D.

      Angry

    Correct Answer
    B. Relaxed
  • 15. 

    Damage to the medulla can lead to loss of ________.

    • A.

      Vision

    • B.

      Respiration

    • C.

      Hearing

    • D.

      Smell

    Correct Answer
    B. Respiration
  • 16. 

    The ________ is a hindbrain structure involved in respiration, movement, waking, sleep, and dreaming.

    • A.

      Medulla

    • B.

      Thalamus

    • C.

      Reticular formation (RF)

    • D.

      Pons

    Correct Answer
    D. Pons
  • 17. 

    The frontal, parietal, occipital, and temporal lobes make up the __________.

    • A.

      Brain

    • B.

      Left and right hemispheres

    • C.

      Subcortex

    • D.

      Brain stem

    Correct Answer
    B. Left and right hemispheres
  • 18. 

    If you are accidentally hit on the head and you see flashes of light, mostly likely the blow activated cells in the _________.

    • A.

      Frontal lobes

    • B.

      Temporal lobes

    • C.

      Occipital lobes

    • D.

      Parietal lobes

    Correct Answer
    C. Occipital lobes
  • 19. 

    Your left brain doesn't know what your right brain is doing.  It is MOST likely that your _______ has been severed.

    • A.

      Amygdala

    • B.

      Frontal lobe

    • C.

      Association cortex

    • D.

      Corpus callosum

    Correct Answer
    D. Corpus callosum
  • 20. 

    Split-brain research has indicated that, in most people, the left hemisphere is largely responsible for ________ abilities.

    • A.

      Musical

    • B.

      Spatial

    • C.

      Artistic

    • D.

      Language

    Correct Answer
    D. Language
  • 21. 

    _______ are branching neuron structures that receive neural impulses from neurons and convey impulses toward the cell body.

    • A.

      Axons

    • B.

      Cell bodies

    • C.

      Dendrites

    • D.

      None of these options

    Correct Answer
    C. Dendrites
  • 22. 

    The _______ is part of the neuron that integrates incoming information, absorbs nutrients, and produces proteins necessary for the functioning of the neuron.

    • A.

      Axon hillock

    • B.

      Myelin sheath

    • C.

      Synaptic gap

    • D.

      Cell body

    Correct Answer
    D. Cell body
  • 23. 

    A(n) ___________ is an electrochemical impulse that travels through a neuron.

    • A.

      Ganglial message

    • B.

      Muscular potentiation

    • C.

      Action potential

    • D.

      Neuroelectrical message

    Correct Answer
    C. Action potential
  • 24. 

    According to the all-or-nothing law, the __________.

    • A.

      Neuron cannot fire again during the refractory period

    • B.

      Neurotransmitter either attaches to a receptor site or is destroyed in the synapse

    • C.

      Neuron either fires completely or not at all

    • D.

      None of these options

    Correct Answer
    C. Neuron either fires completely or not at all
  • 25. 

    Neurotransmitters are _________.

    • A.

      Charged ions that carry action potential down the axon

    • B.

      Hormones that pass electrical energy from the dendrite into the soma

    • C.

      Chemical messengers that are released from an axon and stimulate dendrites on another neuron

    • D.

      Lubricants and nutrients needed by the soma to keep the neuron alive

    Correct Answer
    C. Chemical messengers that are released from an axon and stimulate dendrites on another neuron
  • 26. 

    Growth, reproduction, moods, and our responses to stress are all influenced by our _______.

    • A.

      Vasopressors

    • B.

      Hormones

    • C.

      Steroids

    • D.

      Gonadotropins

    Correct Answer
    B. Hormones
  • 27. 

    The sensory and motor nerves that go to and from the CNS, body organs, and skeletal muscles make up the _____ nervous system.

    • A.

      Somatic

    • B.

      Fight or flight

    • C.

      Autonomic

    • D.

      Peripheral

    Correct Answer
    D. Peripheral
  • 28. 

    A reflex arc occurs in the _________.

    • A.

      Skeletal muscles

    • B.

      Brain

    • C.

      Spinal cord

    • D.

      Reticular activating system

    Correct Answer
    C. Spinal cord
  • 29. 

    The ______ system prepares your body to respond to stress.

    • A.

      Central nervous

    • B.

      Sympathetic

    • C.

      Peripheral

    • D.

      Somatic

    Correct Answer
    B. Sympathetic
  • 30. 

    The brainstem is involved with your _________.

    • A.

      Ability to move and maintain posture

    • B.

      Sense of touch and pain

    • C.

      Basic survival functions

    • D.

      Emotional behavior

    Correct Answer
    C. Basic survival functions
  • 31. 

    An interconnected group of forebrain structures particularly responsible for emotions, drives, and memory is known as the ________.

    • A.

      Subcortical center

    • B.

      Homeostatic controller

    • C.

      Limbic system

    • D.

      Master endocrine system

    Correct Answer
    C. Limbic system
  • 32. 

    The _____ lobes govern motor control, speech production, and higher functions, such as thinking, personality, emotion and memory.

    • A.

      Parietal

    • B.

      Master

    • C.

      Frontal

    • D.

      Temporal

    Correct Answer
    C. Frontal
  • 33. 

    A stroke that damages Broca's area would affect a person's ability to ________.

    • A.

      Make speech sounds

    • B.

      Read and write

    • C.

      Understand language

    • D.

      Read, write and understand language

    Correct Answer
    A. Make speech sounds
  • 34. 

    If Hannibal Lector removed and ate the _____ of your brain, you would no longer understand language.

    • A.

      Corpus callosum

    • B.

      Association areas

    • C.

      Wernicke's area

    • D.

      Parietal lobes

    Correct Answer
    C. Wernicke's area
  • 35. 

    The occipital loves are primarily responsible for ______.

    • A.

      Vision

    • B.

      Hearing

    • C.

      Smell and taste

    • D.

      Touch and pain

    Correct Answer
    A. Vision
  • 36. 

    SPecialization of the left and right hemispheres of the brain for particular operations is technically referred to as _________.

    • A.

      Centralization

    • B.

      Asymmetrical processing

    • C.

      Localization of function

    • D.

      Lateralization

    Correct Answer
    D. Lateralization
  • 37. 

    The corpus callosum __________.

    • A.

      Maintains your balance

    • B.

      Keeps you breathing

    • C.

      Connects your left and right cerebral hemispheres

    • D.

      All of these options

    Correct Answer
    C. Connects your left and right cerebral hemispheres
  • 38. 

    Split-brain patients ______.

    • A.

      Do not exist

    • B.

      Have split personalities

    • C.

      Cannot name an object if they hold it in their left hand without looking at it

    • D.

      Deteriorate gradually at first and usually die within a year

    Correct Answer
    C. Cannot name an object if they hold it in their left hand without looking at it
  • 39. 

    Threadlike strands of DNA that carry genetic information are called _______.

    • A.

      Stem cells

    • B.

      Genes

    • C.

      Neurons

    • D.

      Chromosomes

    Correct Answer
    D. Chromosomes
  • 40. 

    The proportion of observed variance in a particular trait (such as intelligence) that can be attributed to inherited genetic factors in contrast to environmental ones is known as _____.

    • A.

      Behavioral genetics

    • B.

      Genetic determinism

    • C.

      Heritability

    • D.

      Mendelian factors

    Correct Answer
    C. Heritability

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  • Jan 11, 2013
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